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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Reservoir condensate blockage in the reservoir and in particular in the close vicinity of the wellbore may result in significant loss of well deliverability for medium to tight gas reservoirs. The dynamics of fluid flow in these types of reservoirs are investigated by way of analytical description and by numerical simulation of radial two phase flow behavior. The analytical model is based on a single phase semi steady-state solution, being revised for two phase flow of gas and condensate oil. As the liquid is dropping out of the gas, a saturation distribution of immovable oil is seen to develop radially in the reservoir with time. Condensed oil not being part of this saturation distribution is produced to the surface. The numerical model is a cylindrical, single well, fine gridded, simulation model run on the Eclipse E300 compositional simulator. The base case study comprises a rich gas condensate fluid (GOR ~ 1000 Sm3/Sm3), an initial gas-in-place volume of 750 MSm3, and reservoir permeability of 10 mD. A gas flow rate of 0.5 MSm3/day is leading to a production period of about 4 years. A comparative study is performed by varying parameters such as pressure development, development of bank of immovable oil both radially and as function of time, condensate blockage effects, and gas and condensate oil production and onset of reduced well deliverability. Sensitivity analysis are performed by studying variation in the productivity index, non-Darcy and mechanical skin, and sensitivities related to permeability. It has been confirmed in this study that condensate blockage has a direct and negative impact on well deliverability, where both the plateau period and the bottom hole pressure are reduced. We also show that the analytical model compares well with the numerical models and that many features describing gas-condensate banking and well deliverability are adequately described in the model. The analytical model also offers insight into the process of reservoir liquid storage in gas condensate reservoirs.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
259--289
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 21 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
Bibliografia
- [1] Dake L.: The Practice of Reservoir Engineering. Developments in Petroleum Science, 36. Elsevier, 1994.
- [2] Danesh A.: PVT and Phase Behavior of Petroleum Reservoir Fluids. Elsevier, 1998. ISBN 0-44-82196-1.
- [3] Afidick D., Kaczorowski N., Bette S.: Production performance of a retrograde gas reservoir: A case study of the Arun Field. SPE-28749-MS. In: SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference, Melbourne, Australia, 7–10 November 1994.
- [4] Hinchman S., Barree R.: Productivity loss in gas condensate reservoirs. SPE 14203. In: SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Las Vegas, NV, 1985.
- [5] Vo D., Jones J., Raghavan R.: Performance prediction for gas condensate reservoirs. SPE Formation Eualuation, 1989.
- [6] Barnum R., Brinkman F., Richardson T.: Gas condensate reservoir behaviour: Productivity and recovery reduction due to condensation. SPE-30767-MS. In: SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, Dallas, Texas, 22–25 October 1995.
- [7] Whitson C., Kuntadi A.: Khuff gas condensate development. IPTC 10692. In: International Petroleum Technology Conference, Doha, Qatar,2005.
- [8] Allen F., Roe R.: Performance characteristics of a volumetric condensate reservoir. Petroleum Transactions. AIME, 1950.
- [9] Abel W., Jackson R., Wattenbarger R.: Simulation of a partial pressure maintenance gas cycling project with a compositional model, Carson Creek Field, Alberta. JPT, 1970.
- [10] Fevang Ø., Whitson C.: Modeling gas-condensate well deliverability. SPE Reservoir Engineering, 1996.
- [11] Narayanaswamy G., Pope, G., Sharma, M.: Predicting gas condensate well productivity using capillary number and non-Darcy effects. SPE-51910-MS. In: SPE Reservoir Simulation Symposium, Houston, Texas, 1999.
- [12] Narayanaswamy G., Sharma M., Pope G.: Effect of heterogeneity on the non-Darcy flow coefficient. SPE Res Eval & Eng., SPE-56881-PA,1999.
- [13] Coles M., Hartman K.: Non-Darcy measurements in dry core and the effect of immobile liquid. SPE-39977-MS. In: SPE Gas Technology Symposium, Calgary, Alberta, 1998.
- [14] Kumar R.: Productivity improvement in gas condensate reservoirs through fracturing. M.Sc. thesis, University of Texas, Austin 2000.
- [15] Ursin J.: Linear dynamics of gas condensate well deliverability. Transport in Porous Media, vol. 70, 2007, pp. 375–406.
- [16] Lee A., Gonzales M., Eakin B.: The viscosity of natural gases. Gas Technology, SPE Preprint Series, 1(13), 1977.
- [17] Whitson C., Brule M.: Phase Behauior. SPE Monograph Series. Society of Petroleum Engineers Inc., 2000.
- [18] Brooks R., Corey A.: Hydraulic properties of porous media. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 1964.
- [19] Blom S., Hagoort J.: How to include the capillary number in gas condensate relative permeability functions? SPE 49268. In: 1998 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in New Orleans, Louisiana, 27–30 September 1998.
- [20] Whitson C., Fevang, O., Saevareide A.: Gas condensate relative permeabilty for well claculations. SPE 56476. Presented at the 1999 Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition held in Houston, Texas, 3–6 October, 1999.
- [21] Ursin J.: Fluid flow in gas condensate reservoirs: the interplay of forces and their relative strengths. Journal of Petroleum Science & Engineering, 41, 2004, pp. 253–267.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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