Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
This paper discusses some game-theoretical methods for measuring indirect control in complex corporate shareholding networks. The methods use power indices to estimate the direct and indirect control in shareholding structures. Some of these methods only estimate the control power of investors (firms without shareholdings), and only a few measure the control power of all firms involved in shareholding networks (which means investors and stock companies). None of them takes measuring the importance of mutual connections (edges in the networks) into consideration; thus we focus in particular on an extension of these methods in this paper to measure both the control-power of the firms involved in complex shareholding structures (represented by nodes in networks) and the importance (power) of linkages between the firms as elements of a whole corporate shareholding network. More precisely, we apply our approaches to a theoretical example of a corporate network. Moreover, we continue the considerations about reasonable properties for indirect control measurement. Some ideas of new properties are proposed. The paper also provides a brief review of the literature concerning the topic.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
98--121
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 48 poz., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- AGH University of Science and Technology, al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
autor
- WSB University in Wroclaw, ul. Fabryczna 29/31, 53-609 Wrocław, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] ÁLVAREZ-MOZOS M., FERREIRA F., ALONSO-MEIJIDE J.M., PINTO A.A., Characterizations of power indices based on null player free winning coalitions, Optimization, 2015, 64 (3), 675–686, DOI: 10.1080/02331934.2012.756878.
- [2] BANZHAF J.F., Weighted voting doesn’t work: a mathematical analysis, Rutgers Law Rev., 1965, 19 (2), 317–343.
- [3] BARUA R., CHAKRAVARTY S.R., ROY S., On the Coleman indices of voting power, Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2006, 171 (1), 273–289, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2004.07.064.
- [4] BERLE A., MEANS G., The modern corporation and private property, Commerce Clearing House, New York 1932.
- [5] BERTINI C., FREIXAS J., GAMBARELLI G., STACH I., Comparing power indices, Int. Game Theory Rev., 2013, 15 (2), 1340004-1–1340004-19.
- [6] BERTINI C., MERCIK J., STACH I., Indirect control and power, Oper. Res. Dec., 2016, 26 (2), 7–30, DOI: 10.5277/ord160202.
- [7] BERTINI C., STACH I., Banzhaf voting power measure, [In:] K. Dowding (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Power, SAGE Publications, Los Angeles 2011, 54–55.
- [8] BERTINI C., STACH I., On public values and power indices, Dec. Making Manuf. Serv., 2015, 9 (1), 9–25, DOI: 10.7494/dmms.2015.9.1.9.
- [9] BORM P., OWEN G., TIJS S., On the position value for communication situations, SIAM J. Discrete Math., 1992, 5, 305–320.
- [10] BRAMS S.J., Game theory and politics, Free Press, New York 1975.
- [11] CRAMA Y., LERUTH L., Control and voting power in corporate networks: concepts and computational aspects, Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2007, 178, 879–893, DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2006.02.020.
- [12] CRAMA Y., LERUTH L., Power indices and the measurement of control in corporate structures, Int. Game Theory Rev., 2013, 15 (3), 1–15, DOI: 10.1142/S0219198913400173.
- [13] DEEGAN J., PACKEL E.W., To the (minimal winning) victors go the (equally divided) spoils: a new power index for simple n-person games, [In:] S.J. Brams, W.F. Lucas, P.D. Straffin (Eds)., Political and related models. Modules in applied mathematics, Springer, New York 1983, DOI: /10.1007/978-1-4612-5430-0_10.
- [14] DERKS J., HALLER H., Null players out? Linear values for games with variable supports, Int. Game Theory Rev., 1999, 1, 301–314.
- [15] DUBEY P., SHAPLEY L., Mathematical properties of the Banzhaf power index, Math. Oper. Res., 1979, 4 (2), 99–131.
- [16] FELSENTHAL D., MACHOVER M., Postulates and paradoxes of relative voting power. A critical reappraisal, Theory Dec., 1995, 38, 195–229.
- [17] FELSENTHAL D.S., MACHOVER M., The measurement of voting power. Theory and practice, problems and paradoxes, Edward Elgar Publishers, London 1998.
- [18] FORLICZ S., MERCIK J., RAMSEY D., STACH I., The Shapley value for multigraphs, [In:] N.T. Nguyen, E. Pimenidis, Z. Khan, B. Trawiński (Eds.), Comp. Coll. Int. LNAI, Vol. 11056, 10th International Conference, ICCCI 2018, Bristol, UK, September 5–7, 2018, Part II, 213–221, Springer, Cham 2018, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-98446-9_20.
- [19] FREIXAS J., MARCINIAK D., PONS M., On the ordinal equivalence of the Johnston, Banzhaf and Shapley power indices, Eur. J. Oper. Res., 2012, 216 (2), 367–375.
- [20] GAMBARELLI G., OWEN G., Indirect control of corporations, Int. J. Game Theory, 1994, 23, 287–302.
- [21] HU X., SHAPLEY L.S., On authority distributions in organizations: controls, Games Econ. Beh., 2003, 45, 153–170.
