Zastosowanie zdjęć mikrofalowych z satelitów ERS-1 i ERS-2 do określania wilgotności gleb pod zbożami

• Autorzy: Gruszczyńska M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Application of microwave images from ERS-1 and ERS-2 satellites for soil moisture assesment. Case study – cereals

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W artykule przedstawiono metodą określania wilgotności gleb pod zbożami na podstawie zdjąć mikrofalowych otrzymanych z satelitów ERS-1 i ERS-2 w ramach projektów badawczych zleconych przez Europejską Agencją Kosmiczną.

EN

Soil moisture content is an important parameter influencing vegetation growth and crop yield. It also affects dimension and shape of water balance and is used in irrigation scheduling and other applications in hydrology, agriculture and meteorology. Among numerous methods only remote sensing offers a potential means of determining the spatial distribution of soil moisture over large areas within a short time and a reasonable cost. Among the various electromagnetic bands available for remote sensing observations from satellite platforms, the microwave region offers the greatest potential in terms of penetration through soil for the depth dependent on spectral bands - the longer band the deeper penetration. The basic principle of imaging radars is to emit electromagnetic radiation towards the earth surface and to record the quantity and time delay of energy backscattered. Microwaves can penetrate clouds, which is important for the regularity of the observation. The main physical factors, which affect radar backscatter response, are surface roughness and dielectric properties of target, which correspond closely with the moisture content. The possibility to determine soil moisture using active microwaves draw the attention of scientists since the radar techniques have been open to civilians. It is obvious from the recent studies that radar backscattering coefficient a 0 increases with the increase of soil moisture and surface roughness (Ulaby [1974]). For soil moisture determination from radar measurements the effect of surface roughness should be separated from the effect of moisture (soil and vegetation moisture) of the target. In case of soil covered by crops the vegetation surface roughness was mostly considered as a troublesome factor. It was found that vegetation surface roughness could be expressed by Leaf Area Index (LAI) values. LAI can be measured in ground during field survey or calculated from images obtained in optical bands of the electromagnetic spectrum (Dąbrowska-Zielińska [1995]). In this paper author propose the assessment of soil moisture from ERS SAR data for the stable vegetation surface roughness condition characterised by LAI and for the stable vegetation moisture condition characterised by growing stage of crops. The results obtained from study carried out from 1992 to 1997 for spring and winter cereals are presented in this paper.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

zdjęcie mikrofalowe; wilgotność gleby; Wielkopolska

EN

microwave image; soil moisture

• Wydawca: Instytut Geodezji i Kartografii
• Czasopismo: Prace Instytutu Geodezji i Kartografii
• Rocznik: 1998
• Tom: T. 45, z. 97
• Strony: 117--135
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 13 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Gruszczyńska M.

Bibliografia

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