Linear Correlation Analysis of Production Parameters of Biofuel from Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.) Mucilage

• Autorzy: Chicaiza Intriago Jonathan G. , Zambrano Briones Gema E. , Delgado Villafuerte Carlos R. , Ávila Martínez María F. , Pincay Cantos María F.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/175038

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The present study aimed to analyze the linear correlation between the production variables of biofuel based on cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) mucilage in the city of Calceta - Manabí. The issue addressed was the generation of waste from cocoa farming, leading to contamination of aquifers and the land surface. The CCN-51 cocoa variety was used for the research, following the guidelines of the Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with the proportion of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as the studied factor, in three quantities: 0.5 kg, 0.1 kg, and 0.025 kg, and two methods of sample dehydration: saline distillation and molecular sieves the interaction between factors generated six treatments, each of which was repeated three times. The study found significant differences in the variables of alcohol content and yield, while there were no differences in pH and ratio/biomass. Treatment T6 was identified as the most feasible for biofuel production, with a pH of 5.86, 83% alcohol content, 76.67 mL ratio/biomass, and 58.10% yield. Regarding the relationship between the production variables, the analysis of linear correlation revealed a strong, directly proportional correlation for all variables, with values ranging from 0.94 to 0.98.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

association; biofuel; ethanol; CCN-51; mucilage

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 25, nr 1
• Strony: 187--194
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 27 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Chicaiza Intriago Jonathan G.

• Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Calceta, Ecuador

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0402-6596

autor

Zambrano Briones Gema E.

• Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado de Manta, Dpto. de Coordinación General de Desarrollo Institucional. Manta, Ecuador

• https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1266-2232

autor

Delgado Villafuerte Carlos R.

• Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Calceta, Ecuador

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3477-092X

autor

Ávila Martínez María F.

• Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Calceta, Ecuador

• https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5703-738X

autor

Pincay Cantos María F.

• Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí Manuel Félix López, Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Calceta, Ecuador

