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Sclero-topometry metrology in valorisation of waste oil for micro-machining of ductile cast iron

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
During the time, the specific characteristics and the efficient life time of oil progressively decrease, due to complex pollution, ultimately making the oil unsuitable for the initial applications. The strategy to regenerate and to valorise waste oils is investigated using improved combinations of sclerometric and topometric tests on ductile nodular cast iron. Tribo-abrasive tests are performed in critical conditions, with base oil, waste oil and regenerated oil, of similar viscosities in order to discriminate their interfacial performances. The forms of the scratch traces indicate wear resistance and tendency to elasto-plastic deformation. The mechanisms of deformation and frictional behaviours were evaluated using optical and Scanning Electron Microscopy and measured for various tribological conditions with tactile and optical profilometry. The Energy Dispersive X ray Spectroscopy completes the chemical superficial distribution of pertinent elements. The surface topography metrology is used to characterize the scratch profiles and to determine the volume of the displaced and removed material, as well as maximum pit height. The originality of this paper is that it is a unique approach specifically devoted to transformer oil concerning tribological conditions.
Rocznik
Strony
29--38
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes, 36 ave Guy de Collonges, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 69134 Ecully France; Sté Daffos et Baudasse, 61 rue Decomberousse, 69100 Villeurbanne, 04 72 37 51 60, France
autor
  • Poznan University of Technology, 3 Piotrowo 60-965 Poznan, Poland; Metallurgical Group CIF Ferry-Capitain, France
autor
  • Laboratoire de Tribologie et Dynamique des Systèmes, 36 ave Guy de Collonges, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 69134 Ecully France
Bibliografia
  • [1] Smolka, J. (2009). Numerical simulation and experimental validation of coupled flow, heat transfer and electromagnetic problems in electrical transformers. Arch Comput Methods Eng. 16, 319-355.
  • [2] Kubiak, K.J., Mathia, T.G. & Bigerelle, M. (2010). Methodology for safety design in fretted joints manufacturing subjected to vibration. Manufacturing. 24-26.
  • [3] Saha, T.K. (2003). Review of modern diagnostics techniques for assessing insulation condition in aged transformers. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation. 10(5).
  • [4] Denis, J., Brian, J. & Hipeaux, J.C. (1997). Physico-chimie des lubrifiants – analyses et essais. Editions Technip.
  • [5] Ouadou, M. & Mathia, T.G. (1991). Sclérométrie appliquée à la caractérisation des propriétés rhéologiques de surface. Les Cahiers de Rhéologie. 9, 29-33.
  • [6] ADEME (2010). La filière huiles usages, bilan de l’année 2009.
  • [7] Kubiak, A., Mathia, T.G., Kubiak, K.J, Bouvier, S. (2009). Multi-site& Multi-sensing industrial process monitoring devoted to valorization strategy for various origins used oils", Proceedings of What, Where, When, Multidimensional Advances for Industrial Process Monitoring International Symposium, Leeds 53-61.
  • [8] Erickson, M.D. & Laley, R.G. (2011). Applications of polychlorinated biphenyls. Environ SciPollut. Res. Int. 18. 135-151.
  • [9] ATSDR (2000). Toxicological profile for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). U.S. department of health and human services.
  • [10] ATSDR (2003). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) toxicity. U.S. department of health and human services.
  • [11] UNEP (2009). Measures to reduce or eliminate releases from intentional production and use: polychlorinated biphenyls. Stockolm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, UNEP/POPS/COP.4/9/Rev.1.
  • [12] Wu, W. (2005). A practical approach to the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls in transformer oil. Chemosphere. 60, 944-950.
  • [13] Ignaszak, Z. (2003). Nodular graphite degeneration in the post-inoculated ductile. Iron Internat. Jour. of Cast Metals Research. 16(1-3), 93-97.
  • [14] Ostberg, G. (2006). Perspectives on research on the formation of nodular graphite in cast iron. Materials and Design. 27, 1007-1015.
