Tytuł artykułu
Treść / Zawartość
Pełne teksty:
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Purpose: Rubber is widely used in tires, mechanical parts, and user goods where elasticity is necessary. Some essential features persist unsolved, primarily if they function in excessive mechanical properties. It is required to study elastomeric Rubber's performance, which is operational in high-level dynamic pressure and high tensile strength. These elastomeric aims to increase stress breaking and preserve highly pressurised tensile strength. Design/methodology/approach: The effects of carbon black polymer matrix on the tensile feature of different Rubber have been numerically investigated in this research. Rubber's material characteristics properties were measured using three different percentages (80%, 90%and 100%) of carbon black filler parts per Hundreds Rubber (pphr). Findings: This study found that the tensile strength and elongation are strengthened as the carbon black filler proportion increases by 30%. Practical implications: This research study experimental tests for Rubber within four hyperelastic models: Ogden's Model, Mooney-Rivlin Model, Neo Hooke Model, Arruda- Boyce Model obtain the parameters for the simulation of the material response using the finite element method (FEM) for comparison purposes. These four models have been extensively used in research within Rubber. The hyperelastic models have been utilised to predict the tensile test curves—the accurate description and prediction of elastomer rubber models. For four models, elastomeric material tensile data were used in the FEA package of Abaqus. The relative percentage error was calculated when predicting fitness in selecting the appropriate model—the accurate description and prediction of elastomer rubber models. For four models, elastomeric material tensile data were used in the FEA package of Abaqus. The relative percentage error was calculated when predicting fitness in selecting the appropriate model. Numerical Ogden model results have shown that the relative fitness error was the case with large strains are from 1% to 2.04%. Originality/value: In contrast, other models estimate parameters with fitting errors from 2.3% to 49.45%. The four hyperelastic models were tensile test simulations conducted to verify the efficacy of the tensile test. The results show that experimental data for the uniaxial test hyperelastic behaviour can be regenerated effectively as experiments. Ultimately, it was found that Ogden's Model demonstrates better alignment with the test data than other models.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
75--85
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 49 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- Climate Change-Scotland, UK
autor
- Al-Farahidi University, College of Technical Engineering, Iraq
autor
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Iraq
autor
- Engineering Consultant, Stress & Materials, Safran Electrical & Power, Pitstone, Buckinghamshire, UK
autor
- Materials Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Mustansiriyah University, Iraq
Bibliografia
- [1] A.N. Gent (ed.), Engineering With Rubber: How to Design Rubber Components, 2nd Edition, Hanser Gardner, 2001.
- [2] R.W. Ogden, D.G. Roxburgh, A Pseudo-Elastic Model for the Mullins Effect in Filled Rubber, Proceedings: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 455 (1999) 2861-2877.
- [3] C. Miehe, J.J. Keck, Superimposed finite elastic– viscoelastic–plastoelastic stress response with damage in filled rubbery polymers. Experiments, modelling and algorithmic implementation, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 48/2 (2000) 323-365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(99)00017-4
- [4] J.S. Bergström, M.C. Boyce, Constitutive modeling of the time-dependent and cyclic loading of elastomers and application to soft biological tissues, Mechanics of Materials 33/9 (2001) 523-530. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6636(01)00070-9
- [5] G. Marckmann, E. Verron, L. Gornet, G. Chagnon, P. Charrier, P.J. Fort, A theory of network alteration for the Mullins effect, Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 50/9 (2002) 2011-2028. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00136-3
- [6] A.D. Drozdov, A. Dorfmann, Constitutive Model in Finite Viscoelasticity of Particle-reinforced Rubbers, Meccanica 39 (2004) 245-270. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:MECC.0000022848.21830.c2
- [7] A. Dorfmann, R. Ogden, A constitutive model for the Mullins effect with permanent set in particle-reinforced rubber. International Journal of Solids and Structures 41/7 (2004) 1855-1878. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.11.014
- [8] H.G. Kilian, H.F. Enderle, K. Unseld, The use of the van der Waals model to elucidate universal aspects of structure-property relationships in simply extended dry and swollen rubbers, Colloid and Polymer Science 264 (1986) 866-876. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01410637
