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The paper reports the results of work leading to the construction of a spatial thermo-mechanical model based on the finite element method allowing the computer simulation of physical phenomena accompanying the steel sample testing at temperatures that are characteristic for the soft-reduction process. The proposed numerical model is based upon a rigid-plastic solution for the prediction of stress and strain fields, and the Fourier-Kirchhoff equation for the prediction of temperature fields. The mushy zone that forms within the sample volume is characterized by a variable density during solidification with simultaneous deformation. In this case, the incompressibility condition applied in the classic rigid-plastic solution becomes inadequate. Therefore, in the presented solution, a modified operator equation in the optimized power functional was applied, which takes into account local density changes at the mechanical model level (the incompressibility condition was replaced with the condition of mass conservation). The study was supplemented with examples of numerical and experimental simulation results, indicating that the proposed model conditions, assumptions, and numerical models are correct.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
17--28
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 33 poz., fot., tys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Cracow, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] Haga, T. & Suzuki, S.(2003). Study on high-speed twin-roll caster for aluminum alloys. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 144(1), 895-900. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00400-X.
- [2] Haga, T., Tkahashi, K., Ikawa, M., et al. (2004). Twin roll casting of aluminum alloy strips. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 154(2), 42-47. DOI: 10.1016/j. jmatprotec.2004.04.018.
- [3] Hojny, M. (2018).Modeling steel deformation in the semi-solid state. Switzerland: Springer.
- [4] Zhang, L., Shen, H., Rong, Y., et al. (2007). Numerical simulation on solidification and thermal stress of continuous casting billet in mold based on meshless methods. Materials Science and Engineering. 466(1-2), 71-78. DOI: 10.1016/ j.msea.2007.02.103.
- [5] Kalaki, A. & Ketabchi, M. (2013). Predicting the rheological behavior of AISI D2 semi-solid steel by plastic instability approach. American Journal of Materials Engineering and Technology. 1(3), 41-45. DOI: 10.12691/materials-1-3-3.
- [6] Hassas-Irani, S.B., Zarei-Hanzaki, A., Bazaz, B., Roostaei, A. (2013). Microstructure evolution and semi-solid deformation behavior of an A356 aluminum alloy processed by strain induced melt activated method. Materials and Design. 46, 579-587. DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2012.10.041.
- [7] Zhang, C., Zhao, S., Yan, G., Wang, Y. (2018). Deformation behaviour and microstructures of semi-solid A356.2 alloy prepared by radial forging process during high solid fraction compression. Journal of Engineering Manufacture. 232(3), 487, 498.
- [8] Wang, J. (2016). Deformation Behavior of Semi-Solid ZCuSn10P1 Copper Alloy during Isothermal Compression. Solid State Phenomena. 256, 31-38.
- [9] Shashikanth, C.H. & Davidson, M.J. (2015). Experimental and simulation studies on thixoforming of AA 2017 alloy. Mat. at High Temperatures. 32(6), 541-550. DOI: 10.1179/1878641314Y.0000000043.
- [10] Bharath, K., Khanra, A.K., Davidson, M.J. (2019). Microstructural Analysis and Simulation Studies of Semi-solid Extruded Al–Cu–Mg Powder Metallurgy Alloys (pp.101-114). Advances in Materials and Metallurgy:Springer.
- [11] Kang, C.G. & Yoon, J.H. (1997). A finite-element analysis on the upsetting process of semi-solid aluminum material. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 66(1-3), 76-84. DOI: 10.1016 / S0924-0136 (96) 02498-3.
- [12] Hostos, J.C.A., et al. (2018). Modeling the viscoplastic flow behavior of a 20MnCr5 steel grade deformed under hot-working conditions, employing a meshless technique. International Journal of Plasticity. 103, 119-142. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijplas.2018.01.005.
- [13] Kopp, R., Choi, J. & Neudenberger, D. (2003). Simple compression test and simulation of an Sn–15% Pb alloy in the semi-solid state. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 135(2), 317-323. DOI: 10.1016/S0924-0136(02)00863-4.
