Terrigenous organic matter and formation of siderite in the Bathonian Ore-Bearing Clay Formation at Gnaszyn, Poland : a petrochemical study

• Autorzy: Lis Kacper , Wojtulek Piotr , Lis Grzegorz , Jelonek Iwona

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.14241/asgp.2022.09

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Bathonian Ore-Bearing Clay Formation, outcropping in the Gnaszyn open-pit mine at Częstochowa (Poland), includes several horizons of abundant iron carbonate concretions. The cores of the concretionary bodies commonly contain organic matter (OM), dominated by fragments of wood. These organic particles usually display well-preserved primary structures and occur rarely as more deformed and/or completely degraded fragments. Their original structures are frequently replaced by or filled with secondary mineralization, mostly represented by pyrite. The maceral composition of the OM of the wood fragments is dominated by huminite with subordinate inertinite and resinite. Vitrinite reflectance analyses revealed values lower than 0.45%. The total organic carbon content (TOC) displayed variable results between 2% and 18%. Rock-Eval analyses revealed low amounts of hydrogen (< 45 mg HC/g TOC) and relatively high amounts of oxygen (up to 136 mg CO₂/g TOC). Analysed samples contained small quantities of free hydrocarbons (S1 peak < 0.26 mg HC/g rock) as well as hydrocarbons, generated during pyrolysis (S2 peak < 7.05 mg HC/g rock). These features are characteristic for immature type IV kerogen of terrigenous origin. However, the maceral composition and frequent occurrence of siderite affecting the Rock-Eval parameters may indicate that the original kerogen belonged to type III. According to previous authors, the OM of terrigenous origin was delivered to well-oxygenated water of the palaeo-basin in the Częstochowa area. The present data indicate that intensive biodegradation of this OM at shallow burial depleted the oxygen supply within the sediment, driving the pore water into dys- or anoxic conditions. The activity of microorganisms in reducing iron and/or sulphates became the dominant biodegradation reaction, introducing Fe²⁺ and HCO₃- ions into the system. Negative δ¹³C values in the cortex of the concretions analysed indicate that the bicarbonate consumed in siderite precipitation was supplied by this microbial activity. The reducing microenvironments developed in the sediment and wood fragments acted as nucleation sites for siderite precipitation.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

organic matter; kerogen; siderite concretions; microbial decay; Jurassic

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
• Czasopismo: Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 92, No. 3
• Strony: 295--312
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 78 poz., fot., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Lis Kacper

• University of Wrocław, The Institute of Geological Sciences, pl. Maksa Borna 9, 50-204 Wrocław, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3804-3626

autor

Wojtulek Piotr

• University of Wrocław, The Institute of Geological Sciences, pl. Maksa Borna 9, 50-204 Wrocław, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8359-4737

autor

Lis Grzegorz

• University of Wrocław, The Institute of Geological Sciences, pl. Maksa Borna 9, 50-204 Wrocław, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5796-7798

autor

Jelonek Iwona

• University of Silesia, The Institute of Earth Sciences, ul. Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9876-9007

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2024)