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-4418

Bibliografia

• 1. Angulo, G. (2017). Evaluation of the fermentative process of cocoa mucilage applying Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioethanol production. Quevedo, Ecuador: Technical State University of Quevedo, Faculty of Engineering Sciences, Industrial Engineering Program.
• 2. Arteaga, Y. (2013). Study of cocoa mucilage waste in the Naranjal canton (Guayas province). ECA Sinergia Journal. Faculty of Administrative and Economic Sciences. U.T.M, 4(4), pp. 49-59. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=6197548.
• 3. Awogbemi, O., Kallon, D.V.V. (2022). Valorization of agricultural wastes for biofuel applications. Heliyon, 8(10), e11117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11117
• 4. Castillo, P., Mendoza, A., & Caballero, P. (2012). Analysis of the physicochemical properties of Mexican reformulated gasoline and diesel with Ethanol. Engineering, Research, and Technology Journal, pp. 293-306. https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/iit/v13n3/v13n3a4.pdf
• 5. Chilakamarry, C.R., Sakinah, A.M., Zularisam, A. W., Sirohi, R., Khilji, I.A., Ahmad, N., Pandey, A. (2022). Advances in solid-state fermentation for bioconversion of agricultural wastes to value-added products: Opportunities and challenges. Bioresource Technology, 343, 126065.
• 6. Cortés, M., Gata, E., Pipió, A., Rodríguez, A., Sánchez, J. (2019). Biofuels: types and production strategies. Journal of Sciences of the Pablo de Olavide University. Seville, Spain. No. 39, pp. 1-6.
• 7. Delgado, J., Soler, J., Peña, J. (2018). Optimization of bioethanol production in fermentation processes of CCN – 51 Cocoa mucilage in a batch type bioreactor. Magazine “I3A Young Researchers Conference”, pp. 1-3.
• 8. Guo, H.N., Wu, S.B., Tian, Y.J., Zhang, J., Liu, H. T. (2021). Application of machine learning methods for the prediction of organic solid waste treatment and recycling processes: A review. Bioresource Technology, 319, 124114.
• 9. Gutiérrez, H., De la Vara, R. (2012). Analysis and design of experiments. 3rd ed. Editorial McGRAW – HILL / INTERAMERICANA. MEX. pp. 20 – 300.
• 10. Hackenberg, N. (2008). Second-generation biofuels. Virtual Journal REDESMA, pp. 49-61.
• 11. IPCC. (2019). 1.5°C Global Warming. International Panel on Climate Change. Retrieved from https://www.ipcc.ch/site/assets/uploads/sites/2/2019/06/SR15_Full_Report_High_Res.pdf.
• 12. Johnsson, F., Kjärstad, J., Rootzén, J. (2019). The threat to climate change mitigation is posed by the abundance of fossil fuels. Climate Policy, 19(2), 258-274. https://doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2018.1483885
• 13. Llenque, L., Quintana, A., Torres, L., Segura, R. (2020). Production of bioethanol from organic vegetable residues. Journal of Scientific Research REBIOL, 40(1), 21-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rebiol.2020.40.01.03
• 14. McGlade, C., Ekins, P. (2015). The geographical distribution of fossil fuels unused when limiting global warming to 2 C. Nature, 517(7533), 187-190. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature14016
• 15. Morelos, J. (2016). Analysis of the variation in efficiency in the production of biofuels in Latin America. Management Studies, 32(139), 120-126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.estger.2016.01.001
• 16. Obi, F.O., Ugwuishiwu, B.O., Nwakaire, J.N. (2016). Agricultural waste concept, generation, utilization, and management. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 35(4), 957-964. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v35i4.34
• 17. ONU. (2015). Adoption of the Paris Agreement. Report No. FCCC/CP/2015/L.9/Rev.1. Conference of the Parties 21st Session. Paris. Retrieved 05 10, 2020, from https://unfccc.int/sites/default/files/english_paris_agreement.pdf.
• 18. Pacheco, N., Trujillo, J. (2019). Ethanol production by alcoholic fermentation from the exudate of cocoa pulp (Theobroma cacao L.). Lima, Peru: Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry.
• 19. Pattanaik L., Pattnaik F., Saxena D.K., Naik S.N. In: Second and Third Generation of Feedstocks. Basile A., Dalena F., editors. Elsevier; Singapore: 2019. Biofuels from Agricultural Wastes; pp. 103–142.
• 20. Pérez, I., Garrido, N. (2011). Aspects to consider in the operation of an alcohol dehydration system using molecular sieves. ICIDCA Journal. About Sugarcane Derivatives, 45(1), pp. 57-63.
• 21. Pezo, R. (2015). Use of generic strains (Saccharomyces Cerevisiae) in cacao mucilage (Teobroma Cacao L.) CCNN - 51 for obtaining ethanol by fractional distillation. Tingo María, Peru: National Agrarian University of the Selva, Faculty of Food Industries.
• 22. SEI, IISD, ODI, E3G, UNEP. (2020). The production gap: Special report 2020. SEI. Retrieved from. https://productiongap.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/PGR2020_FullRprt_web.pdf
• 23. Statista Emisiones globales de CO2 2018-2050. 2022 https://www.statista.com/statistics/263980/forecast-of-global-carbon-dioxide-emissions/
• 24. Vallejo, C., Ocampo, R., Morales, W., Soria, R., Vera, J., Barén, C. (2015). Utilization of cocoa mucilage, national and trinitario type, in the production of jelly. ESPAM Ciencia Journal, pp. 51-58.
• 25. Vera, C., and Zambrano, I. (2018). Evaluation of the characteristics of cocoa mucilage (Theobroma cacao L.) in the production of ethyl alcohol. Santo Domingo, Ecuador: Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas, Department of Life Sciences and Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering Career.
• 26. Villa, K. (2015). Mathematical representation of the cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L.) drying operation using spreadsheets (Excel). Machala, Ecuador: Universidad Técnica de Machala.
• 27. Welsby, D., Price, J., Pye, S., Ekins, P. (2021). Unextractable fossil fuels in a 1.5° C world. Nature, 597(7875), 230-234. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03821-8

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).