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Variations of Earth’s oblateness (J2) reflect a large scale mass redistribution within the Earth system. The climate effect causing J2 interannual variations is still not clear, though previous studies indicated it may be related to El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). However, we have a new discovery of the significant Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) signals in J2 interannual variations, especially on 4–6 year scales based on cross wavelet and wavelet coherence analysis with 95% confidence test during 1979–2012. The results additionally indicate that the close phase relationship between J2 and AAO (AAO leading J2 variations by 3 ± 2 months in phase) is far superior to that between J2 and ENSO/PDO on 4–6 year scales. In this work, we discuss, for the first time, a possible geophysical mechanism of AAO effecting J2 variations. The investigations are based on the definition of AAO and its spatial-temporal behavior influencing the large-scale mass movement. Finally, an approximate quantitative estimate of the AAO imprint on J2 with an emphasis on the atmospheric contribution is made.
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
635--644
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 27 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
autor
- nstitute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Geodesy and Earth’s Dynamics, Wuhan, China
autor
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservori Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
autor
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Bibliografia
- 1. Chao BF, Au AY (1991) Temporal variations of the Earth’s low-degree zonal gravitational field caused by atmospheric mass redistribution: 1980–1988. J Geophys Res 96(B4):6569–6575
- 2. Chao BF, Eanes RJ (1995) Global gravitational changes due to atmospheric mass redistribution as observed by the lageos nodal residual. Geophys J Int 122(3):755–764
- 3. Chao BF, Au AY, Boy JP, Cox CM (2003) Time-variable gravity signal of an anomalous redistribution of water mass in the extratropic Pacific during 1998–2002. Geochem Geophys Geosyst 4(11):1096. doi:10.1029/2003GC000589
- 4. Chen JL, Wilson CR (2008) Low degree gravity changes from GRACE, Earth rotation, geophysical models, and satellite laser ranging. J Geophys Res 113:B0642. doi:10.1029/2007JB005397
- 5. Chen JL, Wilson CR, Hu XG, Tapley BD (2003) Large-scale mass redistribution in the oceans, 1993–2001. Geophys Res Lett 30(20):2024. doi:10.1029/2003GL018048
- 6. Cheng MK, Tapley BD (1999) Seasonal variations in low degree zonal harmonics of the Earth’s gravity field from satellite laser ranging observations. J Geophys Res 104:2667–2681
- 7. Cheng MK, Tapley BD (2004) Variations in the Earth’s oblateness during the past 28 years. J Geophys Res 109:B09402. doi:10.1029/2004JB003028
- 8. Cheng MK, Tapley BD, Ries JC (2013) Deceleration in the Earth’s oblateness. J Geophys Res 118:740–747. doi:10.1002/jgrb.50058
- 9. Cox CM, Chao BF (2002) Detection of a large-scale mass redistribution in the terrestrial system since 1998. Science 297:831–833
- 10. Dickey JO, Marcus SL, Viron OD, Fukumori I (2002) Recent Earth oblateness variations: unraveling climate and postglacial rebound effects. Science 298:1975–1977
- 11. Dong D, Gross RS, Dickey JO (1996) Seasonal variations of the Earth’s gravitational field: an analysis of atmospheric and ocean tidal excitation. Geophys Res Lett 23:725–728
- 12. Gong DY, Wang SW (1998) Antarctic oscillation: concept and application. Chin Sci Bull 43(9):734–738
- 13. Gong DY, Wang SW (1999) Definition of Antarctic oscillation index. Geophys Res Lett 26(4):459–462
- 14. Grinsted A, Moore JC, Jevrejeva S (2004) Application of the cross wavelet transform and wavelet coherence to geophysical time series. Nonlinear Process Geophys 11:561–566
- 15. Hamlington BD, Leben RR, Strassburg MW, Nerem RS, Kim KY (2013) Contribution of the Pacific Oscillation to global mean sea level trends. Geophys Res Lett 40:5171–5175. doi:10.1002/grl.50950
- 16. Hu XG, Liu LT, Hinderer J, Sun HP (2005) Wavelet filter analysis of local atmospheric pressure effects on gravity variations. J Geodyn 79:447–459
- 17. Jevrejeva S, Moore JC, Grinsted A (2003) Influence of the Arctic Oscillation and EI Niño-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) on ice conditions in the Baltic Sea: the wavelet approach. J Geophys Res 108:4677. doi:10.1029/2003JD003417
- 18. Jin SG, Zhang XG (2012) Variations and geophysical excitations of Earth’s dynamic oblateness estimated from GPS, OBP and GRACE. Chin Sci Bull 57:3484–3492. doi:10.1360/972011-1934
- 19. Kwok R, Comiso JC (2002) Spatial patterns of variability in Antarctic surface temperature: connections to the southern Hemispheric Annular Mode and the Southern Oscillation. Geophys Res Lett 29(14):1705. doi:10.1029/2002GL015415
- 20. Landerer FW, Jungclaus JH, Marozke J (2008) EI Niño-Southern Oscillation signals in sea level, surface mass redistribution, and degree-two geoid coefficients. J Geophys Res 113:C08014. doi:10.1029/2008JC004767
- 21. Liu JP, Curry JA, Martinson DG (2004) Interpretation of recent Antarctic sea ice variability. Geophys Res Lett 31:L02205. doi:10.1029/2003GL018732
- 22. Liu LT, Hsu HT, Grafarend EW (2005) Wavelet coherence analysis of length-of-day variations and EI Niño-Southern Oscillation. J Geodyn 39:267–275
- 23. Meyssignac B, Lemoine JM, Cheng M, Cazenave A, Gégout P, Maisongrande P (2013) Interannual variations in degree-2 Earth’s gravity coefficients C 20, C 2,2, and S 2,2 reveal large-scale mass transfers of climatic origin. Geophys Res Lett 40:1–6. doi:10.1002/grl.50772
- 24. Nerem RS, Wahr J (2011) Recent changes in the Earth’s oblateness driven by Greenland and Antarctic ice mass loss. Geophys Res Lett 38:L13501. doi:10.1029/2011GL047879
- 25. Torrence C, Compo GP (1998) A practical guide to wavelet analysis. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 79:61–78
- 26. Yoder CF, Williams JG, Dickey JO, Schutz BE, Eanes RJ, Tapley BD (1983) Secular variations of Earth’s gravitational harmonic J 2 coefficient from Lageos and nontidal acceleration of earth rotation. Nature 303:757–762
- 27. Zhou TJ, Yu RC (2004) Sea-surface temperature induced variability of the Southern Annular mode in an atmospheric general circulation model. Geophys Res Lett 31:L24206. doi:10.1029/2004GL021473
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Bibliografia
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