- [9] O.H. Yeoh, P.D. Fleming, A new attempt to reconcile the statistical and phenomenological theories of rubber elasticity, Journal of Polymer Science B 35/12 (1997) 1919-1931. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099- 0488(19970915)35:12%3C1919::AID-POLB7%3E3.0.CO;2-K
- [10] M.C. Boyce, Direct Comparison of the Gent and the Arruda-Boyce Constitutive Models of Rubber Elasticity, Rubber Chemistry and Technology 69/5 (1996) 781-785. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3538401
- [11] G. Chagnon, G. Marckmann, E. Verron, A Comparison of the Hart-Smith Model with Arruda-Boyce and Gent Formulations for Rubber Elasticity, Rubber Chemistry and Technology 77/4 (2004) 724-735. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3547847
- [12] D.J. Seibert, N. Schöche, Direct Comparison of Some Recent Rubber Elasticity Models, Rubber Chemistry and Technology 73/2 (2000) 366-384. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3547597
- [13] M.C. Boyce, E.M. Arruda, Constitutive Models of Rubber Elasticity: A Review, Rubber Chemistry and Technology 73/3 (2000) 504-523. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5254/1.3547602
- [14] L.R.G. Treloar, Stress-strain data for vulcanised rubber under various types of deformation, Transactions of the Faraday Society 40 (1944) 59-70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/TF9444000059
- [15] M.M. Attard, G.W. Hunt, Hyperelastic constitutive modeling under finite strain, International Journal of Solids and Structures 41/18-19 (2004) 5327-5350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2004.03.016
- [16] A.K. Geim, K.S. Novoselov, The rise of graphene, Nature Materials 6 (2007) 183-191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat1849
- [17] G. Prusty, S.K. Swain, Dispersion of expanded graphite as nanoplatelets in a copolymer matrix and its effect on thermal stability, electrical conductivity and permeability, New Carbon Materials 27/4 (2012) 271-277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1872- 5805(12)60017-1
- [18] S. Iijima, Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon, Nature 354 (1991) 56-58. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/354056a0
- [19] J. Biscoe, B.E. Warren, An X-ray study of carbon black, Journal of Applied Physics 13 (1942) 364-371. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1714879
- [20] H.W. Kroto, J.R. Heath, S.C. O'Brien, F.F. Curl, R.E. Smalley, C60: buckminsterfullerene, Nature 318 (1985) 162-163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/318162a0
- [21] S. Gantayat, N. Sarkar, G. Prusty, D. Rout, S.K. Swain, Designing of epoxy matrix by chemically modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes, Advances in Polymer Technology 37/1 (2018) 176-184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/adv.21654
- [22] V. Kumar, D.J. Lee, Studies of nanocomposites based on carbon nanomaterials and RTV silicone rubber, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 134/4 (2017) 44407. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/app.44407
- [23] A.K. Geim, Graphene: status and prospects, Science 324/5934 (2009) 1530-1534. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1158877
- [24] Q. Zhang, J.Q. Huang, Y.Z. Qian, Y.Y. Zhang, F. Wei, The road for nanomaterials industry: a review of carbon nanotube production, post-treatment, and bulk applications for composites and energy storage, Nano. Micro. Small 9/8 (2013) 1237-1265. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201203252
- [25] S.K. Swain, A.K. Pradhan, H.S. Sahu, Synthesis of gas barrier starch by dispersion of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes, Carbohydrate Polymers 94/1 (2013) 663-668. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.056
- [26] A.M. Shanmugharaj, J.H. Bae, K.Y. Lee, W.H. Noh, S.H. Lee, S.H. Ryu, Physical and chemical character-istics of multiwalled carbon nanotubes functionalized with aminosilane and its influence on the properties of natural rubber composites, Composites Science and Technology 67/9 (2007) 1813-1822. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.10.021
- [27] K. Kueseng, K.I. Jacob, Natural rubber nanocom-posites with SiC nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, European Polymer Journal 42/1 (2006) 220-227. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2005.05.011
- [28] M.A. Lopez-Manchado, J. Biagiotti, L. Valentini, J.M. Kenny, Dynamic mechanical and Raman spectroscopy studies on the interaction between single-walled carbon nanotubes and natural rubber, Journal of Applied Polymer Science 92/5 (2004) 3394-3400. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/app.20358
- [29] S. Joly, G. Gernaud, R. Ollitrault, L. Bokobza, J.E. Mark, Organically modified layered silicates as reinforcing fillers for natural Rubber, Chemistry of Materials 14/10 (2002) 4202-4208. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/cm020093e
- [30] ABAQUS/Standard User and Theory Manuals, version 5.8, HKS Inc, USA, 1998.
- [31] P. Raos, Modelling of elastic behaviour of Rubber and its application in FEA, Plastics, Rubber and Composites Processing and Applications 19/5 (1993) 293-303.
