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Comparative analysis of construction materials used for fastening elements of six-point safety belts in rally cars

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Safety belts are one of the most significant elements of car equipment classified as passive safety. This paper provides a comparative material analysis of critical components of a trusted manufacturer's six-point harness used in motorsports racing with commercially available imitation belts. Despite the FIA certification labels, the imitation belts are characterized by extremely poor quality in the selection of materials for components such as the snap hooks and the locking sleeves in the central fastening mechanism, posing a real hazard to unaware belt users.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
9--14
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 27 poz., fot. kolor.
Twórcy
  • Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
  • Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology
Bibliografia
  • [1] ACAR, B.S. Passive prevention systems in automobile safety. International Encyclopedia of Transportation. 2021, 406-414. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102671-7.10111-3
  • [2] BENSCOTER, A.O., BRAMFITT, B.L. Metallography and microstructures of low-carbon and coated steels. Metallography and Microstructures - ASM International. 2004, 588-607. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003761
  • [3] BILLUR, E. Hot formed steels. Automotive Steels. 2017, 387-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100638-2.00012-2
  • [4] BIN, W., ZHENYU, L., XIAOGUANG, Z. et al. Precipitation behavior of nanoscale cementite in hypoeutectoid steels during ultra fast cooling (UFC) and their strengthening effects. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2013, 575, 189-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.02.071
  • [5] BOWMAN, E.J., HARRIS, D.A., BROWN, T.H. Scrotal injury following restrained impact: A risk of misnavigation. Injury Extra. 2007, 38(9), 314-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.injury.2006.12.025
  • [6] DUNN, R.F., MCSWAIN, R.H., MILLS, T. et al. Failure of plastic press release buttons in automobile seat belts. Engineering Failure Analysis. 2005, 12(1), 81-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2004.05.003
  • [7] FEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DE L’AUTOMOBILE FIA 8853-2016 - Safety Harnesses. 2016.
  • [8] FREEMAN, M.D. Traffic Injury Investigation. Forensic Epidemiology. 2016, 315-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-404584-2.00012-4
  • [9] HALL, J.N., FEKETE, J.R. Steels for auto bodies. Automotive Steels. 2017, 19-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100638-2.00002-X
  • [10] HENSHAW, J.M., WOOD, V., HALL, A.C. Failure of automobile seat belts caused by polymer degradation. Engineering Failure Analysis. 1999, 6(1), 13-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1350-6307(98)00026-0
  • [11] HENSHAW, J.M., WOOD, V., HALL, A.C. Failure of automobile seat belts caused by polymer degradation. Failure Analysis Case Studies II. 2001, 317-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-043959-4.50033-X
  • [12] LI, Y., PENG, H., RONG, B. et al. Analysis and Improvement for the failure of seat belt anchor of a car based on simulation and experiment. Proceedings of the FISITA 2012 World Automotive Congress. 2013, 197, 717-731. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33805-2_59
  • [13] LICHTENSTEIN, M.J., BOLTON, A., WADE, G. Body mass as a determinant of seat belt use. The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 1989, 297(4), 233-237. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000441-198904000-00007
  • [14] MERKISZ, J., PIELECHA, I., MARKOWSKI, J. Operating parameters of high performance vehicle engines. Combustion Engines. 2007, 131(4), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-117313
  • [15] DE MOOR, E., SPEER, J.G. Bainitic and quenching and partitioning steels. Automotive Steels. 2017, 289-316. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-100638-2.00010-9
  • [16] NAGATA, M.T., SPEER, J.G., MATLOCK, D.K. Effect of deformation on cementite precipitation during overaging of low-carbon sheet steel. Scripta Materialia. 2001, 44(6), 899-903. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(00)00696-5
  • [17] PATALAK, J.P., HARPER, M.G., WEAVER, A.A. et al. Estimated crash injury risk and crash characteristics for motorsport drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention. 2020, 136, 105397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2019.105397
  • [18] PERO-SANZ ELORZ, J.A., QUINTANA HERNÁNDEZ, M.J., VERDEJA GONZÁLEZ, L.F. Solid-state transformations in the Fe-C system. Solidification and Solid-State Transformations of Metals and Alloys. 2017, 255-324. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-812607-3.00008-5
  • [19] PORTER, R.S., ZHAO, N. Patterns of injury in belted and unbelted individuals presenting to a trauma center after motor vehicle crash: seat belt syndrome revisited. Annals of Emergency Medicine. 1998, 32(4), 418-424. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(98)70169-6
  • [20] RIVARA, F.P., THOMPSON, D.C., CUMMINGS, P. Effectiveness of primary and secondary enforced seat belt laws. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. 1999, 16(1), 30-39. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(98)00113-5
  • [21] ROBERTS, A., PARTAIN, M., BATZER, S. et al. Failure analysis of seat belt buckle inertial release. Engineering Failure Analysis. 2007, 14(6), 1135-1143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2006.11.059
  • [22] SIRIWARDENA, A.K. Seat-belt aortic injury. European Journal of Vascular Surgery. 1990, 4(6), 649-650. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0950-821X(05)80825-4
  • [23] VAUGHN, M.G., SALAS-WRIGHT, C.P., PIQUERO, A.R. Buckle up: non-seat belt use and antisocial behavior in the United States. Annals of Epidemiology. 2012, 22(12), 825-831. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2012.09.010
  • [24] WANG, B., LIU, Z., ZHOU, X. et al. Precipitation behavior of nanoscale cementite in 0.17% carbon steel during ultra fast cooling (UFC) and thermomechanical treatment (TMT). Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2013, 588, 167-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.09.012
  • [25] WIDSTROM, L., BLUSTIN, J.M. Motor sports. Sports-related fractures, dislocations and trauma. 2020, 901-906. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36790-9_63
  • [26] WRÓBEL, R., SIERZPUTOWSKI, G., HALLER, P. et al. The vehicle driver safety prediction system. Combustion Engines. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-142950
  • [27] ZHAO, M.-C., HUANG, X.-F., ATRENS, A. Role of second phase cementite and martensite particles on strength and strain hardening in a plain C-Mn steel. Materials Science and Engineering: A. 2012, 549, 222-227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2012.04.040
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-47a59ea3-9400-4aff-88e2-a27af9bdd3e9
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