Erythritol tetranitrate as a sensitizer in ammonium nitrate based explosives

• Autorzy: Künzel M. , Němec O. , Matyáš R.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper focuses on ammonium nitrate based explosives sensitized with erythritol tetranitrate. Erythritol tetranitrate (ETN) is an ester of nitric acid and erythritol. It is a low melting crystalline solid with explosive properties similar to those of pentaerythritol tetranitrate. Experiments were conducted in order to determine any sensitizing effect this compound might have on three basic types of ammonium nitrate based mixtures – powdered, slurry and emulsion explosives. According to the results obtained, erythritol tetranitrate acts as a sensitizer giving detonator sensitivity to ammonium nitrate based explosives when incorporated therein in quantities from 10 to 20 percent.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

erythritol tetranitrate; improvised explosive; ammonium nitrate; slurry; emulsion

• Czasopismo: Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 10, no. 3
• Strony: 351--358
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 8 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Künzel M.

• nstitute of Energetic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic

autor

Němec O.

• nstitute of Energetic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic

autor

Matyáš R.

• nstitute of Energetic Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Studentská 95, Pardubice, 532 10, Czech Republic

Bibliografia

• [1] Stenhouse J., About some Constituents of Lichens (in German), Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 1849, 70(2), 218-228.
• [2] Nehasilová D., Erythritol as a Sweetener (in Czech), 2008, 21.1.2011; Available from: http://www.bezpecnostpotravin.cz/Index.aspx?ch=552&typ=1&val=71658 &ids=3587.
• [3] Oxley J.C., et al., Characterization and Analysis of Tetranitrate Esters, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2012, 37(1), 24-39.
• [4] Bergeim F.H., Blasting Explosive, US 1751436, 1930, DuPont de Nemours Company, Delaware, USA.
• [5] Němec O., et al., Fortification of W/O Emulsions by Demilitarized Explosives. Part I. Use of TNT, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater., 2011, 8(3), 193-207.
• [6] Zygmunt B., Detonation Parameters of Mixtures Containing Ammonium Nitrate and Aluminium, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater., 2009, 6(1), 57-66.
• [7] Forrest C.D., Super Fine PETN Thin Layer Slurry Explosive, US 4012246, 1977, Teledyne Industries, Inc., California, USA.
• [8] Bergeim F.H., Production of Erythritol Tetranitrate, US 1691954, 1928, DuPont de Nemours Company, Delaware, USA.

Uwagi

EN

Part of this paper was presented at the 2nd Korean International Symposium on High Energy Materials (KISHEM-2), held in September 2012, Incheon, South Korea.