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Process parameters influence the mechanical properties and nugget diameter of AISI 316 stainless steel during resistance spot welding

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Resistance spot welding (RSW) is an important fusion welding process used in many applications, including storage tanks, pipes, and medical tools. For this, should be improved the joints and developing the process parameters and through this research will be discussed the results and concept development. Herein, 1 mm-thick AISI 316 austenitic stainless steel was welded by RSW, and the effect of the welding process parameters, such as “welding current, pulses, squeeze time, and welding time”, on the mechanical properties, nugget diameter (ND), and microstructure of AISI 316 were investigated. As a result, there was a direct relationship between shear-tensile force and ND. The maximum shear-tensile force (12.5 kN) was obtained using 7500 A, 3 pulses, 1.8 s squeeze time, and 1 s welding time. The ND was maximized using 7500 A, 3 pulses, 1.6 s squeeze time, and 0.8 s welding time. The DOE analysis gives an indication about the relation between the parameters and ND on the hand and the parameters and shear strength on the other hand. The microstructure was investigated by optical microscopy, revealing the presence of martensitic, widmanstatten austenite, and ferrite structures.
Rocznik
Strony
79--89
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 30 poz., rys., wykr.
Twórcy
  • College of Engineering, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, IRAQ
  • Institute of Technology - Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, IRAQ
  • Engineering Technical College - Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, IRAQ
  • College of Engineering, Al-Iraqia University, Baghdad, IRAQ
  • Engineering Technical College - Baghdad, Middle Technical University, Baghdad, IRAQ
Bibliografia
  • [1] Zhou K. and Yao P. (2019): Overview of recent advances of process analysis and quality control in resistance spotwelding.– Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, vol.124, pp.170-198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2019.01.041.
  • [2] Hassoni S.M., Barrak O.S., Ismail M.I. and Hussein S.K. (2022): Effect of welding parameters of resistance spotwelding on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of 316L.– Materials Research, vol.25,https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-MR-2021-0117.
  • [3] Al-Mukhtar A.M. (2016): Review of resistance spot welding sheets: processes and failure mode.– In: AdvancedEngineering Forum, Trans. Tech. Publ, Ltd, pp.31-57, https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AEF.17.31.
  • [4] Osamah Sabah Barrak, Osamah Fattah Taresh, Mahmood Mohammed Hamzah and Rusul Ahmed Shakir (2023):An investigation of joining polyamide (PA) to Stainless Steel AISI 316L by hot press process.– Journal of Techniques,vol.5, No.1, pp.114-121, https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v5i1.1280.
  • [5] Pouranvari M. and Marashi S.P.H. (2013): Critical review of automotive steels spot welding: process, structure andproperties.– Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, vol.18, No.5, pp.361-403,https://doi.org/10.1179/1362171813Y.0000000120.
  • [6] Barrak O.S, Sar M.H, Saad M.L, Hussein A.K. and Hussein S.K. (2019): Using brass foil interlayer to improve theresistance spot welding AA5451 with apply taguchi method.– J. Mech. Eng. Res. Dev., vol.42, No.3, pp.120-124.
  • [7] Pouranvari M., Alizadeh S.H.M. and Marashi S.P.H. (2015): Welding metallurgy of stainless steels during resistancespot welding Part I: fusion zone.– Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, vol.20, No.6, pp.502-511,https://doi.org/10.1179/1362171815Y.0000000015.
  • [8] Husain I.M., Saad M.L., Barrak O.S., Hussain S.K. and Hamzah M.M. (2021): Shear force analysis of resistancespot welding of similar and dissimilar material: copper and carbon steel.– Mater. Sci. Eng., vol.1105, No.1,pp.012055.
  • [9] Akkaş N. (2017): Welding time effect on tensile-shear loading in resistance spot welding of SPA-H weathering steelsheets used in railway vehicles.– Acta Physica Polonica A, vol.131, No.1, pp.52-54,http://doi.org/10.12693/APhysPolA.131.52.
  • [10] Barrak, O.S., Hamzah M.M. and Hussein S.H. (2022): Friction stir spot welding of pure copper (c11000) with pre-holed threaded aluminum alloys (AA5052).– Journal of Applied Science and Engineering, vol.26, No.8, pp.1103-1110, https://doi.org/10.6180/jase.202308_26(8).0006.
  • [11] Jagadeesha T. (2017): Experimental studies in weld nugget strength of resistance spot-welded 316L austeniticstainless steel sheet.– The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, vol.93, pp.505-513,https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-017-0517-5.
  • [12] Sigler D.R., Carlson B.E. and Karagoulis M.J. (2019): Multi-stage resistance spot welding method for workpiecestack-up having adjacent steel and aluminum workpieces.– U.S. Patent No., vol.10, No.245, pp.675.
  • [13] Kang J., Shi L., Shalchi-Amirkhiz B., Sigler D., Haselhuhn A. and Carlson B. (2020): Microstructure and shearstrength of novel aluminum to steel resistance spot welds.– Welding Journal, vol.99, pp.67-74,https://doi.org/10.29391/2020.99.007.
