PL EN


Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników
Tytuł artykułu

Elemental composition and rough source apportionment of fine particulate matter in air in Cracow, Poland

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Samples of PM2.5 fraction (particles with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 mu m) of air particulates were collected in winter 2011 and summer 2012 in Cracow, Poland. The concentrations of PM2.5 were 50 ±23 mu g/m3 (wintertime) and 16 ± 6 mu g/mV (summertime). The energy dispersive X-Ray fluorescence method was used for the determination of the concentrations of PM2.5-related elements. Principal component analysis and multilinear regression analysis were used to determine source contributions to ambient concentrations of PM2.5. In wintertime, the sources of air pollution were identified as municipal emission, steel and ferrous industry (49.2%), traffic (37.8%) and other, not identified sources (13%), whereas during summer, they were traffic (53%), steel and ferrous industry (18%), and not identified sources (29%).
Rocznik
Strony
71--83
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
  • Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
autor
  • Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
autor
  • Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland
autor
Bibliografia
  • [1] Council Directive 1999/30/EC of 22 April 1999. Official Journal of the European Communities 1999, L 163, 41.
  • [2] Directive 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 May 2008.
  • [3] Directive 2004/107/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of December 2004. Official Journal of the European Union 2004.
  • [4] BAR M.A., BAUMBACH G., SARACHAGE-RUIZ L., KLEANTHES S., Identification of PM10 sources in Mediterranean Island, Water, Air, Soil Poll.: Focus, 2009, 9, 39.
  • [5] LAZARIDIS M., DZUMBOVA L., KOPANAKIS I, ONDRACEK J., GLYTSOS T., ALEKSANDROPOULOU V., VOULGARAKIS A., KATSIVELA E., MIHELOPOULOS N., ELEFTHERIADIS K., PM10 and PM2.5 levels in the Easten Mediterranean (Akrotiri Research Station, Crete, Greece), Water, Air, Soil Poll., 2008, 199, 85.
  • [6] SAMEK L., Source apportionment of the PM10 fraction of particulate matter collected in Cracow, Poland, Nukleonika, 2012, 57, 601.
  • [7] REMOUNDAKI E., PAPAYANNTS A., KASSOMENOS P., MANTAS E., KOKKALIS P., TSEZOS M., Influence of Saharan dust transport events on PM2.5 concentrations and composition over Athens, Water, Air, Soil Poll., 2013, 224, 1.
  • [8] VALLIUS M., JANSSEN N.A., HEINRICH J., HOEK G., RUNSKANE J., CYRYS J., VAN GRIEKEN R., Sources and elemental composition of ambient PM2.5 in three European cities, Sci. Total Environ., 2005, 337, 147.
  • [9] STOCHEL M., BREITNER S., CYRYS J., PITZ M., WOLKE G., KREYLING W., HEINRICH J., WICHMANN H.E., PETERS A., Daily mortality and particulate matter in different size classes in Erfurt, Germany, J. Exp. Environ. Epid., 2007, 17, 458.
  • [10] KARANASIOU A.A., SITARAS L.E., SISKOS P.A., ELEFTHERIADIS K., Size distribution and sources of trace metals and n-alkanes in the Athens urban aerosol during summer, Atmos. Environ., 2007, 41, 2368.
  • [11] LAMMEL G., ROHRL A., SCHREIBER H., Atmospheric lead and bromine in Germany. Post abatement levels, variabilities and trends, Environ. Sci. Pollut., 2002, 9, 397.
  • [12] PANT P., HARRISON R.M., Estimation of the contribution of road traffic emissions to particulate matter concentrations from field measurements. A review, Atmos. Environ., 2013, 77, 78.
  • [13] CHUEINTA W., HOPKE P.K., PAATERO P., Investigation of sources of atmospheric aerosol urban and suburban residential areas in Thailand by positive matrix factorization, Atmos. Environ., 2000, 34, 3319.
  • [14] QUEROL X., VIANA M., ALASTUEY A., AMATO F., MORENO T., CASTILLO S., PEY J., DE LA ROSA J., SANCHEZ DE LA CAMPA A., ARTINANO B., SALVADOR P., GARCIA DOS SANTOS S., FERNANDEZ-PATIER R., MORENO-GRAU S., NEGRAL L., MINGUILLON M.C., MONFORT E., GIL J.I., INZA A., ORTEGA L.A., SANTAMARIA J.M., ZABALZA J., Source origin of trace elements in PM from regional background, urban and industrial sites of Spain, Atmos. Environ., 2007, 41, 7219.
  • [15] Environmental Protection Agency in Cracow, http://www.Cracow.pios.gov.pl (accessed November 2013).
  • [16] PN-EN 12341:2006a: Air quality. Determination of the PM10 fraction of suspended particulate matter. Reference method and field test procedure to demonstrate reference equivalence of measurement methods.
  • [17] PN-EN 14907:2006b: Ambient air quality. Standard gravimetric measurement method for the determination of the PM2.5 mass fraction of suspended particular matter.
  • [18] VEKEMANS B., JANSSENS K., VINCZE L., ADAMS F., VAN ESPEN P., Analysis of X-ray spectra by iterative least squares (AXIL). New developments, X-Ray Spectry, 1994, 23, 278.
  • [19] The NOAA Air Resources Laboratory (ARL), http://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT_traj..php (accessed November 2013).
  • [20] THURSTON G.D., SPENGLER J.D., Multivariative assessment of meteorological influences on inhalable particle source impact, J. Clim. Appl. Meteorol., 1985, 24, 1245.
  • [21] PUTAUD J.P., VAN DINGENEN R., ALASTUEY A., BAUER H., BIRMILI W., CYRYS J., FLENTJE H., FUZZI S., GEHRING R., HANSSON H.C., HARRISON R.M., HERMANN H., HITZENBERGER R., HUGLIN C., JONESA M., KASPER-GIEBL A., KISS G., KOUSA A., KUHLBUSCH T.A.J., LOSCHAU G., MAENHAUT W., MOLNAR A., MORENO T., PEKKANEN J., PERRINO C., PITZ M., PUXBAUM H., QUEROL X., RODRIGUEZ S., SALMA L., SCHWARZ J., SMOLIK J., SCHNEIDER J., SPINDLER G., BRINK H., TURSIC J., VIANA M., WIEDENSOHLER A., RAES F., A European aerosol phenomenology. 3. Physical and chemical characteristics of particulate matter from 60 rural, urban, and kerbside sites across Europe, Atmos. Environ., 2010, 44, 1308.
  • [22] HANSEN H.K., PEDERSEN A.J., ATTOSEN L.M., VILLUMSEN A., Speciation and mobility of cadmium in straw and wood combustion fly ash, Chemosphere, 2001, 45, 123.
  • [23] HANOI E., VOUTSA D., SAMARA C., Chemical characterization and source identification/apportionment of fine and coarse particles in Thesaloniki, Greece, Atmos. Environ., 2002, 36, 949.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-497d651a-8a8c-49e5-b7a9-416bd8f01ad7
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.