Changes in the Distribution of Air Pollutants (Carbon Monoxide) during the Control of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jakarta, Surabaya, and Yogyakarta, Indonesia

• Autorzy: Suhardono Sapta , Septiariva Iva Yenis , Rachmawati Siti , Matin Hashfi Hawali Abdul , Qona'ah Niswatul , Nirwana Bayu , Suryawan I. Wayan Koko , Sari Mega Mutiara , Prayogo Wisnu

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/159508

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The condition of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2020 characterizing DKI Jakarta, Surabaya, and Yogyakarta Provinces which have a high population density in 2019, necessitates implementing Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) to control or break the chain of the spread of COVID-19. The LSSR policy that limits community activities, be it business activities, transportation, and the industrial sector, will impact social activities and the environment due to the reduced intensity of community activities. Therefore, this study aimed to determine changes in the carbon monoxide (CO) levels in Jakarta, Surabaya and Yogyakarta during the pre-pandemic and during the pandemic. The method used is the tropospheric CO concentration extracted from the Sentinel-5P satellite data. The CO data were retrieved and calculated using Google Earth Engine. The COVID-19 pandemic reduced CO level by 19.7%, 14.9%, and 21%, respectively. The paired t-test shows no significant difference from before the COVID-19 pandemic, with a significance of 0.05. The highest pre-pandemic average and total CO concentration levels were 0.042 and 1.0198 mol/m² in Yogyakarta, respectively, whereas the lowest during the pandemic were 0.02845 and 0.6828 mol/m² in Surabaya. Overall, the three cities have a weak relationship between CO level and precipitation as well as temperatures and CO level.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

COVID-19 pandemic; carbon monoxide; Sentinel-5P; LSSR

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 24, nr 4
• Strony: 151--162
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 23 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Suhardono Sapta

• Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126 Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3978-4258

autor

Septiariva Iva Yenis

• Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126 Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8629-370X

autor

Rachmawati Siti

• Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126 Indonesia

autor

Matin Hashfi Hawali Abdul

• Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126 Indonesia

autor

Qona'ah Niswatul

• Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126 Indonesia

autor

Nirwana Bayu

• Department of Statistics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126 Indonesia

autor

Suryawan I. Wayan Koko

• Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure Planning, Universitas Pertamina, Komplek Universitas Pertamina, Jalan Sinabung II, Terusan Simprug, Jakarta, 12220, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-0430

autor

Sari Mega Mutiara

• Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Infrastructure Planning, Universitas Pertamina, Komplek Universitas Pertamina, Jalan Sinabung II, Terusan Simprug, Jakarta, 12220, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1736-687X

autor

Prayogo Wisnu

• Department of Civil Engineering, Universitas Negeri Medan, Medan, Indonesia

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).