Metoda oceny elementów infrastruktury drogowej z uwzględnieniem potrzeb i specyfiki różnych grup użytkowników

• Autorzy: Kruszyna M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

The method of evaluation of road infrastructure elements considering the needs and specify of different groups of users

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W monografii pod pojęciem infrastruktury drogowej autor rozważa obiekty budowlane, po których odbywa się transport osób i towarów w zakresie gałęzi transportu drogowego. Wprowadzono i zdefiniowano kluczowe dla prowadzonych rozważań pojęcia, takie jak: element infrastruktury drogowej, jego rodzaje (węzeł i odcinek międzywęzłowy) oraz części, grupa użytkowników, trasa, środek lokomocji, opis i ocena warunków ruchu. Dokonano zestawienia stanu wiedzy z zakresu poruszanych zagadnień w rozbiciu na: przegląd zagadnień z zakresu opisu elementu infrastruktury, znaczenie sygnalizacji drogowej w ocenie warunków ruchu i tendencje wykorzystania metod heurystycznych w ocenie elementów infrastruktury drogowej. Na bazie tego podsumowania określono autorski wkład w dziedzinę projektowania i oceny elementów infrastruktury drogowej. Sformułowano trzy tezy oraz sprecyzowano cel i zakres monografii. Podstawowym osiągnięciem monografii jest skonstruowanie uniwersalnej metody opisu elementów infrastruktury drogowej. Oprócz ujęcia tradycyjnych wielkości charakteryzujących geometrię drogi oraz ruch jej użytkowników uwzględniono rolę wymagań poszczególnych grup użytkowników. Analizy różnych grup użytkowników, w tym podróżujących w pojazdach transportu zbiorowego, pieszych i rowerzystów, wymagały stworzenia zestawu zunifikowanych wielkości i związanych z nimi jednostek. Skonstruowano metodę oceny elementu infrastruktury drogowej bazującą na autorskim modelu obejmującym opis elementu infrastruktury oraz poszczególne grupy użytkowników. W metodzie oceny wykorzystano oryginalny zestaw funkcji oraz uwarunkowań dopasowany do charakteru rozwiązywanych zadań. Metoda nadaje się do korygowania sposobów obliczania przepustowości i warunków oceny ruchu drogowego z rozwinięciem ich na wszystkie grupy użytkowników. Kompleksowy opis wszystkich części elementu infrastruktury pozwala także na ocenę wariantów realizacji, bądź zagospodarowania. Istotnym osiągnięciem pracy jest wykorzystanie metod grupowania rozmytego do kalibracji parametrów funkcji oceny oraz algorytmów genetycznych, jako nowoczesnych i efektywnych narzędzi rozwiązywania zadań oceny elementów infrastruktury. Na przykładach pokazano użyteczność skonstruowanego modelu oraz efektywność autorskiej metody oceny, także na tle dotychczas stosowanych metod i włączywszy w to zbudowane narzędzia komputerowe. Dodatkowo pokazano, że modyfikując konkretne elementy metody, takie jak: wagi, parametry funkcji oceny i jej postać, uwzględnia się różne stopnie priorytetów dla określonych grup użytkowników stosownie do formułowanych przez nich preferencji oraz oczekiwań decydentów.

EN

In the monograph, the term of road infrastructure means the construction object (structure), on which is the transportation of people and goods in the road transport branch. The key concepts, such as: road infrastructure element, its types and parts (node and intersection segment) groups of users, route, means of transport, description and evaluation of traffic conditions are introduced. The state of knowledge, divided into: a review of the infrastructure description issues, the importance of traffic signals in the evaluation of traffic conditions, as well as the trends in the use of heuristic methods in the evaluation of road infrastructure is pointed. On the basis of this summary, the contribution of Author to the field of design and evaluation of road infrastructure is determined. Three specific thesis, the aim and the scope of the monograph are formulated. The main achievement of the monograph is to provide the universal method for the description of road infrastructure. In addition to the recognition of traditional quantities characterizing the geometry of the road and the movement of the users, the role of the requirements of individual users group is considered. Analysis of different users groups, including travelers in vehicles or in public transport means, pedestrians and cyclists, required a unified set of the quantities and related units. The method of evaluation of road infrastructure elements, based on the model including description of the infrastructure and each groups of users is constructed. The original set of functions and conditions tailored to the nature of the considered problems been taken into account. The method is suitable for correct the ways to calculate the capacity and the traffic conditions for all the groups of users. A complex description of all the parts of an infrastructure element allows also the evaluation of options or management. An important achievement of the monograph is the use of the fuzzy clustering method to calibrate the parameters of the evaluation functions, and use of the genetic algorithms, as the modern and effective tools for solving the problems of infrastructure element evaluation. The examples demonstrate the usefulness and effectiveness of the constructed model, the author’s method of evaluation, also against the background of previous methods, and including the constructed computer tools. In addition, it is shown that by modifying the specific elements of the method, such as: weights, the parameters of the evaluation functions and their forms, take into account the different degrees of priority to certain groups of users formulated according to their preferences and expectations of policymakers.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

infrastruktura drogowa; grupy użytkowników; grupowanie rozmyte; algorytmy genetyczne; priorytety; funkcje satysfakcji; funkcje akceptacji

• Wydawca: Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
• Czasopismo: Prace Naukowe Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Monografie
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 56, nr 24
• Strony: 1--168
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 316 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Kruszyna M.

• Instytut Inżynierii Lądowej Politechniki Wrocławskiej, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław

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