Piroliza utwardzonej żywicy fenolowo-formaldehydowej typu rezolowego - identyfikacja produktów metodą GC/MS

• Autorzy: Kmita A. , Roczniak A. , Holtzer M.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Pyrolysis of the Cured Phenol-Formaldehyde Resole Resin - Identification of the Products by GC/MS

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Celem badań była identyfikacja głównych produktów pirolizy utwardzonego spoiwa stosowanego w technologii ALPHASET w zależności od temperatury rozkładu. Rozkład termiczny próbek prowadzono przy użyciu pirolizera w temperaturze: 700, 900 i 1100 °C w atmosferze helu o czystości 99,9999. Identyfikację produktów pirolizy prowadzono z wykorzystaniem techniki GC/MS. Okazało się, że temperatura 900 °C jest tą, w której powstaje najwięcej produktów pirolizy. W temperaturze 700 i 900 °C znaczny udział wśród produktów pirolizy ma dwutlenek węgla, który powstaje w wyniku rozkładu węglanu propylenu, będącego prawdopodobnie składnikiem mieszaniny estrów.

EN

The aim of the investigations was the identification of the main products of the pyrolysis of the hardened binder - applied in the ALPHASET technology - in dependence on the decomposition temperature. The thermal decomposition of samples was performed by means of the pyrolyzer at temperatures: 700, 900 and 1100°C in the atmosphere of helium (He) of the purity: 99.9999. This identification was performed by means of the GC/MS technique. It occurred that the temperature of 900°C is the one at which the highest amount of the pyrolysis products is formed. At temperatures of 700 and 900°C among the pyrolysis products there is a significant fraction of carbon dioxide, which is formed as the result of the decomposition of propylene carbonate, which is probably the component of the esters mixture.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

ochrona środowiska; lotne związki organiczne; niebezpieczne zanieczyszczenia powietrza; technologia Alphaset; technika Py-GC/MS; technologia odlewnicza

EN

environment protection; volatile organic compounds; hazardous air pollutants; alpha-set technology; Py-GC/MS; foundry technology

• Wydawca: Komisja Odlewnictwa Polskiej Akademii Nauk Oddział w Katowicach
• Czasopismo: Archives of Foundry Engineering
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Vol. 15, iss. 4 spec.
• Strony: 67--72
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 18 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kmita A.

• AGH Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. S. Staszica w Krakowie, Akademickie Centrum Materiałów i Nanotechnologii, 30-059 Kraków, al. Mickiewicza 30

autor

Roczniak A.

• AGH Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. S. Staszica w Krakowie, Wydział Odlewnictwa, 30-059 Kraków, ul. Reymonta 23

autor

Holtzer M.

• AGH Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. S. Staszica w Krakowie, Wydział Odlewnictwa, 30-059 Kraków, ul. Reymonta 23

Bibliografia

• [1] Holtzer, M., Górny, M., Dańko R., (2015). Microstructure and properties of ductile iron and compacted graphite iron castings. London, Springer (Eds.).
• [2] Jin, X.U., (2005). An Investigation of the abnormal structure at the surface layer of nodular iron castings produced by furan resin bonded and sulfonic acid cired sand mold. Journal of Foundry vol. 12, pp. 1245-1249.
• [3] Riposan, I., Chisamera, M., Stan, S. (2013). Control of surface graphite degeneration in ductile iron for windmill applications. International Journal of Metalcasting, vol.7 iss.1 pp. 9-20.
• [4] Dyrektywa Unii Europejskiej Nr 1272/2008.
• [5] Tiedje, N., Crepaz, R., Torben, E., Bey, N. (2010). Emission of organic compounds from mould and core binders used for casting iron, aluminium and bronze in sand moulds, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, vol. 45, 14, pp.1866-1876.
• [6] Holtzer, M., Dańko, R., Kubecki, M., Żymankowska-Kumon, S., Bobrowski, A., Kmita, A., Górny, M. (2014). Influence of the reclaim addition to the moulding sand with furan resin on the emission of toxic gases at high temperature. 71th World Foundry Congress : Advanced Sustainable Foundry, Bilbao, 19-21 May 2014.
• [7] Holtzer, M., Żymankowska-Kumon, S., Bobrowski, A., Dańko. R., Kmita, A. (2014). The influence of reclaim addition on the emission of PAHs and BTEX from moulding sands with furfuryl resin with the average amount of furfuryl alcohol. Archives of Foundry Engineering, vol. iss.1, pp.37-42.
• [8] Hussein, N. I. S., Ayof, M. N., Mohamed Sokri N. I. (2013). Mechanical properties and loss on ignition of phenolic and furan resin bonded sand casting. International Journal of Mining, Metallurgy & Mechanical Engineering (IJMMME) vol.1, iss.3, pp.223-227.
• [9] Dungan, R., Reeves R. S. J. B. (2005). A Determination of Organic Products by Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Environmental Science and Health vol. 40, pp. 1557-1567.
• [10] Haifeng Z., Hongqing, Z., Kuo, Z. (2014). Diminishing hazardous air pollutant emissions from pyrolysis of furan no-bake bindrs using methanesulfonic acid as the binder catalyst. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. vol. 116, pp. 373-381.
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• [12] Ren, Y., Li,Y. Substitute materials of furfuryl alcohol in furan resin used for foundry and their technical properties. China Foundry, November 2009, vol. 6, iss.4, pp.339-342.
• [13] Holtzer, M., Dańko, J. et. al.: Station for research of the volume and harmfulness of gases compounds from the materials used in foundry and metallurgical processes. (2012) Poland, Patent No. P-398 709.
• [14] Holtzer, M., Żymankowska–Kumon, S., Bobrowski, A., Kmita, A., Dańko, R. (2015). Influence of the reclaim addition to the moulding sand matrix obtained in the ALPHASET technology on the emission of gases - comparison with moulding sand with furfuryl resin. Archives of Foundry Engineering vol.15 spec. iss. 2, pp. 12-125.
• [15] Holtzer, M., Bobrowski, A., Drożyński, D., Makselon, J., Isendorf, B. (2013). Investigations of properties of moulding sands with resins applied in the ALPHASET technology. Archives of Foundry Engineering vol. 13 spec. iss. 1, pp. 31–37.
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• [17] Heideberg, B., V., Walton, C., F. (2011) Iron Casting Handbook, Iron casting socjety, (Ed.) Springer.
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