Rail environmental impact: energy consumption and noise pollution assessment of different transport modes connecting Big Ben (London, UK) and Eiffel Tower (Paris, FR)

• Autorzy: Palacin R. , Correia J. , Zdziech M. , Cassese T. , Chitakova T.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Porównanie zużycia energii oraz emisji hałasu dla różnych środków transportu użytych w połączeniu pomiędzy Big Benem (Londyn, UK) a Wieżą Eiffla (Paryż, FR)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper is set within the framework of the RailNewcastle Summer School program 2014 run by Newcastle University. It attempts to explore the sustainability credentials of railways when compared with other transport modes connecting central London with central Paris, two of Europe’s largest metropolis. Specifically, the study compares the energy consumption and noise pollution of a railonly travel option with two other alternatives using a combination of public transport modes. The analysis includes defining the regulatory framework, sourcing and aggregating energy consumption from a number of references as well as creating noise maps for key nodes using validated tools available. The results suggest that the rail-only option has the best performance of the three options in terms of energy consumption while a bus-coach-metro combination seems to have lower noise levels than the rest. Assumptions due to lack of meaningful data made in the calculation of underground rail services are thought to have influence on the lower than expected performance of rails systems in terms of noise. The authors conclude that considering the combined outcomes of both assessments, the rail-only option is the preferred choice from a sustainability credentials perspective.

PL

Artykuł powstał w ramach szkoły letniej RailNewcastle prowadzonej przez Uniwersytet w Newcastle. W pracy poruszono problemy związane z zużyciem energii oraz hałasem emitowanym przez kolej w odniesieniu do innych środków transportu. Jako materiał badawczy wybrano trzy możliwości podróży między dwoma największymi metropoliami Europy - Londynem a Paryżem. Analiza zawiera regulacje prawne wytwarzania i zużywania energii, a także mapy wraz z pomiarem hałasu dla wybranych węzłów komunikacyjnych. Wyniki sugerują, że kolej jest najkorzystniejszą opcją pod względem zużycia energii, podczas gdy konfiguracja autobus – autokar –metro wydaje mniej hałasu niż pozostałe opcje.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

rail systems; environmental performance; energy consumption; noise pollution; mobility

PL

systemy szynowe; efektywność środowiskowa; energochłonność; zagrożenie hałasem; mobilność

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
• Czasopismo: Transport Problems
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: T. 9, z. spec.
• Strony: 9--27
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Palacin R.

• NewRail – Centre for Railway Research, Newcastle University School of Mechanical and Systems Engineering Stephenson Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom

autor

Correia J.

• Instituto Superior Técnico Avenida Rovisco Pais 1, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal

autor

Zdziech M.

• Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Transport Krasińskiego st. 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland

autor

Cassese T.

• University of Rome La Sapienza Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy

autor

Chitakova T.

• University of Transport Todor Kableshkov 158 Geo Milev Str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria

Bibliografia

• 1. Reis, V. & Meier, F. & Pace, G. & Palacin, R. Rail and multi-modal transport. Research in Transportation Economics. 2013. 41(1). P. 17-30.
• 2. Miedema, H.M.D. & Vos, H. Exposure-response relationships for transportation noise. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. Vol. 104. No. 6. 1998. P. 3432-3445.
• 3. Fields, J.M. & Walker, J.G. Comparing the relationships between noise level and annoyance in different surveys: A railway noise vs. aircraft and road traffic comparison. Journal of Sound and Vibration. Vol. 81. No. 1. P. 51-80.
• 4. Öhrström, E. Effects of exposure to railway noise - A comparison between areas with and without vibration. Journal of Sound and Vibration. Vol. 205. No. 4. P. 555-560.
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• 6. Vasilij, A. & Cincurak, B. Modern requirements of legal regulations for transport in the cities and necessity for making sector strategy in order to harmonize with other modes of transport. Transport Problems. 2010. Vol. 10. No. 3. P. 13-14.
• 7. Eurostat, Available at: www.ec.europa.eu/eurostat.
• 8. UIC-IEA. Railway handbook 2013, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: focus on energy mix. 2013.
• 9. Eurostar: Energy, transport and environment indicators. 2013.
• 10. Banister D. Unsustainable Transport, ed. Taylor & Francis. London. 2005.
• 11. European Commission, DIRECTIVE 2002/49/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 25 June 2002 relating to the assessment and management of environmental noise.
• 12. WHO, Transport, environment and health. 2005. WHO Regional Publications, European Series. No. 89.
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• 14. European Commission. Position paper on dose-effect relationships for night-time noise. European Commission Working Group on Health and Socio-Economic Aspects. 11 November 2004.
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• 17. Cartographie du bruit routier de Paris. Mairie de Paris. Available at: https://www.google.com/url?q=http://www.paris.fr/pro/du-plu/le-plu-envigueur/cartographie-du-p-l-u/rub_9754_stand_85804_port_24233&sa=U&ei=blLVKPcNZCS7AbSjYGgBw& ved=0CAoQFjAFOAo&client=internal-udscse& usg=AFQjCNGbBhkF3nMMJNKYgfBo2lWK_16XXA.
• 18. Aeroport Charles de Gaulle. Available at: http://www.aeroportsdeparis.fr/ADP/fr-fr/Passagers/ accueil/.
• 19. UIC, Railway noise in Europe: A 2010 report on the state-of-the-art. ISBN: 978 2 7461 1880 5.