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Evolution of zinc coatings during drawing process of steel wires

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The paper shows a significant influence of the multi-stage wire drawing technology on deformability and phase transformations in the zinc coating. SEM tests proved that the coating after hot-dip galvanizing consists of a number of thin layers, ranging from 1 to 5 μm, and differing in thickness, chemical composition and properties. When pulled through the drawing die the zinc coating heats up (as a result of friction between the material and the tool) and its dynamic plastic deformation. It resulted in the fracture and partial crushing of the hard-intermetallic phases. It has been proven that as the wire passes through successive drawing dies, the coating is thinned and diffusion as well as phase remodelling of individual structural components occurs; in the place of phase ζ, the intermetallic phase δ1 develops, increasing its share in the diffusion layer. The crystals of intermetallic phases located on the border of the diffusion and outer layers break up and remain dispersed in the zinc. An analysis of the microhardness of the coating has proven that the level of the increase in the microhardness of the zinc coating is contingent on percentage of iron in particular layers of coating.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
art. no. e120, 2023
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
  • Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Czestochowa University of Technology, 19 Armii Krajowej Av, 42‑200 Czestochowa, Poland
  • 1B Mykanowska Str., 42‑240 Kościelec, Poland
  • Department of Metal Forming, Welding and Metrology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Lukasiewicza Street 5, 50‑370 Wrocław, Poland
Bibliografia
  • 1. Wartacz R. Analiza teoretyczno-doświadczalna ciągnienia wielostopniowego drutow ocynkowanych ze stali C42D, praca doktorska (Theoretical and experimental analysis of the multistage drawing of galvanized wires from C42D steel, doctoral thesis). Częstochowa: Czestochowa University of Technology; 2019.
  • 2. Marder AR. The Metallurgy of zinc-coated steel. Prog Mater Sci. 2000;45:191-271.
  • 3. Chang S, Shin JC. The Effect of antymony additions on hot dip galvanized coatings. Corr Sci. 1994;36:1425-36.
  • 4. F. Schneider, G. Lang, Stalhdraht Herstellung und Anwendung VEB, Leipzing 1973.
  • 5. P. Liberski, Fizykochemiczne podstawy racjonalnego kształtowania zanurzeniowych powłok aluminiowych na żelazie. Zeszyty naukowe Politechniki Śląskiej, Hutnictwo 6, Gliwice 2002 (in Polish).
  • 6. P. Liberski, Antykorozyjne Powłoki Zanurzeniowe. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, Gliwice 2013 (in Polish).
  • 7. Culcasi JD, Sere PR, Elsner CI, Di Sarli AR. Control of the growth of zinc-iron phases in the hot-dip galvanizing process. Surf Coat Technol. 1999;122(1):21-3. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0257-8972(99)00404.
  • 8. S. Tkaczyk, B. Balcerowska, W. Ozgowicz, H. Rydarowski, J. Szota, Powłoki ochronne. Skrypt Politechniki Śląskiej, nr 2024, Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej, Gliwice 1997 (in Polish).
  • 9. K. Kurski, Cynkowanie Ogniowe. WNT Warszawa 1971 (in Polish).
  • 10. I.A. Krasilnikov, Cynkowanije, łużenije i łatynirowanije stalnoj pro wołoki. Izd. Mietałłurgija, Moskwa 1968.
  • 11. Gellings PJ, Gierman G, Koster D, Kuit J. Synthesis and characterization of homogeneus intermetalic Fe-Zn compounds. Phase Diag. 2008;71:70-5.
  • 12. Hansen M. Der Aufbau von Zweistofflegierungen. Berlin: Springer Verlag; 1936.
  • 13. J. Schramm, Z. Metallkunde (1938) 30. 327: 122-131.
  • 14. Buhler HE, Jackel G, Mayer L, Baumgartl S. Microchimica Acta. Suppl Vienna. 1970;11:75-86.
  • 15. Bastin GF, Van Loo JJ, Rieck GD. A new compound in the iron-zinc system. Z Metallkunde. 1974;65:656-60.