  • [14] Eshraghi M., Tschopp M.A., Zaeem M.A. and Felicelli S.D. (2014): Effect of resistance spot welding parameters on weldpool properties in a DP600 dual-phase steel: A parametric study using thermomechanically-coupled finite elementanalysis.– Materials & Design (1980-2015), vol.56, pp.387-397, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2013.11.026.
  • [15] Essoussi H., Elmouhri S., Ettaqi S. and Essadiqi E. (2019): Microstructure and mechanical performance ofresistance spot welding of AISI 304 stainless steel and AISI 1000 series steel.– Procedia Manufacturing, vol.32,pp.872-876, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.promfg.2019.02.296.
  • [16] Wahed S.N.A., Hussein S.K. and Al-Saadi M.H. (2022): Disc forming by friction stir consolidation of AA2024chips.– Journal of Techniques, vol.4, No.1, pp.1-8, https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v4i1.442.
  • [17] Eisazadeh Hamid, Hamedi Mohsen and Halvaee Ayob. (2010): New parametric study of nugget size in resistancespot welding process using finite element method.– Materials & Design, vol.31, No.1, pp.149-157,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2009.06.042.
  • [18] Zhao D., Ren D., Song G., Zhao K., Liu L. and Zhang Z. (2020): Comparison of mechanical properties and thenugget formation of composite ceramic-centered annular welding and traditional resistance spot welding.–International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, vol.187, No.105933, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2020.105933.
  • [19] Ridha M.H., Saad M.L., Abdullah I.T., Barrak O.S., Hussein S.K. and Hussein A.K. (2022): Joining of carbon steelAISI 1006 to aluminum alloy AA6061-T6 via friction spot joining technique.– International Journal of AppliedMechanics and Engineering, vol.27, No.4, pp.1-12.
  • [20] Abdullah I.T. (2022): Friction spot joining of aluminium alloy AA 5052 to pre-holed steel AISI 1006 by extrusion ofaluminium into a rivet head die.– Journal of Techniques, vol.4, No.2, pp.10-20, https://doi.org/10.51173/jt.v4i2.492.
  • [21] Barrak O.S., Saad M.L., Mezher M.T., Hussein S.K. and Hamzah M.M. (2020): Joining of double pre-holedaluminum alloy AA6061-T6 to polyamide PA using hot press technique.– IOP Conf. Series Mater. Sci. Eng., vol.881,No.1, pp.012062.
  • [22] Brauser S., Pepke L.A., Weber G. and Rethmeier M. (2020): Deformation behaviour of spot-welded high strengthsteels for automotive applications.– Mater. Sci. Eng., vol.527, No.26, pp.7099-7108,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.07.091.
  • [23] Bhat S.D., Vijeesh V., Acharya P. and Rao M. (2021): Investigation of thin sheet stainless steel resistance spotwelds: Effect of weld current on nugget failure and microstructure.– Materials Today: Proceedings, vol.35, pp.361-365, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2004.11.027.
  • [24] Cheon J.Y., Vijayan V., Murgun S., Park Y.D., Kim J.H., Yu J.Y. and Ji C. (2019): Optimization of pulsed currentin resistance spot welding of Zn-coated hot-stamped boron steels.– Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology,vol.33, pp.1615-1621, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-019-0313-2.
  • [25] Mezher M.T., Barrak O.S. and Namer N.S.M. (2022). Modelling and experimental study of dissimilar arc studwelding of AISI 304L to AISI 316L stainless steel.– Int. Journal of Integrated Engineering, vol.14, No.6, pp.88-101.
  • [26] Hamzah M.M. and Hussein S.K. (2020): Effect of surface pretreatment on hot press lap joining of high densitypolyethylene to stainless steel alloy AISI 304L.– In: IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. IOPPublishing, p.012058.
  • [27] American Welding Society (2012): Recommended practices for resistance welding.– American National StandardsInstitute, ANSI, AWS/ ANSI C1.1M/C1.1:2012.
  • [28] Chen L., Zhang Y., Xue X., Wang B., Yang J., Zhang Z. and Barber G.C. (2022): Investigation on shearing strengthof resistance spot-welded joints of dissimilar steel plates with varying welding current and time.– Journal ofMaterials Research and Technology, vol.16, pp.1021-1028, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2021.12.079.
  • [29] Summerville C., Compston P. and Doolan M. (2019): A comparison of resistance spot weld quality assessmenttechniques.– Procedia Manufacturing, vol.29, pp.305-312.
  • [30] Khan M.I., Kuntz M.L., Biro E. and Zhou Y. (2008): Microstructure and mechanical properties of resistance spotwelded advanced high strength steels.– Materials Transactions, vol.49, No.7, pp.1629-1637,https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.MRA2008031.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-42e47033-3bc4-451b-8062-4f879503b757
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