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Wars in the later 21st century: Forecast developments in the methods of warfare

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Objectives: This paper attempts to forecast the future of warfare methods in the forthcoming decades of the 21st century. The predictions reflect on the current trends observed in the development of military and civil (dual-use) technologies and changes in thought constructs developed for hostilities. Methods: Empirical and theoretical research methods were utilised in the study. The research data, obtained from the review of source materials, were subsequently subjected to examination through analysis, synthesis and comparison. Results: The methods of warfare at the turn of the 21st century are likely to reflect the technological evolution of the modern age. Considering the present-day trends, there is a good probability that our technology-driven lives will transform people into hybrids of biological organisms merged with the technological environment, integrated with the body. Therefore, hostile action against human soldiers could be taken on three major levels: the biological organism, the mass communication technology integrated into the body, and the mental level – both in the conscious and the subconscious sphere. The study into how the soldier’s mental sphere can be influenced to anticipate and shape behaviours may contribute to further research on the third level impact on enemy soldiers. Conclusions: The conclusions formulated in this analysis may carry significant implications for the works on an innovative methodology of the future warfare, accounting for the technological progress in the next decades of the 21st century, and a methodology for countering future military threats.
Rocznik
Strony
21--31
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 27 poz.
Twórcy
  • Faculty of Logistics, Military University of Technology, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Założenia do projektów w Konkursie nr 1/PS/2014, 2014. Zatwierdzony przez Ministra Nauki i Szkolnictwa Wyższego program strategiczny pn. „Nowe systemy uzbrojenia i obrony w zakresie energii skierowanej”, Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju, Available from https://www.ncbr.gov.pl/filead... [Accessed 12 Apr 2019].
  • 2. Bielawski, R., 2019. Środki hipersoniczne jako współczesne zagrożenie bezpieczeństwa narodowego. Analiza stanu badań. Kwartalnik Bellona, 1(696), 53-67.
  • 3. Bigley, A.N. and Raushel, F.M., 2019. The evolution of phosphotriesterase for decontamination and detoxification of organophosphorus chemical warfare agents, Chemico-Biological Interactions, (308), 80–88, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbi.....
  • 4. Blokh, I. and Alxendrov V., 2016. Psychological Warfare Analysis Using Network Science Approach, Procedia Computer Science, (80), 1856–1864, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proc....
  • 5. Burmaoglu, S. and Saritas, O., 2017. Changing characteristics of warfare and the future of Military R&D, Technological Forecasting and Social Change, (116), 151–161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tech....
  • 6. Chen, H., Zheng, B., Shen, L., Wang, H., Zhang, X., Zheludev, N.I., and Zhang, B., 2013. Ray-optics cloaking devices for large objects in incoherent natural light, Nature Communications, 4 (2652), https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms....
  • 7. Cieślarczyk, M. ed., 2006. Metody, techniki i narzędzia badawcze oraz elementy statystyki stosowane w pracach magisterskich i doktorskich, Warsaw: Akademia Obrony Narodowej.
  • 8. Crouch, I.G., 2019. Body armour – New materials, new systems, Defence Technology, 3 (15), 241–253, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dt.2....
  • 9. Esch, P., Northey, G., Striluk, M., and Wilson, H., 2017. Autonomous weapon systems: Is a space warfare manual required?, Computer Law & Security Review, 3 (33), 382–389, https://www.sciencedirect.com/....
  • 10. Górnikiewicz, M., 2013. Evolution of the US PSYOP products’ effectiveness during Vietnam War 1965–1969, Security and Defence Quarterly, https://doi.org/10.5604/230087....
  • 11. Górnikiewicz, M., and Szczurek, T., 2018. Social Media Wars The R-evolution Has Just Begun, Warsaw: Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna.
  • 12. Górnikiewicz, M., 2018. Prognozowanie kulturowe zagrożeń bezpieczeństwa narodowego i międzynarodowego, Warsaw: Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna.
  • 13. Ha, Q.P., Yen, L., and Balaguer, C., 2019., Robotic autonomous systems for earthmoving in military applications, Automation in Construction, 107, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autc....
  • 14. Mizokami, K., 2019. The Navy Just Ordered the ‘Orca,’ an Extra-Large Unmanned Submarine by Boeing [online]. Popular Mechanics. Available from: https://www.popularmechanics.c... [Accessed 14 Feb 2019].
  • 15. Mudie, K.L, Roynton, A.C., Karakolis, T., O’Donovan, M.P, Kanagaki, G.B., Crowell, H.P., Begg, R.K., LaFiandra, M.E., and Billing, D.C., 2018. Consensus paper on testing and evaluation of military exoskeletons for the dismounted combatant, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 11 (21), 1154–1161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsam....
  • 16. Nadolski, M. and Fairbanks, J., 2019. Complex systems analysis of hybrid warfare, Procedia Computer Science, (153), 210–217, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proc....
  • 17. Osorio, A. and Pinto, A., 2019., Information, uncertainty and the manipulability of artificial intelligence autonomous vehicles systems, International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, (130), 40–46, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhc....
  • 18. Pickrell, R., 2019. US Army soldiers will soon be armed with these game-changing drones that fit in the palm of your hand [online]. Business Insider. Available from: https://www.businessinsider.co... [Accessed 07 Feb 2019].
  • 19. Robinson, M., Jones, K., and Janicke, H., 2015. Cyber warfare: Issues and challenges, Computers & Security, (49), 70–94, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cose....
  • 20. Saalbach, K.P., 2019. Biological Warfare, Encyclopedia of Microbiology (Fourth Edition), 520–525, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0....
  • 21. Straub, J., 2019. Mutual assured destruction in information, influence and cyber warfare: Comparing, contrasting and combining relevant scenarios, Technology in Society, (59), https://www.sciencedirect.com/....
  • 22. Sullenberger, R.M., Kaushik, S., and Wynn, C.M., 2019. Photoacoustic communications: delivering audible signals via absorption of light by atmospheric H2O, Opt. Lett., 3 (44), 622–625, 2019, https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.44.....
  • 23. Świerszcz, K. and Ćwik, B., 2018. Perception of warning signals in organizational security management systems, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 176, Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Management, Education and Social Science (ICMESS 2018), 23–24 June 2018, Qingdao, 478–482, https://doi.org/10.2991/icmess....
  • 24. Świerszcz, K., 2017. Integration of organizational culture for company’s customers and employees, Economics and Management Innovations (ICEMI), 1(1), 316–319, https://doi.org/10.26480/icemi....
  • 25. Szczurek, T., 2019., Wyzwania dla bezpieczeństwa – niepewna przyszłość – między zagrożeniami a szansami, Warsaw: Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna.
  • 26. Wang, S-Y, Liu, S-B, Guo, Y-N, and Ghan, Ch., 2013. A v-shaped cavity camouflage coating, Optics & Laser Technology, (45), 666–670, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optl....
  • 27. Wrzosek, M., 2018. Wojny przyszłości, Doktryna, technika i operacje militarne, Warsaw: Fronda.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-4f29aa6c-a1e9-4b73-9571-721920f8ca96
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