Geometrical structure of public spaces in virtual city models. Exploring urban morphology by hierarchy of open spaces

• Autorzy: Zwoliński Adam

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.21005/pif.2019.37.F-01

Warianty tytułu

PL

Geometryczna struktura przestrzeni publicznych w wirtualnych modelach miast. Badanie morfologii miasta poprzez strukturę przestrzeni otwartych

• Języki publikacji: EN PL

Abstrakty

EN

Urban development is now becoming an increasingly complex challenge in global and local terms. The urban form is both, the element of the city's sense and the spatial framework of urban transformations. The morphology of the city is changing constantly with urban development. What can be continuously observed is, that “cities and their complexes grow spatially, forming large areas and absorbing new territories.” [2]. Urban morphology consists of built-up tissue and voids in-between, so the urban development is directly related to the volume and geometrical structure of open areas and public spaces. If the public life occurs in the space in-between, exploring tools of advanced urban analyses focused on morphology of open spaces seems to be important and actual. Spatial disposition and relation between public spaces define unique features of towns and contribute to the general perception of the sense of cities. However the problem is not as obvious as it may seem in practical terms. While the analysis of the built-up tissue of cities is relatively achievable, a measurable analysis of the space in-between is a considerable challenge due to the lack of defined geometry. This geometrical aspect of open spaces in cities is addressed in this article. The promising and powerful data environment enabling the development of such analytic tools are 3D virtual city models. The already introduced by the author analytic method called 3D-Negative (N3D) allows quantification and measurable analyses of the “invisible” geometry. The method is closely related to GIS and cityGML environments. The purpose of the article is to analyze regularities, spatial distribution and structure of public spaces in selected cities in area and linear means.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

3D-Negative (N3D); cityGML; public spaces; urban morphology; virtual city models

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Uczelniane Zachodniopomorskiego Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie
• Czasopismo: Przestrzeń i Forma
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: nr 37
• Strony: 235--244
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 17 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Zwoliński Adam

• Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie, Wydział Budownictwa i Architektury, Katedra Urbanistyki i Planowania Przestrzennego, Zespół Cyberurbanistyki

Bibliografia

• [1] 2TaLL (2016) ‘Application of 3D Virtual City Models in Urban Analyses of Tall Buildings’,Project realized under the Polish-Norwegian Research Program in 2013-2016, by: K. Czyńska, P. Rubinowicz & A. Zwoliński (http://project2tall.zut.edu.pl/, access 2018.03.01).
• [2] ‘Back to the sense of the city’, (2016), preface to the 11th Congress Virtual City and Territory, Kraków, internet: http://ctv2016.pk.edu.pl/index.html, [dostęp: 2018_03_28]
• [3] Bielecki, Cz. (1996) ‘Gra w miasto’, Fundacja Dom Dostępny, Warszawa, 20-82.
• [4] Biljecki, F., Ledoux, H., Stoter, J. (2016) ‘An improved LOD specification for 3D building models’. Computers, Environment, and Urban Systems, vol. 59, 25-37.
• [5] Czyńska, K. (2015) ‘Application of Lidar Data and 3D-City Models in Visual Impact Simulations of Tall Buildings’, Int. Arch. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., XL-7/W3, 1359-1366, doi:10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-7-W3-1359-2015.
• [6] Czyńska, K. & Rubinowicz, P. (2015) ‘Visual Protection Surface method: Cityscape values incontext of tall buildings’. In: Karimi, K., Vaughan, L., Sailer K., Palaiologou, G., Bolton T. (Eds.),Proceedings of the 10th International SSS, 142:1-142:10, London.
• [7] Gehl, J., (2001) ‘Life between buildings.’ Danish Architectural Press, Kopenhagen, 9-49
• [8] Gehl, J., Gemzoe, L. (1996) ‘Public space, public life’, Danish Architectural Press, Kopenhagen, 10-30.
• [9] Loegler, R. (2011) ‘Miasto to nie architektoniczna zabawa’. Wydawnictwo RAM, Białystok, 32-35.
• [10] Maślanka, M. (2016) ‘Prodstawowe informacje o projekcie ISOK. Rola GUGIK w projekcie ISOK.’ Materiały szkoleniowe ProGea – prezentacja: https://docplayer.pl/12585685-Podstawowe-informacje-o-projekcie-isok-rola-gugik-w-projekcie-isok.html [dostęp: 2018_05_01]
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• [12] Pal Singh S., Jain K. and Mandla V. R. (2013) ‘Virtual 3D city modelling: techniques and applications.’ In Kolbe T. H., Koenig G., Nagel C. (eds), International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences vol. XL-2/W2, Istambul: International Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS), 73-91.
• [13] Rubinowicz P. (2017) ‘Generation of CityGML LOD1 city models using BDOT10k and LIDAR data’. Przestrzeń i FORMA 31, 61-74, Szczecin, ZUT.
• [14] Yamano T., Yoshikawa S. (2005) ‘Cityscape analysis and simulation with three-dimensional urban model’. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management (CUPUM2005), London: University College of London, paper 171.
• [15] Zwoliński A. (2014) ‘Complexity of public spaces system between key tall buildings in city of Szczecin. Geometrical aspect of public spaces in 3D city model’, in: Proceedings of the 16th ICGG conference, 175-186. Innsbruck, Innsbruck University Press.
• [16] Zwoliński A.(2014) ‘Możliwości i perspektywy wspomagania procesów integracji i transformacji struktur przestrzennych miast z wykorzystaniem potencjału technologii modeli 3D miast’. [in]: „Nowe idee w planowaniu rozwoju terytorialnego. Wartości - przestrzenie - projekty”, Tom V – Zagadnienia społeczne, funkcjonalne i gospodarcze w planowaniu przestrzennym, 85-115, red. Węcławowicz-Bilska E., Kraków, Wydawnictwo PK, ISSN 0860-097X.
• [17] Zwoliński A., Rubinowicz P. (2016) ‘Geometries of Cityscape: Analysis and Detection of Public Spaces Beneath Tall Buildings by 3D-Negatives’. [in:] Słyk J., Bezerra L. (eds) Proceedings of the International Conference ASKnow Education for Research, Research for Creativity, 162-169, Warsaw.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).