  • 16. Bastin GF, Van Loo JJ, Rieck GD. On the texture in the Delta (Fe-Zn) Layer Formed During Hot-Dpi Galvanizing. Int J Mater Res. 1976;67:694-8.
  • 17. H. Kania, 2002 Podstawy technologii wytwarzania powłok na stopach żelaza w procesie wysokotemperaturowego cynkowania zanurzeniowego. Praca doktorska, Katowice (doctoral thesis, in Polish).
  • 18. Foct J, Perrot P, Reumont G. Interpretation of role of silicon on the galvanizing reactions based on kinetics, morphology and thermodynamics. Scr Metall Mater. 1993;28:1195-200.
  • 19. Kania H, Mendala J, Kozuba J, Saternus M. Development of bath chemical composition for batch hot-dip galvanizing. Rev Mater. 2020;13:4168. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13184168.
  • 20. Hawryluk M, Rychlik M, Ziemba J, Jasiak K. Filip Lewandowski and Łukasz Dudkiewicz Analysis of the production process of the forked forging used in the excavator drive system in order to improve the currently implemented technology by the use of numerical modelling. Mater Sci-Pol. 2021. https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0020.
  • 21. Kania H, Saternus M, Kudlaček J. Structural aspects of decreasing the corrosion resistance of zinc coating obtained in baths with Al, Ni, and Pb addit Mater. 2020;13(2):385. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13020385.
  • 22. Grandhi S, Raja VS, Parida S. Effect of manganese addition on the appearance, morphology, and corrosion resistance of hot-dip galvanized zinc coating. Surf Coat Technol. 2021;421:127377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127377.
  • 23. Jarvinen H, Honkanen M, Patnamsetty M, Jarn S, Heinonen E, Jiang H, Peura P. Press hardening of zinc-coated boron steels: Role of steel composition in the development of phase structures within coating and interface regions. Surf Coat Technol. 2018;352:378-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2018.08.040.
  • 24. Kania H, Sipa J. Microstructure characterization and corrosion resistance of zinc coating obtained on high-strength grade 109 bolts using a new thermal diffusion process. Materials. 2019;12:1400. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12091400.
  • 25. Jabłońska M, Jasiak K, Kowalczyk K, Bednarczyk I, Skwarski M, Tkocz M, Gronostajski Z. Deformation behaviour of high-manganese steel with addition of niobium under quasi-static tensile loading. Mater Sci-Pol. 2022;40:1-11. https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2022-0029.
  • 26. Krolicka A, Janik A, Żak A, Radwański K. The qualitative-quantitative approach to microstructural characterization of nanostructured bainitic steels using electron microscopy methods. Mater Sci-Pol. 2021;39:188-99. https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0017.
  • 27. Kubaszek T, Goral M, Pędrak P. Influence of air plasma spraying process parameters on the thermal barrier coating deposited with micro- and nanopowders. Mater Sci-Pol. 2022;40:80-92. https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2022-0034.
  • 28. Gornik M, Jonda E, Łatka L, Nowakowska M, Godzierz M. Influence of spray distance on mechanical and tribological properties of HVOF sprayed WC-Co-Cr coatings. Mater Sci-Pol. 2021;39:545-54. https://doi.org/10.2478/msp-2021-0047.
  • 29. Suliga M, Wartacz R. The influence of the angle of working part of die on the zinc coating thickness and mechanical properties of medium carbon steel wires. Arch Metal Mater. 2019;64:1295-9. https://doi.org/10.24425/amm.2019.130093.
  • 30. Roger N. Wright. Wire technology. Process Engineering and Metallurgy: Elsevier; 2011.
  • 31. Golis B. Methods of assessing selected properties of galvanized and non-galvanized linear wires (in Polish). Metal prod Res Develop Center Metal Prod Indus Krak,. 1984;2:1-30.
  • 32. Suliga M, Wartacz R, Michalczyk J. High speed multi-stage drawing process of hot-dip galvanised steel wires. Int J Adv Manuf Technol. 2022;120:7639-55. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-022-09277-y.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-4569922b-a895-4534-a476-a3e4fd937bb8
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