- [14] Modigell, M., Pape, L. & Hufschmidt, M. (2004). The Rheological Behaviour of Metallic Suspensions. Steel Research International. 75(3), 506-512. DOI: 10.1002/ srin.200405803.
- [15] Hufschmidt, M., Modigell, M. & Petera, J. (2004). Two-Phase Simulations as a Development Tool for Thixoforming Processes. Steel Research International. 75(3), 513-518. DOI: 10.1002/srin.200405804.
- [16] Jing, Y.L., Sumio, S. & Jun, Y. (2005). Microstructural evolution and flow stress of semi-solid type 304 stainless steel. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 161(3), 396-406. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.07.063.
- [17] Jin, S.D. & Hwan, O.K. (2002). Phase-field modelling of the thermo-mechanical properties of carbon steels. Acta Materialia. 50, 2259-2268. DOI: 10.1016/S1359-6454(02)00012-5.
- [18] Xiao, C., et al. (2013). Optimization Investigation on the Soft Reduction Parameters of Medium Carbon Microalloy. Materials Processing Fundamentals. Springer. 109-116. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-48197-5_12.
- [19] Han, Z., et al. (2010). Development and Application of Dynamic Soft-reduction Control Model to Slab Continuous Casting Process. ISIJ International. 50(11), 1637-1643. DOI: 10.2355/isijinternational.50.1637.
- [20] Li, Y., Li, L. & Zhang, J. (2017). Study and application of a simplified soft reduction amount model for improved internal quality of continuous casting. Steel Research International. 88(12), 1700176-1700219. DOI: 10.1002/srin.201700176.
- [21] Bereczki, P., et al. (2015). Different applications of the gleeble thermal–mechanical simulator in material testing, technology optimization, and process modeling. Materials Performance and Characterization 4. No. 3, 399-420. DOI: 10.1520/ MPC20150006.
- [22] Hojny, M., et al. (2019). Multiscale model of heating-remelting-cooling in the Gleeble 3800 thermo-mechanical simulator system. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 64(1), 401-412. DOI: 10.24425 / amm.2019.126266.
- [23] Pieja, T., et al. (2017). Numerical analysis of cooling system in warm metal forming process (pp. 261-266). Brno, Czech: Proceedings of the Metal.
- [24] Hojny, M. (2013). Thermo-mechanical model of a TIG welding process for the aircraft industry. Archives of Metallurgy and Materials. 58(4), 1125-1130.DOI: 10.2478/amm-2013-0136.
- [25] Hu, D. & Kovacevic, R. (2003). Sensing, modeling and control for laser-based additive manufacturing. Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture. 43, 51-60. DOI: 10.1016/S0890-6955(02)00163-3.
- [26] Ba Lan, T., et al. (2017). A new route for semi-solid steel forging. Manufacturing Technology. 66(1), 297-300. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirp.2017.04.111.
- [27] Głowacki, M. (2005). The mathematical modelling of thermo-mechanical processing of steel during multi-pass shape rolling. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 168, 336-343. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.12.007.
- [28] Lliboutry, L.A. (1987). The rigid-plastic model, Mechanics of Fluids and Transport Processes (pp. 379-410). Dordrecht: Springer.
- [29] Lenard, J.G., Pietrzyk, M., Cser, L. (1999). Mathematical and physical simulation of the properties of hot rolled products. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
- [30] Głowacki, M. (2012). Mathematical modeling and computer simulations of metal deformation - theory and practice (pp. 229-238). Kraków: AGH. (in Polish).
- [31] Jonsta. P., et al. (2015). Contribution to the thermal properties of selected steels. Metalurgija. 54(1), 187-190.
- [32] Szyczgioł, N. (1997). Równania krzepnięcia w ujęciu metody elementów skończonych. Solidification of Metals and Alloys. 30, 221-232.
- [33] Lewis, R.W, Roberts, P.M. (1987). Finite element simulation of solidification problems. Applied Scientific Research. 44, 61-92. DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-3617-1_6.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-4dc0000c-e08f-4776-8423-a25bd9ff5502