- [32] ASTM D412-98a: Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Rubbers and Thermoplastic Elastomers-Tension, ASTM Interna-tional, West Conshohocken, PA, 1998.
- [33] M.A. Al-Shammari, M. Al-Waily, Theoretical and Numerical Vibration Investigation Study of Orthotropic Hyper Composite Plate Structure, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering 14/6 (2014) 1-21.
- [34] M. Al-Waily, K.K. Resan, A.H. Al-Wazir, Z.A.A. Abud Ali, Influences of Glass and Carbon Powder Reinforcement on the Vibration Response and Characterization of an Isotropic Hyper Composite Materials Plate Structure, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering 17/6 (2017) 74-85.
- [35] M.A. Al-Shammari, M. Al-Waily, Analytical Investigation of Buckling Behavior of Honeycombs Sandwich Combined Plate Structure, International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development 8/4 (2018) 771-786.
- [36] E.N. Abbas, M.J. Jweeg, M. Al-Waily, Analytical and Numerical Investigations for Dynamic Response of Composite Plates Under Various Dynamic Loading with the Influence of Carbon Multi-Wall Tube Nano Materials, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering 18/6 (2018) 1-10.
- [37] H.J. Abbas, M.J. Jweeg, M. Al-Waily, A.A. Diwan, Experimental Testing and Theoretical Prediction of Fiber Optical Cable for Fault Detection and Identification, Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 14/2 (2019) 430-438. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36478/jeasci.2019.430.438
- [38] E.A. Abbod, M. Al-Waily, Z.M.R. Al-Hadrayi, K.K. Resan, S.M. Abbas, Numerical and Experimental Analysis to Predict Life of Removable Partial Denture, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 870 (2020) 012149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/870/1/012149
- [39] E.N. Abbas, M. Al-Waily, T.M. Hammza, M.J. Jweeg, An Investigation to the Effects of Impact Strength on Laminated Notched Composites used in Prosthetic Sockets Manufacturing, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 928 (2020) 022081. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/928/2/022081
- [40] J.M. Allport, A.J. Day, Statistical mechanics material model for the constitutive modelling of elastomeric compounds, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers C 210/6 (1996) 575-585. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1243%2FPIME_PROC_1996_210_ 232_02
- [41] Q.H. Jebur, P. Harrison, Z.Y. Guo, G. Schubert, V. Navez, Characterisation and modelling of a melt-extruded LDPE closed-cell foam, Applied Mechanics and Materials 70 (2011) 105-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.70.105
- [42] M.J. Jweeg, M. Al-Waily, A.A. Deli, Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of Buckling of Orthotropic Hyper Composite Plates, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering 15/4 (2015) 1-12.
- [43] A.A. Kadhim, M. Al-Waily, Z.A.A. Abud Ali, M.J. Jweeg, K.K. Resan, Improvement Fatigue Life and Reinforcement with Different Powder Materials, International Journal of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering 18/2 (2018) 77-86.
- [44] J.S. Chiad, M. Al-Waily, M.A. Al-Shammari, Buckling Investigation of Isotropic Composite Plate Reinforced by Different Types of Powders, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 9/9 (2018) 305-317.
- [45] M.M. Abdulridha, N.D. Fahad, M. Al-Waily, K.K. Resan, Rubber Creep Behavior Investigation with Multi Wall Tube Carbon Nano Particle Material Effect, International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology 9/12 (2018) 729-746.
- [46] M. Al-Waily, M.A. Al-Shammari, M.J. Jweeg, An Analytical Investigation of Thermal Buckling Behavior of Composite Plates Reinforced by Carbon Nano Particles, Engineering Journal 24/3 (2020) 11-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4186/ej.2020.24.3.11
- [47] E.N. Abbas, M.J. Jweeg, M. Al-Waily, Fatigue Characte-rization of Laminated Composites used in Prosthetic Sockets Manufacturing, Journal of Mechanical Engineer-ing Research and Developments 43/5 (2020) 384-399.
- [48] E.K. Njim, M. Al-Waily, S.H. Bakhy, A Review of the Recent Research on the Experimental Tests of Functionally Graded Sandwich Panels, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Research and Developments 44/3 (2021) 420-441.
- [49] Q.H. Jebur, M.J. Jweeg, M. Al-Waily, Ogden model for characterising and simulation of PPHR Rubber under different strain rates, Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering (2021) (published online).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-40ab7fe8-b4e8-4cb6-8406-468fa4029a09