  • [15] Ignaszak, Z., Popielarski, P., Hajkowski, J., Prunier, J.B. (2012). Problem of acceptability of internal porosity in semifinished cast product as new trend – "tolerance of damage” present in modern design office, Proceedings of VII DSL Conference, Algarve, Portugal (2011).
  • [16] Konecna, R. (2011). Surface conditions and the fatigue behaviour of nodular cast iron. Procedia Engineering. 10, 2538-2543.
  • [17] Ninove, F.P., et al, (2010). 3D morphological behavior of heterogeneous model material in finishing abrasive process – case of nodular cast iron. Advances in Coordinate Metrology. 456-462.
  • [18] Mathia, T.G. & Encrenaz, E. (1981). Hysteresis in abrasive wear of brittle solids. Wear. 73(1), 77-80.
  • [19] Ouadou, M. & Mathia, T.G. (1988). La sclérométrie informatisée - Les Avantages Techniques - Les Difficultés Scientifiques - Perspectives d'une Normalisation pp, Le vide, les couches minces. 243, 21-27.
  • [20] Jardret, V.(1996). Apport des techniques sclérométriques à la caractérisation des comportements mécaniques des surfaces, Thèse de École Centrale de Lyon.
  • [21] Djamai, A., Zaidi, H., Chin, K.J. & Mathia, T.G. (2006). Damage identification of DLC coating by microscratch test. Scratching of Materials & Applications. 11, 223-231.
  • [22] Zaidi, H., Djamai, A., Chin, K.J. & Mathia, T.G. (2006). Characterisation of DLC coating adherence by scratch testing, Tribology International. 39, 124-128.
  • [23] Ouadou, M. & Mathia, T.G. (1991). Fully-ComputarizedSclero-Topometer for Simulations and Modelling of Abrasive Wear. Surface and Coating Technology. 45, 33-42.
  • [24] Bucaille, J.L, Felder, E. & Hochstetter, G. (2001). Mechanical analysis of the scratch test on elastic and perfectly plastic materials with the three-dimensional finite element modelling. Wear. 249, 422-432.
  • [25] Masen, M.A., De Rooij, M.B., Schipper, D.J., Adachi, K. & Kato, K.(2007). Single asperity abrasion of coated nodular cast iron. Tribology International. 40, 170-179.
  • [26] Ben, M., Kaya, T., Mezlini, S., El Mansori, M. & Zahouani, H. (2009). On some tribological effects of graphite nodules in wear mechanisms of SG cast iron: finite element and experimental analysis. Wear. 267, 535-539.
  • [27] Jardret,V., Zahouani, H., Loubet, J.L. & Mathia, T.G. (1998). Understanding and quantification of elastic and plastic deformation during a scratch test. Wear. 218, 8-14.
  • [28] Canabarro, A., Figueiredo, F., Paciornik, S. & De-Deus, G. (2009). Two and three dimensional profilometer assessments to determine titanium roughness. Scanning. 31, 174-179.
  • [29] Kubiak, K.J., Wilson, M.C.T., Mathia, T.G., & Carras S.(2011). Dynamics of contact line motion during the wetting of rough surface in correlation with topographical surface parameters. Scanning. 33, 370-377.
  • [30] Kubiak K.J. & Mathia T.G. (2009). Influence of roughness on contact interface in fretting under dry and boundary lubricated sliding regimes. Wear. 267, 315-321.
  • [31] Desa O. & Bahadur S.(1999). Material removal and subsurface damage studies in dry and lubricated single-point scratch tests on alumina and silicon nitride. Wear. 225-229, 1264-1275.
  • [32] Stout, J., Sullivan, P.J., Dong, W.P., Mainsah, E., Luo, N., Mathia, T.G., Zahouani, H. (1993). The development of methods for characterisation of roughness in three dimensions, Editors Commission of the European communities.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-4a93a2d5-ef1c-43ea-827b-01a2ea5aecc1
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