High-resolution mapping to assess risk of groundwater pollution by nitrates from agricultural activities in Wielkopolska Province, Poland

Zabłocki, Sebastian; Murat-Błażejewska, Sadżide; Trzeciak, Joanna Alicja; Błażejewski, Ryszard

doi:DOI 10.24425/aep.2022.140544

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

High-resolution mapping to assess risk of groundwater pollution by nitrates from agricultural activities in Wielkopolska Province, Poland

Autorzy

Zabłocki Sebastian , Murat-Błażejewska Sadżide , Trzeciak Joanna Alicja , Błażejewski Ryszard

Treść / Zawartość

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Identyfikatory

DOI

DOI 10.24425/aep.2022.140544

Warianty tytułu

Wysokorozdzielcza ocena ryzyka zanieczyszczenia wód podziemnych azotanami pochodzącymi z działalności rolniczej na obszarze Wielkopolski

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

The purpose of this research was to determine the groundwater intrinsic vulnerability to pollution of shallow groundwater in Wielkopolska Province, Poland and to assess the risk of pollution by nitrates. Wielkopolska is known as an area where the problem of water pollution by nitrates has existed for a long time due to intensive agriculture. DRASTIC method and its optimized version as well as four other risk evaluation methods were selected to assess the risk pollution with nitrates. The results of either method did not correlate with nitrate concentrations recorded in the total of 1679 groundwater monitoring points. Therefore a new method of groundwater pollution risk assessment (NV-L) was proposed. The new method is based on optimized results of the DRASTIC system and the L parameter which considers not only land use types, but also the amount of nitrogen loading leached from soil as a result of fertilizer consumption, and from wet deposition. The final results of NV-L method showed that the largest part of the study area is covered by a very low class of pollution risk (30.6%). The high and very high classes occupy 11.6% of the area, mostly in the areas designated until 2012 as the Nitrate Vulnerable Zones. Validation of the results of all methods showed that the other methods than NV-L cannot be used as a basis for reliable assessment of the risk of groundwater pollution by nitrates, as they do not take into account the nitrogen load leached from the soil profile.

Celem badań było określenie podatności wód podziemnych na zanieczyszczenie płytkich wód podziemnych w województwie wielkopolskim oraz ocena ryzyka zanieczyszczenia azotanami. Województwo wielkopolskie uważane jest za obszar, na którym od dawna znany jest problem zanieczyszczenia wód azotanami z powodu intensywnego rolnictwa. Do obliczenia indeksu podatności naturalnej wybrano metodę DRASTIC i jej zoptymalizowaną wersję, natomiast do oceny ryzyka zanieczyszczenia azotanami cztery metody będące modyfikacjami metody DRASTIC. Wynik żadnej z nich nie był skorelowany ze stężeniami azotanów odnotowanymi w 1679 punktach monitoringu wód podziemnych, dlatego zaproponowano nową metodę oceny zagrożenia wód podziemnych NV-L. Metoda opiera się na zoptymalizowanych wynikach systemu DRASTIC i parametrze L, który uwzględnia nie tylko typ użytkowania gruntów, ale także wielkość ładunku azotu, pochodzącego z wymywania z gleby nawozów mineralnych i organicznych oraz z mokrej depozycji w opadach. Wyniki metody NV-L wykazały, że największy obszar objęty jest bardzo niską klasą zagrożenia zanieczyszczeniami (30,6%). Klasa wysoka i bardzo wysoka zajmują 11,6% powierzchni, głównie na obszarach wyznaczanych do 2012 roku jako obszary szczególnie narażone na wymywanie azotu do wód powierzchniowych. Wyniki wskazują, że w procedurach zastosowanych metod oceny podatności brakowało pewnych ważnych informacji. Dlatego ich wyniki należy traktować jako szacunkowe i nie mogą one być wykorzystywane w dalszych analizach jako użyteczne narzędzie ochrony wód podziemnych. Uwzględnienie innych, nowych elementów do oceny podatności wód podziemnych lub ryzyka zanieczyszczenia, może okazać się kluczowym czynnikiem, jak miało to miejsce w przypadku metody NV-L i wykorzystania danych dotyczących ładunku azotu wymywanego z profilu glebowego.

Słowa kluczowe

shallow groundwater nitrates DRASTIC based methods Wielkopolska (Greater Poland) vulnerability/pollution risk

płytkie wody gruntowe azotany metody DRASTIC Wielkopolska podatność/ryzyko zanieczyszczenia

Wydawca

Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences

Czasopismo

Archives of Environmental Protection

Rocznik

2022

Tom

Vol. 48, no. 1

Strony

41--57

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 45 poz., map., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Zabłocki Sebastian

s.zablocki@uw.edu.pl

University of Warsaw, Poland

autor

Murat-Błażejewska Sadżide

Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

autor

Trzeciak Joanna Alicja

University of Warsaw, Poland

autor

Błażejewski Ryszard

Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland

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