Measurement of rail vehicles exhaust emissions

• Autorzy: Kamińska Michalina , Kołodziejek Daniel , Szymlet Natalia , Fuć Paweł , Grzeszczyk Rafał

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.19206/CE-142526

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The basic problem in terms of measuring exhaust emissions is the approval tests of traction vehicles, which are carried out on engine dynamometers. Therefore, it is impossible to obtain reliable results concerning their actual impact on the natural environment. It is therefore advisable to carry out the tests in real operation conditions, as is the case for road vehicles for which RDE (Real Driving Emissions) tests are carried out. The latest Stage V emission standards push for the introduction of this type of test, but no limit values for toxic exhaust gases have been established and no test guidelines have been defined for assessing actual emissions. This article describes the issues related to the legislative guidelines for non-road vehicles in force in Europe, as well as the measurement tools used, such as mobile equipment for measuring emissions of PEMS (Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) and newly developed emission gates. Additionally, the paper presents examples of locomotive exhaust emission tests in real operating conditions. The aim of the measurements was to assess the emission of toxic compounds against the relevant standards. The subject of the research was a diesel locomotive type T448.P equipped with a modernized internal combustion engine.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

exhaust emission; rail vehicles; real driving emissions; RDE; portable emission measurement system; PEMS; non-road mobile machinery; NRMM

PL

emisja spalin; pojazdy szynowe; rzeczywista emisja cząstek; RDE; przenośne systemy pomiaru emisji; PEMS; pozadrogowe maszyny ruchome; NRMM

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
• Czasopismo: Combustion Engines
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: R. 61, nr 2
• Strony: 10--17
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 21 poz., il. kolor., fot., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kamińska Michalina

• Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2063-8023

autor

Kołodziejek Daniel

• Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9533-0472

autor

Szymlet Natalia

• Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5331-8325

autor

Fuć Paweł

• Faculty of Civil and Transport Engineering, Poznan University of Technology

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7882-9837

autor

Grzeszczyk Rafał

• ODIUT Automex sp. z o.o.
• WSB Gdańsk

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0421-9184

Bibliografia

• [1] ANDRZEJEWSKI, M., DASZKIEWICZ, P., RYMANIAK, Ł. et al. Impact of modernization of locomotives operated in Poland on the emission of toxic compounds in exhaust gases. Autobusy: Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy transportowe. 2018, 19(12), 54-57. https://doi.org/10.24136/atest.2018.353
• [2] ANDRZEJEWSKI, M., FUĆ, P., GALLAS, D. et al. Impact of driving style on the exhaust emission of a diesel multiple unit. 17th International Conference on Railway Engineering Design & Operation (COMPRAIL 2020), 365-376. https://doi.org/10.2495/CR200341
• [3] ANDRZEJEWSKI, M., PIELECHA, I., MERKISZ, J. et al. Legal conditions in the aspect of pollutant emissions from exhaust systems of rail vehicles engines. Journal of KONES. 2018, 25(1), 257-264. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2475
• [4] Directive 2004/ 26/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 amending Directive 97/68/EC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States relating to measures against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from internal combustion engines to be installed in non-road mobile machinery. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex%3A32004L0026
• [5] Dokumentacja techniczno-rozruchowa zmodernizowanej lokomotywy spalinowej Typu T448.P TOM II. http://www.katalogkolejowy.pl/produkty_det/3899
• [6] Dyrektywa Komisji 2010/26/UE z dnia 31 marca 2010 r. zmieniająca dyrektywę 97/68/WE Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady w sprawie zbliżenia ustawodawstw państw członkowskich odnoszących się do środków dotyczących ograniczenia emisji zanieczyszczeń gazowych i pyłowych z silników spalinowych montowanych w maszynach samojezdnych nieporuszających się po drogach. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/PL/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32010L0026
• [7] ICCT. Technical considerations for choosing a metric for vehicle remote-sensing regulations. November 2019. https://theicct.org/publications/china-vehicle-remote-sensing-regulations
• [8] ISO/DIS 8178-1.2, 1995. Reciprocating internal combustion engines - exhaust emission measurement - Part 1: Test-bed measurement of gaseous and particulate exhaust emissions. https://www.iso.org/standard/15268.html
• [9] LEWANDOWSKI, M. Silniki spalinowe pojazdów szynowych. WKŁ, Warszawa 2018.
• [10] LIJEWSKI, P., MERKISZ, J., PIELECHA, J. PEMS-based investigations into exhaust emissions from non-road and rail vehicles. Combustion Engines. 2016, 166(3), 46-53. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-2016-339
• [11] Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski. Warszawa 2004.
• [12] Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski. Warszawa 2009.
• [13] Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski. Warszawa 2014.
• [14] Mały Rocznik Statystyczny Polski. Warszawa 2019.
• [15] MERKISZ, J., LIJEWSKI, P., FUĆ, P. et al. Exhaust emission tests from non-road vehicles conducted with the use of PEMS analyzers. Eksploatacja i Niezawodność - Maintenance and Reliability. 2013, 15(4), 364-368.
• [16] MERKISZ, J., PIELECHA, I., ANDRZEJEWSKI, M. et al. Legal conditions in the aspect of pollutant emissions from exhaust systems of rail vehicles engines. Journal of KONES. 2018, 25(1), 257-264. https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2475
• [17] MERKISZ, J., RYMANIAK, Ł., LIJEWSKI, P. et al. Tests of ecological indicators of two-way vehicles meeting Stage IIIB and Stage IV standards in real operating conditions. Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe. 2020, 1, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.53502/RAIL-138495
• [18] Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 14 September 2016 on requirements relating to gaseous and particulate pollutant emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery, amending Regulations (EU) No 1024/2012 and (EU) No 167/2013, and amending and repealing Directive 97/68/EC (Text with EEA relevance). https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A32016R1628
• [19] Urząd transportu kolejowego. Tabor kolejowy przewoźników towarowych - stan obecny i plany do 2023 r. 2018.
• [20] ASCO RAIL sp. z o.o. https://www.ascorail.pl (accessed on 05.2021)
• [21] DieselNet. Engine & emission technology online - since 1997. https://dieselnet.com (accessed on 05.2021)

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).