The comparison of forwarding conditions in countries with a civil law system

• Autorzy: Poliak Miloš , Salamakhina Ekaterina

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.14669/AM/158054

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The issue of creating international legislation capable of regulating the sphere of forwarding has been considered for quite a long time. The actively expanding volume of services provided by freight forwarders and the increasing blurring of its role and area of responsibility create problems in the mutual understanding of the participants in the client– forwarder – third party chain. The main obstacle to the implementation of an international legislative act is the difference in the laws and customs of individual countries. To identify these differences, the authors analyzed such factors as the range of services provided by the forwarder, the conditions of access to the forwarding market, the type of representation used by forwarders in the contract and the definition of the boundaries of the forwarder’s responsibility to the client. The analysis was carried out by studying national legal acts regulating the field of forwarding, as well as the general conditions of forwarding applied by members of national associations of forwarding and logistics in countries with a civil law system. The greatest difference was revealed in the field of conditions of access to the forwarding market, while the functionality of the forwarder, the types of representation used and the limits of responsibility of forwarders from different countries did not indicate any big differences. The result of the work is the conclusion that there are no critical differences in the work of freight forwarders of countries with a civil law system that can hinder the unification of forwarding conditions.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

freight forwarding law; freight forwarding conditions; transport law

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowego Instytutu Motoryzacji
• Czasopismo: Archiwum Motoryzacji
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: Vol. 98, nr 4
• Strony: 56--64
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 21 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Poliak Miloš

• Department of Road and Urban Transport, University of Zilina, Univerzitná 1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9149-2439

autor

Salamakhina Ekaterina

• Department of Road and Urban Transport, University of Zilina, Univerzitná 1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia

Bibliografia

• [1] Association of forwarding & logistics of the Czech Republic. General Conditions of Freight Forwarding 2014: https://www.svazspedice.cz/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/General-Conditions-of-Freight-Forwarding-2014.pdf (accessed on 03.12.2022).
• [2] Burkovskis S.: Efficiency of freight forwarder’s participation in the process of transportation. Transport. 2008, 23(3), 208–213, DOI: 10.3846/1648-4142.2008.23.208-213.
• [3] Clott C.B.: Ocean freight intermediaries: An analysis of non-vessel operating common carriers (NVOCC’s) and maritime reform. Transportation journal. 2000, 40(2), 7–26.
• [4] Fontaine M.: Law harmonization and local specificities - a case study: OHADA and the law of contracts. Uniform Law Review. 2013, 18(1), 50–64, DOI: 10.1093/ulr/unt001.
• [5] General conditions of the Nordic association of freight forwarders 2015: https://www.freja.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NSAB_2015_uk_1.pdf (accessed on 03.12.2022).
• [6] General Freight Forwarder’s conditions of Association of Logistics and Freight Forwarding of the Slovak Republic 2005: https://www.freja.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/NSAB_2015_uk_1.pdf (accessed on 03.12.2022).
• [7] Kilibarda M., Nikolicic S., Andrejic M.: Measurement of logistics service quality in freight forwarding companies A case study of the Serbian market. International journal of logistics management. 2016. 27(3), 770–794, DOI: 10.1108/IJLM-04-2014-0063.
• [8] Холопов К.В., Голубчик А.М.: О международном и российском опыте лицензирования деятельности экспедиторов и перевозчиков. Российский внешнеэкономический вестник. 2019, 11, 45–55. (in Russian: Kholopov K.V., Golubchik A.M.: O mezhdunarodnom i rossiyskom opyte litsenzirovaniya deyatel’nosti ekspeditorov i perevozchikov. Rossiyskiy vneshneekonomicheskiy vestnik. 2019, 11, 45–55).
• [9] Кокин А.С.: Транспортно-экспедиторские услуги при международной перевозке грузов [Электронный ресурс] Кокин А.С., Левиков Г.А.. Москва: Infotropic Media. 2011, 576 с. (in Russian: Kokin A.S.: Transportno-jekspeditorskie uslugi pri mezhdunarodnoj perevozke gruzov [Jelektronnyj resurs] Kokin A.S., Levikov G.A., Moskva).
• [10] Legifrance. Transport Code 2022: https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/codes/section_lc/LEGITEXT000023086525/LEGISCTA000028996737/#LEGISCTA000028996737 (accessed on 03.12.2022).
• [11] Nurwahyudi N., Rimawan E.: Analysis of customer satisfaction in freight forwarder industry using Servqual, IPA and FMEA methods. Pomorstvo Scientific Journal of Maritime Research. 2021, 35(1),109–117, DOI: 10.31217/p.35.1.12.
• [12] Parhammehr H.R., Zeajeldi I.: The role of FIATA multimodal transport bill of lading in business exchange in international transport. Social Sciences. 2016, 11(12), 3150–3153, DOI: 10.3923/sscience.2016.3150.3153.
• [13] Poliak M., Simurkova P.: Harmonization of Market Conditions in Provision of Freight Forwarding.18th International Scientific Conference LOGI 2017. 2017, 134, 00048, DOI: 10.1051/matecconf/201713400048.
• [14] Polish International Freight Forwarders Association. Polish General Forwarding Rules 2010: http://pisil.pl/en/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/opws2010eng1.pdf (accessed on 03.12.2022).
• [15] Rajeswari S., Sugapriya C., Nagarajan D.: Fuzzy inventory model for NVOCC’s returnable containersunder empty container repositioning with leasing option. Complex & Intelligent Systems. 2021, 7(2),753–764, DOI: 10.1007/s40747-020-00229-1.
• [16] Ramberg J.: Unification of the Law of International Freight Forwarding. Uniform Law Review. 1998, 3(1), 5–13, DOI: 10.1093/ulr/3.1.5.
• [17] Slov-lex. Trade Licensing Act 2022: https://www.slov-lex.sk/pravne-predpisy/SK/ZZ/1991/455/20221001 (accessed on 03.12.2022).
• [18] Stojanovic D., Velickovic M.: Freight forwarding industry - the contemporary role and development trends in Serbia. Proceedings of the 4th Logistics International Conference. 2019, 132–141.
• [19] The Belarusian Association of International Forwarders. General conditions of the Belarusian forwarders: http://www.baifby.com/page/27 (accessed on 03.12.2022).
• [20] Tushevska B.: Civil Law Versus Common Law Concept of Freight Forwarders. Balkan Social Science Review. 2014, 4, 45–66.
• [21] UTIKAD Standard Trading Conditions for Freight Forwarding and Logistics Services: https://www.utikad.org.tr/EN/UTIKADKurallari.aspx (accessed on 03.12.2022).

Uwagi

This paper has been developed under support of project: VEGA No. 1/0245/20 Poliak: Identification of the impact of a change in transport related legislation on the competitiveness of carriers and carriage safety.