The need for proper management leading to the sustainability of the Kelani River and its lower basin

• Autorzy: Manage Pathmalal , Mahagamage Yohan L. , Ajward Roshan , Amaratunge Sampath , Amarathunga Visitha I.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/jwld.2020.135026

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Kelani River is the second largest watershed in Sri Lanka and the main water-supply intake point for the Greater Colombo. The present study focuses to identify the sources of pollutants of the meandering zone of the Kelani River, particularly due to the absence of more recent information. Accordingly, a survey was conducted to obtain information on industrial discharges, anthropological, and social activities within the area of 15 m from left and right banks of the river. The high contaminations (total and faecal coliform – 1100 MPN∙(100 cm³)^–1; COD – 10 mg∙dm^–3; BOD – 4 mg∙dm^–3) of surface and groundwater are corroborated with the results obtained via the demographic and land usage statistics. Industrial pollutant sources and harmful anthropological practices were identified as major threats to the river basin. In this survey, agriculture and land degradation were identified as issues due to improper land use management. As policy recommendations based on the results of the study, it was identified that the awareness for Kelani River protection should be increased; monitoring and evaluation of the Kelani River basin under a management plan should be implemented; and stakeholder and private partnerships contribution to the sustainability of the Kelani River basin should be established.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Kelani River basin; lower river basin; pollution sources; proper management; strategic plan; sustainability

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: no. 47
• Strony: 10--15
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Manage Pathmalal

• University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Gangodawila, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

autor

Mahagamage Yohan L.

• Open University of Sri Lanka, Centre for Environmental Studies and Sustainable Development, Colombo, Nawala, Sri Lanka; University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Centre for Water Quality and Algae Research, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

autor

Ajward Roshan

• University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, Department of Accounting, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

autor

Amaratunge Sampath

• University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Faculty of Management Studies and Commerce, Department of Business Economics, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka

autor

Amarathunga Visitha I.

• The University of Melbourne, Faculty of Business Economics, Melbourne, Australia

Bibliografia

• AREWGODA C.M. 1986. Pollution due to heavy metals in Kelaniya area. In: Some aspects of the chemistry of the environment of Sri Lanka p. 161–165.
• BOUWER H. 2000. Integrated water management: emerging issues and challenges. Agricultural Water Management. Vol. 45. Iss. 3 p. 217–228.
• CEA 2015. Water quality in Kelani River introduction [online]. Colombo. Central Environmental Authority. [Access 03.04.2018]. Available at: www.cea.lk/web/index.php/en/water?id=160/
• DHI 1999. Western river basins sector project. Phase 1 report. Annex 1. River Basin Assessments (June 1999). Hørsholm. Danish Hydraulic Institute.
• DE SILVA M.M.G.T., WEERAKOON S.B., HERATH S., RATNAYAKE U.R. 2012. Event based flood modeling in lower Kelani basin. In: SAITM Research Symposium on Engineering Advancements. Colombo. SAITM p. 27–28.
• Department of Census and Statistics 2017. Population and housing [online]. [Access 03.04.2018]. Available at: http://www.statistics.gov.lk/PopHouSat/VitalStatistics/MidYearPopulation/Midyear%20population%20by%20age%20group.pdf
• DISSANAYAKE C.B., GUNATILAKA L. (eds.) 1985. Some aspects of the chemistry of the environment of Sri Lanka. Colombo. Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science pp. 65.
• ILLEPERUMA O.A. 2000. Environmental pollution in Sri Lanka: A review. Journal of the National Science Foundation Sri Lanka. Vol. 28. Iss. 4 p. 301–325. DOI 10.4038/jnsfsr. v28i4.2644.
• KARR J.R. 1991. Biological integrity: a long-neglected aspect of water resource management. Ecological Applications. Vol. 1 p. 66–84.
• MAHAGAMAGE M.G.Y.L., CHINTHAKA S.D.M., MANAGE P.M. 2016a. Assessment of water quality index for groundwater in the Kelani River basin, Sri Lanka. International Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Research. Vol. 5. Iss. 2 p. 1158–1171.
• MAHAGAMAGE M.G.Y.L., MANAGE P.M. 2014. Water quality index (CCME-WQI) based assessment study of water quality in Kelani River Basin, Sri Lanka. International Journal of Environment and Natural Resources. Vol. 1 p. 199–204.
• MAHAGAMAGE M.G.Y.L., MANAGE P.M. 2015. Mapping spatial distribution of water quality parameters of groundwater in the Kelani River basin using GIS. In: Proceedings of 12th International Conference on Environmental Science and Development (ICESD). Singapore. Vol. 1 p. 10–14.
• MAHAGAMAGE M.G.Y.L., MANAGE P.M. 2018. Socio-economic background of the head and transitional regions of the Kelani River Basin, Sri Lanka. Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environmental Sciences. Vol. 20. Iss. 3 p. 744–756.
• MAHAGAMAGE M.G.Y.L., PATHIRAGE S, MANAGE P.M. 2016b. Occurrence of pathogenic bacteria and water quality of the surface water in the Kelani River basin. Sri Lanka. In: Proceedings of the Twenty second Scientific Sessions of the Sri Lanka Association for Fisheries and Aquatic Resources [online]. Auditorium of National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency. 20.05.2016 Colombo, Sri Lanka. [Access 10.12.2019]. Available at: http://dr.lib.sjp.ac.lk/handle/123456789/6136
• MAHAGAMAGE M., PATHIRAGE M., MANAGE P.M. 2020 Contamination Status of Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. and Campylobacter spp. in surface and groundwater of the Kelani River Basin, Sri Lanka. Water. Vol. 12, 2187. DOI 10.3390/ w12082187.
• MALLAWATANTRI A., RODRIGO A., K. DE SILVA. 2016. Medium to Long-term Multi-Stakeholder Strategy and Action Plan for Management and Conservation of Kelani River Basin. Colombo. Central Environment Authority and International Union for the Conservation of Nature Sri Lanka Country Office pp. 153.
• MANAGE P.M., WIJESINGHE L.P.R.J. 2009. Heavy metal contamination levels in Kelani River. Colombo. Institute of Biology, Sri Lanka pp. 33.
• MANAGE P.M., MAHAGAMAGE M.G.Y.L., PATHIRAGE S. 2017. Seasonal variation of pathogenic bacteria and the ground water quality of the Kelani River basin, Sri Lanka. 4th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Approaches (ICMA). Colombo. University of Sri Jayewardenepura p. 172. Sri Lanka Survey Department undated. Maps and Geo information. Survey informatory [online]. [Access 10.12.2016]. Available at: https://www.survey.gov.lk/sdweb/pages_more_feature.php?id=3de826c0fd66f54a700c6b497c14ae1c113d28ee

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).