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Globalization and trade among developed and developing countries has increased the need of risk communication at the workplace. The purpose of this study was to examine differences in risk communication and perception in various countries. It looked at hazard perception associated with colors and safety words among Indian industry workers. Fifty workers participated in the study focused on hazard rating of 9 safety words and 7 colors. In one part of the study the participants were asked to associate colors with safety words through recalling them from their long-term memory; in another they were asked to associate safety words with given colors. The results showed that certain words and colors implied different hazard rating at the workplace. The rank ordering of safety words and colors varied significantly in different countries. Hence population factors should be taken into consideration when designing standards for hazard communication.
Słowa kluczowe
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Tom
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407--416
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 15 poz., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Jawaharlal Darda Institute of Engineering & Technology, Yavatmal, India
autor
- Professor Ram Meghe Institute of Technology & Research, Badnera, India
autor
- Jawaharlal Darda Institute of Engineering & Technology, Yavatmal, India
Bibliografia
- 1.American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Safety color code (Standard No. ANSI Z535.1-2002). Arlington, VA, USA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association; 2002.
- 2.American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Criteria for safety symbols (Standard No. ANSI Z535.3-2002). Rosslyn, VA, USA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association; 2002.
- 3.American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Product safety information in product manuals, instructions, and other collateral materials (Standard No. ANSI Z535.6-2006). Rosslyn, VA, USA: National Electrical Manufacturers Association; 2006.
- 4.Occupational safety and health: OSHA action needed to improve compliance with hazard communication standard (GAO/HRD-92-8). Washington, DC, USA: U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO); 1991.
- 5.U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Hazard communication guidelines for compliance (OSHA 3111); 2000. Retrieved May 6, 2008, from: http://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3111.pdf.
- 6.Hazard communication, OSHA article 89, section 32M (b). Retrieved May 6, 2008, from: http://www.cintas.com/First AidSafety/OSHAGuidelines.aspx.
- 7.U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). Safety color code for marking physical hazards (Standard No. 1910.144); 2007. Retrieved May 6, 2008, from: http://www .osha.gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp.show_document?p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9793.
- 8.Ceatham C, Shaver EMS, Wogalter M. Developing effective warnings for the workplace; 2003. Retrieved March 13, 2008, from: http://www.ohsonline.com/articles/44549/.
- 9.Dunlap GL, Granda RE, Kustas MS. Observer perceptions of implied hazard: safety signal words and color words (Technical Report TR 00.3428). Poughkeepsie, NY, USA: IBM; 1986.
- 10.Chapanis A. Hazards associated with three signal words and four colors on warning signs. Ergonomics. 1994;37:265–75.
- 11.Banda SF, Sichilongo K. Analysis of the comprehensibility testing of labels and SDSs in chemical hazard communication: a case study for Zambia; 2002. Retrieved March 13, 2008, from: http://www .unitar.org/cwm/publications/cbl/ghs/Documents_2ed/F_Guidance_Awareness_Raising_and_Training_Materials/62_Zambia_Case-Study.pdf.
- 12.Yu R-F, Chan AHS, Salvendy G. Chinese perceptions of implied hazard for signal words and surround shapes. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing. 2003;14(1):69–80.
- 13.Luximon A, Chung LW, Goonetilleke RS. Safety signal words and color codes: the perception of implied hazard by Chinese people. In: Proceedings of the 5th Pan-Pacific Conference on Occupational Ergonomics. Retrieved March 13, 2008, from: http://www-ieem.ust.hk/dfaculty/ravi/papers/safety.pdf.
- 14.Sattler B, Lippy B, Jordan TG. Hazard communication: a review of the science underpinning the art of communication for health and safety. Submitted to ToxaChemica International in a subcontract to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration; 2007. Retrieved March 13, 2008, from: http://www.osha.gov/SLTC/hazardcommunications/hc2inf2.html.
- 15.Martin LF. Cultural differences in risk perception: an examination of USA and Ghanaian perception of risk communication [Master of Science thesis]. Blacksburg, VA, USA: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Retrieved February 19, 2007, from: http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05282004-144004/unrestricted/LFMartin_Thesis.pdf.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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