Mineralogia i struktura wybranych surowców jako czynnik ich jakości

• Autorzy: Pawlikowski M. , Wróbel M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Mineralogy and structure of selected raw materials as reason of their quality

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

Paper present results of mineralogical examination of various genetic types of flints and obsidian were performed using polarizing light microscopy, SEM and EDX methods were performed during last 3o years. Various method were used for determining possible relations between internal structures of these raw materials and relations to the best directions for processing. Analyses showed that the best directions for preparation of flint implements are parallel to directions of optical orientation of micro crystalline quartz present in flint. This orientation was the result of the recrystallization process of silica from opal to chalcedony and quartz. The type of processes known as ageing of silica active and observed in flint nodules have persisted for a million years. The growth of microcrystals in primary opal of flints goes a specially well perpendicularly to the direction of stress, i.e., perpendicular to the thickening of rock layers (mostly limestones). Performed investigation confirmed the primary flint nodules formed in situ from sponga organisms show regular nodule shapes. Secondary flints formed due to migration of dissolved silica in deposited sediment had mostly irregular shape. Secondary crystals of quartz present in these flints do not show space orientation and because of this the secondary flints are bad for knapping

Słowa kluczowe

PL

geologia; mineralogia; surowce; jakość

EN

geology; knapping material; flints; obsidian; optical orientation

• Wydawca: nakł. Maciej Pawlikowski
• Czasopismo: Auxiliary Sciences in Archaeology, Preservation of Relics and Environmental Engineering
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: nr 18
• Strony: 1--8
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz., zdj.

Twórcy

autor

Pawlikowski M.

• Department of Mineralogy, Petrography and Geochemistry, AGH-University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland

autor

Wróbel M.

• AGH-University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Hesse, R., 1988 Diagenesiss 13. Origin of chert: Diagenesis of biogenic siliceous sediments. Geoscience Canada 15(3)
• 2. Hesse, R., 1989 Silica diagenesis: origin of inorganic and replacement cherts. Earth-Science Reviews 26(1):253-284.
• 3. Pawlikowski M., 1980 Raw materials used in the Gravettian sequence of site C2 at Kraków - Spadzista Street. Prace Archeol. 42, 75-79.
• 4. Pawlikowski M., 1989 On the necessity of standarization of petrological investigations in archaeology. Prace Archeol. 43, 7-15.
• 5. Pawlikowski M., 1990a Origin of lithic raw materials. W: A. Montet-White The Epigravvettian site of Grubgraben, Lower Austria. The 1986-1987 excavations. Univ. Liege, Ed. by M. Otte, 93-119.
• 6. Pawlikowski M., 1990b Mineralogical analysis of raw materials of Stone Age. Methods and Application. Materiały Konf. Nauk. Kansas –Lawrence, 34.
• 7. Pawlikowski M., 1992 The origin of lithic row materials. In: Kozlowski J.K., Laville H., Ginter B.,: Temnata Cave. Jagiellonian University Press, 241-288.
• 8. Pawlikowski M., 1993a Mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical analyses of flint from Jurassc limestones of Brzoskwinia, near Kraków. In:. K. Sobczyk: The late paleolithic flint workshops at Brzoskwinia - Krzemionki near Kraków. Zesz. Nauk. UJ. z. 55, 74-81.
• 9. Pawlikowski M., 1993b Lithic raw materials. In: Kaczanowska M., et al. 1993 Neolithic and eneolithic chipped stone industries from Sariskie Michalany, Eastern Slovakia. Jagiellonian Univetsity Press, 29-38.
• 10. Pawlikowski M., 2001. V.III. Late Gravettian shouldered points horizon sites in the Moravany-Banka Erea. In J. K. Kozłowski Complex of Upper Palaeolithic sites near Moravany, Western Slovakia Nitra 2000, 180.
• 11. Pawlikowski M., 2002 Determination of sources of raw materials: Results of field survey in the Burhan River Valley (Region of Antalya, Turkey). In. I. Yalcinkaya, M. Otte., J.K. Kozłowski, O. Bar-Yosef: Okuzini: final palaeolithic evolution in southwest Anatolia. Earul 96, Liege, 383 p
• 12. Pawlikowski M., 2008 Stone raw materials as indicator of human contacts during the stone age. Geoarchaeology and Archaeomineralogy. Prec. Int. Conf. 29-30. 11. 2008. Sofia, 18-22.

Uwagi

EN

Investigation in part supported by grant AGH no 11.11.140 319