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Study on the Development of Household Wastewater Treatment Unit

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Treść / Zawartość
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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The cities of Iraq in general and the city of Al Diwaniyah in particular are characterized by the fact that the majority of households use septic tank to dispose of sewage, leading to contamination of ground and surface water and a disturbance to the environment. The objective of this study is to protect the water and soil sources from the risk of pollution, eliminate the process of perfusion and thus, reduce costs, maintain public health, as well as design and implement the proposed purification unit for domestic wastewater treatment. A domestic wastewater treatment unit has been improved to meet the standard specifications for the quality of the effluent wastewater. In this study, a compact non-electric sewage treatment unit was improved and implemented. Treatment is based on an effective modern biological purification process. Experimental verification and analysis of results were performed to demonstrate the improvement of physical and chemical parameters. The performance of the septic tanks-bioreactor gave satisfactory results. The removal efficiencies of Total Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Total Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), NH4-N, Total Nitrogen and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) were 96.9%, 84.6%, 78.8%, 79.9% and 95.3%, respectively.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
63--71
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 18 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
  • University of Al-Qadisiyah, College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Iraq
Bibliografia
  • 1. Adrados B., Sánchez O., Arias C.A., Becares E., Garrido L., Mas J., Brix H., Morató J. 2014. Microbial communities from different types of natural wastewater treatment systems: vertical and horizontal flow constructed wetlands and biofilters. Water Res., 55, 304–312
  • 2. Alison W., Michael B., Troy H., Xiaobo X., Nicholas A.B., Jay G., 2015. Cost-effectiveness of nitrogen mitigation by alternative household wastewater management technologies., Journal of Environmental Management, 150, 344–354
  • 3. APHA, 2005. Standard methods for the examinations of water and wastewater. 21st ed.Washington, DC: American Public Health Association.
  • 4. Baker A., Cumberland S.A., Bradley C., Buckley C., Bridgeman J., 2015. To what extent can portable fluorescence spectroscopy be used in the real-time assessment of microbial water quality? Sci. Total Environ., 532, 14–19.
  • 5. BIOROCK S.À.R.L. 2016. Installation and User Guide for the Biorock septic systems systems. biorock.com
  • 6. Dalahmeh S.S., Jonsson H, Hylander L.D., Hui N., Yu. D., Pell M., 2014. Dynamics and functions of bacterial communities in bark, charcoal and sand filters treating greywater. Water Res., 54, 21–32.
  • 7. Edvard N., 2017. Evaluation of sustainability criteria for small-scale wastewater treatment facilities. the Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU)UPTEC W 17007.
  • 8. EPA, 2008. Waste Water Discharge Licensing Application Guidance Note. Environmental Protection Agency, Johnstown Castle Estate, Wexford, Ireland.
  • 9. EPA, 2009. Code of Practice: Wastewater Treatment and Disposal Systems Serving Single Houses. Environmental Protection Agency, Johnstown Castle Estate, Wexford, Ireland.
  • 10. Fayza A.N., Basem M., 2013. Treatment of domestic wastewater using conventional and baffled septic tanks. Environmental Technology, 34(16), 2337–2343, http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2 013.767285.
  • 11. Gill L.W., O’Súilleabháin C., Misstear B.D.R., Johnston P., 2009. Comparison of stratified sand filters and percolation trenches for on-site wastewater treatment. Journal of Environmental Engineering, ASCE, January, 8–16.
  • 12. Izarul M., Faisal, Syaifullah M., Takashi O., Kazuaki S. 2015. Use of G3-DHS Bioreactor for Secondary Treatment of Septic Tank Desludging Wastewater. Waste Technology, 3(2), 41–46,
  • 13. Richards, S., Paterson, E., Withers, P.J.A., Stutter, M., 2016. Septic tank discharges as multi-pollutant hotspots in catchment. Sci. Total Environ., 542, 854–863.
  • 14. Rodríguez M.S., Anat D., Yana A.G., Yael G., Yehonatan S., Malka H., Eran F. 2016. Characterization of Biofilm Bacterial Communities in a Vertical Unsaturated-Flow Bioreactor Treating Domestic Greywater. Environ. DOI 10.1007/s40710–016–0162–2.
  • 15. Samia R., Paul J.A.W., Eric P., Colin W. McRoberts, Marc S., 2017. Potential tracers for tracking septic tank effluent discharges in watercourses. Environmental Pollution, 228, 245–255.
  • 16. Singh B., Ram K.Y., 2015. Technological Options for Solid and Liquid Waste Management in Rural Areas Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin) Govt. of India.
  • 17. Sorensen, J.P.R., Lapworth, D.J., Marchant, B.P., Nkhuwa, D.C.W., Pedley, S., Stuart, M.E., Bell, R.A., Chirwa, M., Kabika, J., Liemisa, M., Chibesa, M., 2015. Insitu tryptophan-like fluorescence: a real-time indicator of faecal contamination in drinking water supplies. Water Res., 81, 38–46.
  • 18. US EPA, 2016. Environment Agency – the Sources and Solutions: Wastewater.https://www. epa.gov/nutrientpollution/sources-and-solutions-wastewater.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2018).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-402b90f9-7df5-4aeb-bc28-0ad498fedb7a
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