Selected aspects of the design and operation of the first Polish residential micro-CHP unit based on solid oxide fuel cells

• Autorzy: Kupecki J. , Skrzypkiewicz M. , Stefański M. , Stępień M. , Wierzbicki M. , Golec T.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The first Polish micro-combined heat and power unit (micro-CHP) with solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) was designed and constructed in the facilities of the Institute of Power Engineering in Warsaw. The system was launched in September 2015 and is under investigation. At the current stage the unit is customized to operate on a pre-treated biogas. Adaptation of the fuel processing system, which is based on a steam reformer, makes it possible to utilize other gaseous and liquid fuels, including natural gas. The electric and thermal output of the system, up to 2 kW and about 2 kW, respectively, corresponds to the typical requirements of a detached dwelling or a small commercial site. Functionality of the system was increased by engaging two separate start-up modules, which are used for preheating the system from a cold state to the nominal working conditions. The first module is based on a set of electric heaters, while the second module relies on an additional start-up burner. The startup of the system from ambient conditions up to a thermally self-sufficient stage takes about 7 hours using the electric preheaters mode. Output residual heat was used to heat water to a temperature of about 50°C. The temperature of the flue gases at the inlet to the hot water tank was measured at approximately 300°C. Steam reforming of the biogas was performed by delivering deionized water to the steam reformer in order to maintain the S/C ratio at a range of 2–3.5. Selected aspects of the design and construction as well the first operational experiences are presented and discussed. The numerical modeling methodology is presented as a complimentary tool for system design and optimization.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

micro combined heat and power; micro-CHP; solid oxide fuel cells; SOFC; fuel cell; modeling; operation

PL

mikrokogeneracja; mikro CHP; ogniwo paliwowe ze stałym tlenkiem; SOFC; ogniwo paliwowe; modelowanie; działanie

• Wydawca: Institute of Heat Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Power Technologies
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: Vol. 96, nr 4
• Strony: 270--275
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kupecki J.

• Thermal Processes Department, Institute of Power Engineering, Augustowka 36, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Skrzypkiewicz M.

• Thermal Processes Department, Institute of Power Engineering, Augustowka 36, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Stefański M.

• Thermal Processes Department, Institute of Power Engineering, Augustowka 36, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Stępień M.

• Thermal Processes Department, Institute of Power Engineering, Augustowka 36, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Wierzbicki M.

• Thermal Processes Department, Institute of Power Engineering, Augustowka 36, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Golec T.

• Thermal Processes Department, Institute of Power Engineering, Augustowka 36, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] J. Kupecki, K. Badyda, Sofc-based micro-chp system as an example of efficient power generation unit, Archives of Thermodynamics 32 (3) (2011) 33–43.
• [2] Stationary fuel cells are on the road to commercialization in europe – major market potential, significant environmental benefits, Roland Berger (2015).
• [3] L. Blum, R. Deja, R. Peters, D. Stolten, Comparison of efficiencies of low, mean and high temperature fuel cell systems, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 36 (2011) 11056–11067.
• [4] I. Staffel, A. Ingram, K. Kendall, Energy and carbon payback times for solid oxide fuel cell based domestic chp, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 37 (3) (2012) 2509–2523.
• [5] I. Staffell, R. Green, The cost of domestic fuel cell micro-chp systems., International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 38 (2012) 1088–1102.
• [6] H. Xi, J. Sun, V. Tsourapas, A control oriented low order dynamic model for planar sofc using minimum gibbs free energy method., Journal of Power Sources 165 (1) (2007) 253–266.
• [7] J. Kupecki, Off-design analysis of a micro-chp unit with solid oxide fuel cells fed by dme., International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 40 (35) (2015) 12009–12022.
• [8] J. Kupecki, J. Jewulski, K. Badyda, Selection of a fuel processing method for sofc-based micro-chp system, Rynek Energii 97 (6) (2011) 157–162.
• [9] L. Kandepu, R. and Imsland, B. Foss, C. Stiller, B. Thorud, O. Bolland, Modeling and control of a sofc-gt-based autonomous power system, Energy 32 (2007) 406–417.
• [10] M. Ferrari, Advanced control approach for hybrid systems based on solid oxide fuel cells, Applied Energy 145 (2015) 364–373.
• [11] J. Kupecki, M. Skrzypkiewicz, M. Wierzbicki, M. Stepien, Analysis of a micro-chp unit with in-series sofc stacks fed by biogas, Energy Procedia 75 (2015) 2021–2026.
• [12] M. Stepien, M. Rychlik, M. Wierzbicki, M. Stefanski, Selected aspects of the modeling, desing and performance tests of micro-cogeneration unit with ceramic fuel cells (sofc), [in] (Kicinski J., Cenian A., Lampart P., eds.) [in Polish] Radom 2015.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (zadania 2017).