- [22] HU X., SHAPLEY L.S., On authority distributions in organizations: equilibrium, Games Econ. Beh., 2003, 45, 132–152.
- [23] Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/difference-between-preferred-stock-and- common -stock, accessed 11 February 2019.
- [24] JOHNSTON R.J., On the measurement of power. Some reactions to Laver, Environ. Plan. A, 1978, 10 (8), 907–914, DOI: 10.1068/a100907.
- [25] KAROS D., PETERS H., Indirect control and power in mutual control structures, Games Econ. Beh., 2015, 92, 150–165, DOI: 10.1016/j.geb.2015.06.003.
- [26] KILGOUR D.M., A Shapley value analysis for cooperative games with quarrelling, [In:] A. Rapoport (Ed.), Game theory as a theory of conflict resolution, D. Reidel, Dordrecht 1974, 193–206.
- [27] KOŁODZIEJ M., STACH I., Control sharing analysis and simulation, [In:] T. Sawik (Ed.), 13th International Conference on Industrial Logistics, ICIL 2016, Zakopane, Poland, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow 2016, 101–108.
- [28] LARUELLE A., On the choice of a power index, Working Papers AD 1999-20, 1999, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas (Ivie).
- [29] LEECH D., Shareholder voting power and ownership control of companies, Homo Oecon., 2002, 19, 345–371, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35929-3_25.
- [30] LEVY M., SZAFARZ A., Cross-ownership: a device for management entrenchment?, Review of Finance, 2017, 21 (4), 1675–1699, DOI: 10.1093/rof/rfw009.
- [31] MEESSEN R., Communication games, Master’s thesis, Dept. of Mathematics, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands, 1988 (In Dutch).
- [32] MERCIK J.W., A priori veto power of the president of Poland, Oper. Res. Dec., 2009, 19 (4), 61–75.
- [33] MERCIK J., ŁOBOS K., Index of implicit power as a measure of reciprocal ownership, [In:] N.T. Nguyen, R. Kowalczyk, J. Mercik (Eds.), Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence 23, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9760, Springer, Heidelberg 2016, 128–140, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-52886-0_8.
- [34] MERCIK J., STACH I., On measurement of control in corporate structures, [In:] N.T. Nguyen, R. Kowalczyk, J. Mercik, A. Motylska-Kuźma (Eds.), Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence 31, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 11290, Springer, Berlin 2018, 64–79, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-58464-4_7.
- [35] MYERSON R., Graphs and cooperation in games, Math. Oper. Res., 1977, 2 (3), 225–229.
- [36] NEVISON H., Structural power and satisfaction in simple games, [In:] S.J. Brams, A. Schotter, G. Schwödiauer (Eds.), Applied Game Theory, Physica, Heidelberg 1979, 39–57, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-41501-6_3.
- [37] PENROSE L.S., The elementary statistics of majority voting, J. Royal Stat. Soc., 1946, 109 (1), 53–57, DOI: 10.2307/2981392.
- [38] PETERS H., TIMMER J., VAN DEN BRINK R., Power on digraphs, Oper. Res. Dec., 2016, 26 (2), 107–125, DOI: 10.5277/ord160207.
- [39] SHAPLEY L.S., SHUBIK M., A method for evaluating the distributions of power in a committee system, Am. Pol. Sci. Rev., 1954, 48 (3), 787–792, DOI: 10.2307/1951053.
- [40] STACH I., Proper simple game, [In:] K. Dowding (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Power, SAGE Publications, Los Angeles 2011, 537–539.
- [41] STACH I., 2011 Shapley–Shubik index, [In:] K. Dowding (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Power, SAGE Publications, Los Angeles 2011, 603–606.
- [42] STACH I., Power measures and public goods, [In:] N.T. Nguyen, R. Kowalczyk, J. Mercik (Eds.), Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence 23, Lecture Notes in Computer Science 9760, Springer, Heidelberg 2016, 99–110, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-52886-0_6.
- [43] STACH I., Indirect control of corporations: analysis and simulations, Dec. Making Manuf. Services, 2017, 11 (1–2), 31–51, DOI: 10.7494/dmms.2017.11.1-2.31.
- [44] STRAFFIN P.D., Power indices in politics, [In:] S.J. Brams, W.F. Lucas, P.D. Straffin (Eds.), Political nd related models. Modules in applied mathematics, Springer, New York 1983, DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4612-5430-0_11.
- [45] TURNOVEC F., Privatization, ownership structure and transparency: How to measure the true involvement of the state, Eur. J. Pol. Econ., 1999, 15, 605–618.
- [46] VAN DEN BRINK R., The Apex power measure for directed networks, Soc. Choice Welf., 2002, 19 (4),845–867, DOI: 10.1007/s003550200162.
- [47] VAN DEN BRINK R., BORM P., Digraph competitions and cooperative games, Theory Dec., 2002, 53, 327–342.
- [48] VAN DEN BRINK R., GILLES R., Measuring domination in directed networks, Soc. Net., 2000, 22, 141–157, DOI: 10.1016/S0378-8733 (00)00019-8.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-426a484b-d94c-472e-bfb1-bd68175fc676