Development concept of special economic zones performance

• Autorzy: Michałek Janusz

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.17512/pjms.2025.31.2.12

Warianty tytułu

PL

Koncepcja rozwoju specjalnych stref ekonomicznych wyniki

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The paper analyzes the evolution of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in Poland from 1994, when they served as fiscal tools of transformation, to their current function as innovation ecosystems. Initially, SEZs attracted foreign investment and supported regional development through tax breaks, but the introduction of the Polish Investment Zone in 2018 shifted their focus to R&D, digitalization and cross-sector cooperation. Based on interviews with managers of the 11 zones, the study identifies challenges such as bureaucracy, a shortage of funding for startups and shortcomings in digital infrastructure, offering recommendations including simplifying procedures and promoting sustainability. The work brings an innovative approach through a detailed analysis of the transformation of SEZs into innovation ecosystems based on qualitative data from managers, combining global trends such as digitization and sustainability with the local context of modernizing the Polish economy, and offering practical recommendations for managing SEZs in the face of global competition. The work reveals SEZs as key to modernizing Poland's economy, offering an innovative approach to the management of zones and their role in global competitiveness.

PL

W artykule przeanalizowano ewolucję specjalnych stref ekonomicznych (SSE) w Polsce od 1994 r., kiedy to pełniły one funkcję narzędzi fiskalnych transformacji, do ich obecnej roli ekosystemów innowacji. Początkowo SSE przyciągały inwestycje zagraniczne i wspierały rozwój regionalny poprzez ulgi podatkowe, ale wprowadzenie w 2018 r. Polskiej Strefy Inwestycyjnej spowodowało przesunięcie ich punktu ciężkości na badania i rozwój, cyfryzację oraz współpracę międzysektorową. Na podstawie wywiadów z kierownikami 11 stref w badaniu zidentyfikowano takie wyzwania, jak biurokracja, brak funduszy dla start upów oraz niedociągnięcia w infrastrukturze cyfrowej, a także przedstawiono zalecenia, w tym uproszczenie procedur i promowanie zrównoważonego rozwoju. Praca przedstawia innowacyjne podejście poprzez szczegółową analizę transformacji SSE w ekosystemy innowacji w oparciu o dane jakościowe uzyskane od kierowników, łącząc globalne trendy, takie jak cyfryzacja i zrównoważony rozwój, z lokalnym kontekstem modernizacji polskiej gospodarki oraz oferując praktyczne zalecenia dotyczące zarządzania SSE w obliczu globalnej konkurencji. Praca pokazuje, że SSE mają kluczowe znaczenie dla modernizacji polskiej gospodarki, oferując innowacyjne podejście do zarządzania strefami i ich rolą w globalnej konkurencyjności.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

special economic zones; innovation ecosystem; regional development; startups; sustainable development

PL

specjalne strefy ekonomiczne; ekosystem innowacji; rozwój regionalny; start-up; rozwój zrównoważony

• Wydawca: Czestochowa University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Management Studies
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: Vol. 31, No. 2
• Strony: 200--214
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 44 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Michałek Janusz

• WSB University, Dabrowa Górnicza, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0773-9954

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025).