Photodynamic therapy of melanoma. Monte Carlo modeling of light transport in human pigmented skin

• Autorzy: Matuszak Z.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Among many available methods used in clinical practice to treat cancer tissues, Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively new tool. PDT is an enhancement of chemotherapy. To destroy cancerous tissue, photosensitizer (PS), oxygen (O2) and light - three crucial elements of PDT - have to work together to produce sufficiently high concentration of cytotoxic reagents, reactive species of oxygen (ROS), mainly singlet oxygen 1O2. To effectively generate 1O2, light intensity needed for the activation PS should achieve appropriate value in the place of the location of PS within the cancerous lesion. In pigmented cancers amount of melanin is larger than in normal tissues due to proliferation of melanoma cells. Melanin strongly absorbs light and attenuates its intensity. To investigate the influence of melanin on PDT efficiency, a seven-layer computer skin model was proposed and tentatively examined in this work. Influence of melanin on light intensity distribution was simulated with Monte Carlo method. For some fluence rate values (50,100,150 and 200 mWcm-2) the computer simulations of PDT effect using parameters of porphyrin photosensitizer (tritiolyloporphyrin, λex=650 nm) and kinetic schema of PDT based on Jablonski diagram were analyzed. Simulations have shown that fluence rate values strongly modify efficiency of therapy and in the case of low fluence rate values deeper laying cancerous cell would not be killed due to too low 1O2 production. Additionally it was shown that the problem of estimation of melanin content in tissue can be solved by measurement of diffuse reflectance of skin. The possibilities of further development of the model were also briefly discussed.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

photodynamic therapy; melanin; skin; light transport; Monte Carlo; modeling

• Wydawca: Uniwersytet Jagielloński - Collegium Medicum ; Index Copernicus Sp. z o.o.
• Czasopismo: Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Vol. 7, no. 2
• Strony: 85--93
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 36 poz., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Matuszak Z.

• Department of Medical Physics and Biophysics Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Sciences, AGH-University of Science and Technology Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow

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