Time of war and martial law, relations, mutual dependencies and legal, organisational and functional dillema

• Autorzy: Żaboklicka Ewa , Stankowski Daniel

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.37055/pno/155529

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Objectives: The aim of the article was to solve the research problem included in the question: Can we adopt specifically defined procedures that define imposing of "martial law", "state of war" and "time of war"? Methods: The methods adopted in the research process are primarily critical analysis of a wide spectrum of source materials, including compact items, scientific articles, legal acts, theoretical methods characteristic for security science, i.e. analysis, synthesis, comparison, inference and abstraction, were supplemented by participatory observation. Results: Although the procedures for imposing "martial law", "state of war" and "time of war" have been defined at the level of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland and ordinary legislation, the applicable legal order does not formulate norms that would systematically develop these concepts in a defined form. This problem, which at times takes on the consequences of the lack of a common position of theoreticians and practitioners, raises concerns from the point of view of the legal system. Conclusions: The conclusions of the article show that it is difficult to clearly set the procedures defining the direct use of the definitions of "martial law", "state of war" and "time of war". A lot of scientists are having a discussions about this. There is also a whole range of documents and legal acts that do not generally regulate the security and defense of the state, but some of their provisions refer to "time of war", "state of war" and "martial law".

Słowa kluczowe

EN

security; martial law; State of war; time of war

• Wydawca: Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
• Czasopismo: Przegląd Nauk o Obronności
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: R. 7, Nr 13
• Strony: 115--126
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 30 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Żaboklicka Ewa

• Military University of Technology, ul. Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4711-6567

autor

Stankowski Daniel

• Military University of Technology, ul. Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-1221

Bibliografia

• References
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• 2. Bukowicka, S. (2013) Selected issues within the scope of tasks of the Minister of National Defence during the war, [in:] Minister of National Defence and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces in the security management system. Selected problems, Warsaw.
• 3. Garlicki, L. (2016), Constitution of the Republic of Poland Volume 1, Commentary, Warsaw.
• 4. Garlicki, L. (2000) Polish Constitutional Law. Lecture outline, Warsaw.
• 5. Jaskiernia, J. (2011) Normative acts in states of emergency, [in:] Constitutional system of sources of law in practice, Warsaw. pp. 15-18; digital object identifier:https://doi.org/10.15804/ppk.2011.01.11.
• 6. Juchniewicz, J. (2014) Emergency States, Constitutional Law, Warsaw. Digital object identifier: 10.19195/0137-1134.106.4.
• 7. Kaczmarek, J., Łepkowski. W., Zdrodowski, B. (2008) Dictionary of National Security Terms, Warsaw.
• 8. Kęsoń, T. J. (2014) Annals of International Security No. 2, State of War and Martial Law - Formal and Legal Issues, pp. 145.
• 9. Kitler, W. (2011) National Security of the Republic of Poland. Basic categories. Conditions. System, Warsaw.
• 10. Kitler, W. (2018) Organization of national security of the Republic of Poland, Constitutional, legal-administrative and systemic aspects, Toruń.
• 11. Kołodziejczak, M. E. (2018) Yearbook of Legal Sciences ed. no. 4, Legal definitions regulating wars and related terms, Warsaw, digital object identifier: http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rnp.2018.28.4-4.
• 12. Padzik, J. (2018) National Security Studies, The role and significance of The norm of Article 5 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland for the area of law shaping the state defense system. Warsaw.
• 13. Paździor, M., Szmulik, B. (2012) States of Emergency, Institutions of National Security, Warsaw.
• 14. Surmański, M. (2014) National Security ed. No. 2, The concept of "time of war" and problems resulting from its indeterminacy in the Polish legal system, Warsaw, pp. 97-105.
• 15. Winczorek, P. (2000) Commentary on the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, Warsaw.
• 16. Wiśniewski, L. (1997) States of emergency in the draft of the new Constitution RP. In Human Rights in an Emergency, Toruń.
• 17. Wołpiuk, W. (2002). The state in the face of special threats. Comment selected provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of April 2 1997, Warsaw.
• Other sources
• 1. Act of 11 March 2022 on the defence of the Homeland (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 655).
• 2. Act of 29 August 2002 on martial law and on the competences of the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces and the principles of his subordination to the constitutional bodies of the Republic of Poland (Journal of Laws of 2017, item 1932).
• 3. Act of 14 December 1995 on the office of the Minister of National Defence (Journal of Laws of 2019, item 196).
• 4. Act of 24 August 2001 on the Military Police and Military Law Enforcement Bodies (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 1214).
• 5. Act of 17 December 1998 on the rules of use or stay of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Poland outside the country (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 396).
• 6. Act of 10 December 1993 on pension provision for professional soldiers and their families (Journal of Laws of 2022, item 520).
• 7. Act of 12 October 1990 on the Border Guard (Journal of Laws of 1990, No. 78, item 462).
• 8. Act of 9 April 2010 on the Prison Service (Journal of Laws of 2021, item 1064).
• 9. Act of 18 February 1994 on pension provision for officers of the Police, Internal Security Agency, Intelligence Agency, Military Counterintelligence Service, Military Intelligence Service, Central Anti-Corruption Bureau, Border Guard, Government Protection Bureau, State Fire Service and Prison Service and their families (Journal of Laws of 2020, item 723).
• 10. Act of 8 December 2006 on the Polish Air Navigation Services Agency (Journal of Laws of 2006, No. 249, item 1829).
• 11. Act of 3 July 2002 - Aviation Law (Journal of Laws of 2020, item 1970).
• 12. Act of 16 October 1992 on orders and decorations (Journal of Laws of 2020, item 138).
• 13. Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 2 April 1997 adopted by the National Assembly on 2 April 1997, adopted by the Nation in a constitutional referendum on 25 May 1997, signed by the President of the Republic of Poland on 16 July 1997 (Journal of Laws of 1997, No. 78, item 483).

Uwagi

Dwa liczbowania bibliografii.