Effect of fertigation on soil pollution during greenhouse plant cultivation

• Autorzy: Breś W. , Trelka T.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/aep-2015-0021

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wpływ fertygacji na zanieczyszczenie gleb podczas uprawy roślin w obiektach szklarniowych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of study was to investigate the effect of nutrient solution leakage during plant cultivation in greenhouse on soil pollution. Investigations were conducted in horticultural farms in the Wielkopolskie province (Greater Poland), specializing in soilless plant cultivation in greenhouse. In the first farm located on sandy soil tomato has been grown since its establishment (Object A). Prior to the beginning of crop culture soil samples were collected for analyses at every 0.2 m layer, to the depth of one meter. Successive samples were taken also in autumn after the completion of 1, 2, 3 and 7 culture cycles. For comparison, research was also conducted in a greenhouse located on loamy sand/sandy loam soil used for 8 years for tomato culture (Object B). In all these facilities plants in rockwool were grown and the fertigation in an open system was provided. Chemical analyzes showed the dynamics of soil properties changes and vertical distribution of cations and anions within the soil profile. Increased content of almost all nutrients and particularly of S-SO₄, P, K, Zn, N-NH₄, N-NO₃ in the soil profile in object A and S-SO₄, K, P, N-NO₃ in the soli profile in object B were recorded. The results showed that the degradation rate of the soil environment as a result of open fertigation system application depends primarily on the duration of greenhouse operation. However, explicit changes in the chemical properties of soils were observed already after the first growth cycle. Smaller doses of fertilizers and water, and in consequence reduction of nutrients losses may be achieved by closed fertigation systems.

PL

Celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu wyciekającej pożywki podczas uprawy roślin w obiektach szklarniowych na zanieczyszczenie gleby. Badania prowadzono w gospodarstwach ogrodniczych na terenie województwa wielkopolskiego, specjalizujących się w bezglebowej uprawie roślin. W pierwszej z nich, zlokalizowanej na glebie piaszczystej, od początku specjalizowano się w uprawie pomidorów (obiekt A). Przed rozpoczęciem pierwszego cyklu uprawy pobierano próby gleby do analiz chemicznych z kolejnych warstw co 0,2 m, aż do głębokości jednego metra. Kolejne próby pobierano co roku jesienią po zakończeniu 1, 2, 3 i 7 cyklu uprawy. Każdy cykl trwał około 10 miesięcy. Dla porównania przeprowadzono także badania w szklarni zlokalizowanej na glebie gliniasto- piaszczystej, w której uprawiono pomidory przez 8 lat (Obiekt B). W obu obiektach rośliny uprawiano w wełnie mineralnej z wykorzystaniem otwartego systemu fertygacyjnego. Wyniki analiz chemicznych pozwoliły zobrazować dynamikę zmian oraz pionowe rozmieszczenie kationów i anionów w profilu glebowym. Stwierdzono wzrost zawartości niemal wszystkich składników, a szczególnie S-SO₄, P, K, Zn, N-NH₄, N-NO₃ w profilu glebowym obiektu A oraz S-SO₄, K, P, N-NO₃ w profilu glebowym obiektu B. Intensywność degradacji środowiska glebowego spowodowanego stosowaniem otwartych systemów fertygacyjnych zależy przede wszystkim od długości użytkowania szklarni, jednak wyraźne zmiany właściwości chemicznych gleb stwierdzano już po pierwszym cyklu uprawy roślin. Mniejsze zużycie nawozów i wody, a w konsekwencji mniejsze straty składników, można uzyskać stosując zamknięte systemy fertygacyjne.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

drainage water; nutrient losses; open fertigation system

PL

zanieczyszczenie gleby; fertygacja; otwarty system fertygacyjny; strata pożywki; szklarnia

• Wydawca: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Environmental Protection
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 41, no. 2
• Strony: 75--81
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 35 poz., tab., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Breś W.

• Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland Department of Plant Nutrition

autor

Trelka T.

• Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland Department of Plant Nutrition

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