Technological and organisational challenges for e-mobility

• Autorzy: Stańczyk Tomasz Lech , Hyb Lech

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.14669/AM.VOL84.ART5

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

With the rapid growth of schemes and initiatives to promote e-mobility and numerous measures taken to ensure its quick and effective implementation, there is a wide range of technological and non-technological problems, especially organisational, economic, legal and social in nature, that have to be handled by national and local governments all over the world. This article addresses some of the technological and organisational challenges for electromobility. The key technology-related issues to be coped with are the need for longer ranges of electric vehicles (EVs), shorter charging times and smart power grids (because of a higher demand for electrical energy). Another important problem to be solved urgently is the high battery weight, affecting the vehicle dynamics. Because of the excessive weight of the battery pack, there is a risk of its displacement during a crash, which may jeopardize the safety on the road. The next big concern, also associated with safety, is protection against electrical and fire hazards in the event of a collision. The most important of all the organisational challenges related to EVs is the necessity to create networks of charging stations. Their insufficient number and unsatisfactory distribution are strong barriers hampering the development of e-mobility. The organisational measures also include privileges such as access to bus lanes, already offered in some countries. Finally, there is the need to urgently train a large number of electricians to test and maintain EVs, the need to create a recycling system for used EV batteries, and the need to deal with the organisational aspects of the development of smart power grids.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

electric vehicles; hybrid vehicles; e-mobility; electric drive

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Sieci Badawczej Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowego Instytutu Motoryzacji
• Czasopismo: Archiwum Motoryzacji
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: Vol. 84, nr 2
• Strony: 57--70
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 28 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Stańczyk Tomasz Lech

• Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Department of Automotive Engineering and Transport, Kielce University of Technology, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce

