Sustainable use of leonardite biopolymers as a green alternative in soil improvement methods

• Autorzy: Keskin Inan , Kahraman Selman , Vakili Amir Hossein , Kocaman Ayhan , Tatar Nurullah , Turan Metin

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/ams.2025.156295

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Leonardite’s ability to stabilise marl, a challenging construction material, was confirmed through mechanical tests, including unconfined compressive strength, unconsolidated undrained triaxial tests, and chemical and microstructural analyses. Results confirmed that the strength improvement factor, cohesion improvement factor, and internal friction improvement factor significantly increased due to both the addition of Leonardite and the curing times. The addition of 15% Leonardite, along with curing periods of 7 to 14 days, resulted in considerable improvement factors ranging between 2 and 5, depending on the parameters investigated. Microstructural analysis confirmed that Leonardite could act as a filler, filling soil voids and reducing peaks associated with calcite content, which is responsible for the unfavorable behavior of marls. The formation of various functional groups and strong bands, such as carboxyl, hydroxyl, and carbonyl, as evidenced by FTIR analysis, was found to be responsible for improving the mechanical strength of samples containing Leonardite.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

soil stabilisation; leonardite; marl soil; biopolymer; microstructure; sustainable materials

PL

stabilizacja gruntu; biopolimer; mikrostruktura

• Wydawca: Instytut Mechaniki Górotworu PAN
• Czasopismo: Archives of Mining Sciences
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: Vol. 70, no. 3
• Strony: 493--504
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Keskin Inan

• Karabük University Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department, Turkey

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2977-4352

autor

Kahraman Selman

• Karabük University Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department, Turkey

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7984-6217

autor

Vakili Amir Hossein

• Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Zand Institute of Higher Educati on, Shiraz, Iran

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-172X

autor

Kocaman Ayhan

• Karabük University Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department, Turkey

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1597-7936

autor

Tatar Nurullah

• Karabük University Faculty of Engineering Civil Engineering Department, Turkey

• https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1386-3381

autor

Turan Metin

• Department of Agricultural Trade and Management, Faculty of Economy and Administrative Science, Turkey

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4849-7680

Bibliografia

• [1] A. Tajaddini, M. Saberian, V.K. Sirchi, J. Li, T. Maqsood, Improvement of mechanical strength of low-plasticityclay soil using geopolymer-based materials synthesized from glass powder and copper slag. (2022).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2022.e01820.
• [2] P. Ghadir, N. Ranjbar, Clayey soil stabilization using geopolymer and Portland cement. (n.d.).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.07.207.
• [3] M. Salimi, M. Payan, I. Hosseinpour, M. Arabani, Z. Ranjbar, Effect of glass fiber (GF) on the mechanical properties and freeze-thaw (F-T) durability of lime-nanoclay (NC)-stabilized marl clayey soil. (2024).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.135227.
• [4] O. Saeed, B. Al-Amoudi, K. Khan, S. Al-Kahtani, Stabilization of a Saudi calcareous marl soil. (2010).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.04.019.
• [5] H. Bahadori, A. Hasheminezhad, S. Alizadeh, The Influence of Natural Pozzolans Structure on Marl Soil Stabilization. Transportation Infrastructure Geotechnology 7, 46-54 (2020).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/S40515-019-00089-4/figures/4.
• [6] H. Bahadori, A. Hasheminezhad, F. Taghizadeh, Experimental Study on Marl Soil Stabilization Using Natural Pozzolans. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering 31, 04018363 (2018).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0002577.
• [7] M. Mirzababaei, J. Karimiazar, E.S. Teshnizi, R. Arjmandzadeh, S.H. Bahmani, Effect of Nano-Additives on the Strength and Durability Characteristics of Marl. Minerals 11, 1119 (2021).DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/min11101119.
• [8] A. Ohadian, N. Khayat, M. Mokhberi, Microstructural analysis of marl stabilized with municipal solid waste andnano-MgO. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (2024).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2023.09.038.
• [9] U. Zada, A. Jamal, S.M. Eldin, M. Almoshaogeh, S. Rehab Bekkouche, Case study Recent advances in expansives oil stabilization using admixtures: current challenges and opportunities. Case Studies in Construction Materials (2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscm.2023.e01985.
• [10] A. Angkaew, C. Chokejaroenrat, M. Angkaew, T. Satapanajaru, C. Sakulthaew, Persulfate activation using leonarditechar-supported nano zero-valent iron composites for styrene-contaminated soil and water remediation. Environ. Res. 240, 117486 (2024). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117486.
• [11] I. Keskin, O. Arslan, A. Hossein Vakili, Investigating the impact of travertine powder on strength and permeability of swelling clay. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 132, 1474-7065 (2023).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2023.103494.
• [12] A. Hossein Vakili, M. Salimi, I. Keskin, Mohammed, S.S. Abujazar, Mohammad Shamsi, Effects of polyvinylacetate content on contact erosion parameters of pavement embankment constructed by dispersive soils. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 82, 398 (2023). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10064-023-03416-9.
• [13] J.J.A. Baldovino, R.L.S. Izzo, J.L. Rose, M.D.I. Domingos, Strength, durability, and microstructure of geopolymers based on recycled-glass powder waste and dolomitic lime for soil stabilization. (n.d.).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121874.
• [14] M. Salimi, M. Payan, I. Hosseinpour, M. Arabani, Z. Ranjbar, Impact of clay nano-material and glass fiber on the efficacy of traditional soil stabilization technique. (2024). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2024.136046.
• [15] C.J. Medina-Martinez, L.C. Sandoval-Herazo, S.A. Zamora-Castro, R. Vivar-Ocampo, D. Reyes-Gonzalez, Natural Fibers: An Alternative for the Reinforcement of Expansive Soils. Sustainability 14, 9275 (2022).DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14159275.
• [16] İ. Keskin, S. Kahraman, Stabilization of swelling soil by lime, fly ash, and calcium carbide residue. Arabian Journal of Geosciences 1, 3 (2022). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10291-3.
• [17] Y. Liu, C. Cao, Q. Wang, W. Zheng, J. Shen, Y. Chen, F. Gu, M. Han, I. Rocchi, Utilization of bioethanol industry recycled waste for sustainable soil improvement: A win-win application. Eng. Geol. 289, 106192 (2021).DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2021.106192.
• [18] D. ASTM, Standard Test Method for Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cohesive Soil. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. ASTM D2166/D2166M-16, 2016.
• [19] S. Xue, Y. Hu, K. Wan, Z. Miao, Exploring Humic Acid as an Efficient and Selective Adsorbent for Lead Removalin Multi-Metal Coexistence Systems: A Review. Separations 11, 80 (2024).DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/separations11030080.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki (2025)