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Electromigration failure prediction and reliability evaluation of solder bumps for FCBGA package

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Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Electromigration (EM) in solder joints under high current density has become a critical reliability issue for the future high density microelectronic packaging. A practical method of atomic density integral (ADI) for predicting solder bump electromigration reliability is proposed in this paper. The driving forces in electromigration include electron wind force, stress gradient, temperature gradient as well as atomic density gradient. The electromigration simulation is performed on flip chip ball grid array (FCBGA) package based on ADI method, and the simulation results for void generation and time to failure (TTF) have a reasonably good correlation with the testing results. Orthogonal experimental design has been used to evaluate the effect of design parameters on TTF of electromigration. Based on this study, some practical recommendations are made to optimize the package design and improve the solder bump electromigration reliability.
Rocznik
Strony
215--232
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr., 15 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Quzhou University, College of Mechanical Engineering Quzhou324300, China
Bibliografia
  • 1. Wu J.D., Lee C.W., Zheng P.J., Li S., Effects of substrate metallization on the degradation of flip chip interconnects under electromigration, [in:] Proc. 9th Inter. Symp. on Advanced Pack Materials: Processes, Properties and Interfaces, 25–30, 2004.
  • 2. Dandu P., Fan X. J., Liu Y., Diao C., Finite element modeling on electromigration of solder joints in wafer level packages, Microelectronics Reliability, 50, 4, 547–555, 2010.
  • 3. Ceric H., Selberherr S., Electromigration in submicron interconnect features of integrated circuits, MATER. SCI. ENG. R.: Reports, 71, 5–6, 53–86, 2010.
  • 4. Black J.R., Mass transport of aluminum by momentum exchange with conducting electrons, [in:] Proc. 6th Annual Reliab. Physics Symp., 148–159, 1967.
  • 5. Ceric H., Selberherr S., Electromigration in submicron interconnect features of integrated circuits, MATER. SCI. ENG.R.: Reports, 71, 5–6, 53–86, 2010.
  • 6. Liang S.W, Chang Y.W., Shao T.L., Chen C., Tu K.N., Effect of three-dimensional current and temperature distributions on void formation and propagation in flip-chip solder joints, Appl. Phys. Lett., 89, 2, 021117, 2006.
  • 7. Nah J.W., Ren F., Tu K.N., Venk S., Camara G., Electromigration in Pb-free flip chip solder joints on flexible substrates, J. Appl. Phys., 99, 2, 023520, 2006.
  • 8. Tu K.N., Recent advances on electromigration in very-large-scaleintegration of interconnects, J. Appl. Phys., 94, 9, 5451–5473, 2003.
  • 9. Gan H., Choi W.J., Xu G., Tu K.N., Electromigration in solder joints and solder lines, J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc., 54, 6, 34–37, 2002. 232 Y. ZHANG
  • 10. Basaran C., Lin M., Damage mechanics of electromigration induced failure, Mech. Mater., 40, 1–2, 66–79, 2008.
  • 11. Liu Y., Zhang Y.X., Liang L.H., Prediction of electromigration induced voids and time to failure for solder joint of a wafer level chip scale package, IEEE T Compon Pack T, 33, 3, 544–552, 2010.
  • 12. Liu Y., Power electronic packaging: design, assembly process, reliability and modeling. Springer, New York, 2012.
  • 13. Reddy J.N., An introduction to the finite element method, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 55–56, 2006.
  • 14. Huang J., Tu K.N., Gee S., Nguyen L., The effect of electromigration on eutectic SnPb and Pb-Free solders in wafer level-chip scale packages, Proc. Semiconductor Res. Corporation Tech. Con., Portland, Oregon, USA Oct 24–26, 2005.
  • 15. Liang L.H., Zhang J. C., Zhang Y.X., Research of electromigration failure for FCBGA solder joint under the multi-physical field, Eng. Mech., 30, 9, 264–269, 2013.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-59a51b83-d805-4122-8921-0123707253c5
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