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Warianty tytułu
Wpływ eksploatacji na stan warstwy wierzchniej kół i szyn tramwajowych
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Trams have become a constant in the landscape of many European metropolises in recent decades. The aim of presented research was to evaluate material changes in the surface layer of Siemens Combino, Konstal 105Na, Moderus Beta and Duewag GT tram wheels and rails as a consequence of wheel and rail exploitation in Poznan agglomeration. Microscopic study and hardness measurement were performed. The surface layer of tram wheel was highly deformed, particularly on the top of the wheel flange and under the rolling surface. In the tram wheel so-called overhangs on the top of the wheel flange and on the outer part of the rolling surface were found. Plastic deformation caused an increase of hardness in comparison to the core material. Hardness increase in case of the top of the wheel flange (even 60%) was bigger than in case of the rolling surface (up to 30%). It was also found that the longer approximate total mileage of the wheel was, the higher hardness increase of the surface layer was. ‘White layer’ as a result of presence of higher temperature during exploitation caused by friction was observed. Hard (even 2.5-times harder than the core material) and brittle layer can cause cracks. In case of Moderus Beta and Konstal 105Na wheels in the part from their frontal side decarbonization was noticed. It was stated that decarbonization is also present in the new wheel. It means that it is a defect of PST type wheel production. An area with so low hardness (below 100 HV0.1) could cause faster deformation and wear of whole wheel. A deformation in the surface layer were also revealed in rails. It was observed even in the coating area generated by welding — slip lines in austenite and martensite phase presence. Some recommendations for better wheel exploitation for Poznan Public Transport Company were also determined.
Celem badań było określenie zmian, jakie zaszły w warstwie wierzchniej wybranych kół tramwajowych oraz szyn aglomeracji poznańskiej wynikające z ich eksploatacji. Lepsze zrozumienie zjawisk zachodzących na styku koła z szyną powinno przyczynić się do zwiększenia bezpieczeństwa transportu tramwajowego, a także do zmniejszenia kosztów obsługi.
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
189--197
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 14 poz., fig., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Poznań
autor
- Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Poznań
autor
- Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Combustion Engines and Transport, Poznań
autor
- Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Poznań
autor
- Poznan University of Technology, Institute of Machines and Motor Vehicles, Poznań
Bibliografia
- 1. Trzaska Z.: Modeling of energy processes in wheel-rail contacts operating under influence of periodic discontinuous forces. Journal of Transportation Technologies 2 (2012) 129÷143.
- 2. Lewis R., Olofsson U.: Mapping rail wear regimes and transitions. Wear 257 (7-8) (20040 721÷729.
- 3. Olofsson U., Andersson S., Björklund S.: Simulation of mild wear in boundary lubricated spherical roller thrust bearings. Wear 241 (2000) 180÷185.
- 4. Enblom R.: Deterioration mechanisms in the wheel–rail interface with focus on wear prediction: a literature review. Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility 47 (6) (2009) 661÷700.
- 5. Kwaśnikowski J., Małdziński L., Borowski J., Firlik B., Gramza G.: Analiza przyczyn przyspieszonego zużycia powierzchni tocznych kół autobusu szynowego SA 108 (215M). Pojazdy szynowe 2 (2007) 1÷13.
- 6. Takahashi J., Kawakami K., Ueda M.: Atom probe tomography analysis of the white etching layer in a rail track surface. Materialia Acta 58 (2010) 3602÷3612.
- 7. Barbacki A., Jóźwiak K., Dynak K.: Biała warstwa — próba definicji, warunki powstawania, właściwości. Inżynieria Materiałowa 27 (5) (2006) 862÷867.
- 8. Jir’askov’a Y., Svoboda J., Shcneeweiss W., Daves O., Fisher F. D.: Microscopic investigation of layers on rails. Appl. Surf. Sci. 239 (2005) 132÷141.
- 9. Paczkowska M., Wojciechowski Ł., Kinal G., Ostrowska K., Okoniewicz P.: Analiza efektów zużywania się wybranych obręczy kół tramwajowych w aglomeracji poznańskiej. Inżynieria Materiałowa 6 (2015) 391÷395.
- 10. Ahlstrom J., Karlsson B.: Microstructural evaluation and interpretation of the mechanically and thermally affected zone under railway wheel flats. Wear 232 (1999) 1÷14.
- 11. Garnham J. E., Davis C. L.: The role of deformed rail microstructure on the rolling contact fatigue initiation. Wear 265 (2008) 1363÷1372.
- 12. Zając G., Jurga S.: Badania trwałości obręczy kół tramwajowych eksploatowanych w MPK S.A. w Krakowie. Problemy Eksploatacji 2 (2009) 139.
- 13. Kuminek T., Aniołek K. Młyńczak J.: A numerical analysis of the contact stress distribution and physical modelling of abrasive wear in the tram wheel-frog system. Wear 328-329 (2015) 177÷185.
- 14. Balitskii A., Kolesnikov V., Kubicki J.: High manganese doped iron-carbon alloys — a promising material for parts in railway transport working under wearing condition. Industrial and Tourist Transport, Lviv 2 (2003) 54÷59.
Uwagi
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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