autor

Hyb Lech

Bibliografia

• [1] Air quality in Europe – 2017 report. European Environment Agency Report/No 13/2017. www.eea.europa.eu/ publications/air-quality-in-europe-2017 access date: 05.12.2017.
• [2] Arefin M.A., Mallik A.: Hybridization of battery and ultra capacitor for low weigh electric vehicle. Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, 2018, 2(1), 43–50, DOI:10.30464/jmee.2018.2.1.43.
• [3] Breakthrough of electric vehicle threatens European car industry. https://www.ing.nl/media/ing_ebz_breakthrough-of-electric-vehicle-threatens-european-car-industry_tcm162-128687.pdf access date: 07.05.2019.
• [4] Comparison of ranges and performance of electric cars (in Polish). Portal Samochodyelektryczne.org, 21.10.2015 http://samochodyelektryczne.org/porownania_zasiegow_i_osiagow_pojazdow_elektrycznych.htm access date: 05.05.2017.
• [5] Datta A., Ledbetter B.K., Rahman M.A.: Optimal deployment of charging stations for electric vehicles: A formal approach. Proc. 2017 IEEE 37th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. 83-90, DOI:10.1109/ICDCSW.2017.26.
• [6] Electromobility. Pre-feasibility study (in Polish). Report for NCBiR (National Centre for Research and Development). Edited by S. Wójtowicz ,Warszawa 2011.
• [7] Gidlewski M., Jemioł L.: Study of side car collisions. The speed of the cars after the collision. (in Polish); Proceedings of IX International Science-Technical Conference, "AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY 2014". Publishing house of Kielce University of Technology, Kielce – Rajecke Teplice (Slovakia), 2014, 79–93.
• [8] Gis W., Waśkiewicz J., Gis M.: Projections of future use of electric cars. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport. 2015, 22(2), 55–62, DOI: 10.5604/12314005.1165395.
• [9] Gołębiewski W., Lisowski M.: Theoretical evaluation of the effect of operating parameters on electric vehicle energy consumption and driving range. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport. 2016, 23(4), 117–125, DOI:10.5604/12314005.1217197.
• [10] Gorzelany J.: The Longest Range Electric Cars For 2019. https://insideevs.com/features/342424/the-longestrange-electric-cars-for-2019/ access date: 07.05.2019.
• [11] Houseman D.: The Future of Batteries in an Electrified Fleet: Storage Will Play a Major Role. IEEE Electrification Magazine. 2018, 6(3), 44–48, DOI: 10.1109/MELE.2018.2849920.
• [12] Ivanov R., Sapundzhiev M., Kadikyanov G., Staneva G.: Energy characteristics of Citroen Berlingo converted to electric vehicle. Transport Problems. 2018, 13(3), 151–161, DOI: 10.20858/tp.2018.13.3.14.
• [13] Liberto C., Valenti G., Orchi S., Lelli M., Nigro M., Ferrara M.: The Impact of Electric Mobility Scenarios in Large Urban Areas: The Rome Case Study. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems. 2018, 19(11), 3540–3549, DOI: 10.1109/TITS.2018.2832004.
• [14] Łukjanow S., Zieliński W.: Examination and assessment of electric vehicles’ operational safety. The Archives of Automotive Engineering – Archiwum Motoryzacji. 2016, 74(4), 59–82, DOI: 10.14669/AM.VOL74.ART5.
• [15] Matzke M.: The fiasco of the vision of electromobility in Germany (in Polish). Portal Deutsche Welle, 19.05.2017, http://www.dw.com/pl/fiasko-wizji-elektromobilno-w-rfn/a-38910513 access date: 02.09.2017.
• [16] Merkisz-Guranowska A., Daszkiewicz P.: Possibility of reducing CO2 emissions for example electric vehicles. Journal of KONES Powertrain and Transport. 2014, 21(3), 211–217, DOI: 10.5604/12314005.1133215.
• [17] Moghaddam Z., Ahmad I., Habibi D., Phung Q.V.: Smart charging strategies for electric vehicles charging stations. IEEE Transaction on Transportation Electrification. 2018, 4(1), 76–88, DOI: 10.1109/TTE.2017.2753403.
• [18] Muha R., Perosa A.: Energy consumption and carbon footprint of an electric vehicle and a vehicle with an internal combustion engine. Transport Problems. 2018, 13(2), 49–58, DOI: 10.20858/tp.2018.13.2.5.
• [19] Oman H.: Making batteries last longer [for electric vehicles]. IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine. 1999, 14(9), 19–21, DOI: 10.1109/62.793449.
• [20] Pawelski Z., Zdziennicki Z.: Model of vehicle electric drive system. Journal of KONES. 2017, 24(3), 211–220, DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.3079.
• [21] Regulation No 10 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to electromagnetic compatibility L 116/1.
• [22] Regulation No 100 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE) — Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to specific requirements for the electric power train. Official Journal of the European Union [2015/505]. L 87/1.
• [23] Rzędowska A.: Norwegian problems of electromobility (in Polish). Portal BiznesAlert.Pl, 29.11.2016, http://biznesalert.pl/rzedowska-norweskie-problemy-elektromobilnosci/ access date: 05.09.2017.
• [24] Szyjko C.T.: Dilemmas of electric motorization. A new culture of mobility (in Polish). Energia.Gigawat. No 5/2013.
• [25] Szymalski W.: Electromobility - the second wave of electrification of transport (in Polish). Portal Chrońmy Klimat.pl, 12.12.2016, http://www.chronmyklimat.pl/content/files/2017/Elektromobilnosc_druga_fala_elektryfikacji_transportu.pdf access date: 05.09.2017.
• [26] Zasięg samochodów elektrycznych. https://elektrowoz.pl/porady/samochody-elektryczne-2017-rankingzasiegu-segmentu-segment-c-np-vw-e-golf-wrzesien-2017/ access date: 07.05.2019.
• [27] Zhanga G., Geb S., Xub T., Yanga X.G., Tiana H., Wang C.Y.: Rapid self-heating and internal temperature sensing of lithium-ion batteries at low temperatures. Electrochimica Acta. 2016, 218, 149–155, DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.09.117.
• [28] Zhanga G., Geb S., Yanga X.G., Leng Y., Marple D., Wang C.Y.: Rapid restoration of electric vehicle battery performance while driving at cold temperatures. Journal of Power Sources. 2017, 371, 35–40, DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.10.029.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).