Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Oznaczanie dokładności opóźnienia zapalników elektronicznych przy użyciu różnych metod
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
The timing accuracy of detonators used in the mining industry has a significant influence on the safety and effectiveness of blasting operations. However, the accuracy of the time delays in electric and non-electric detonators is unpredictable and may differ from the intended timing due to the pyrotechnic delay element. The latest generation of electronic detonators provide a very high precision of firing compared to pyrotechnic ones. Different methods may be used to determine a detonator’s delay accuracy. Selected methods were evaluated in order to identify the most appropriate one for electronic blasting cap testing. The research involved an electroacoustic sensor, an amplifier with an open-circuit probe, a high-speed camera and a data recorder.
Dokładności opóźnień zapalników stosowanych w przemyśle górniczym mają istotny wpływ na bezpieczeństwo i efektywność robót strzałowych. Tymczasem, dokładność opóźnień zapalników elektrycznych i nieelektrycznych jest nieprzewidywalna i może różnić się od zamierzonego czasu z uwagi na pirotechniczny element opóźniający. Zapalniki elektroniczne najnowszej generacji pozwalają na bardzo dużą precyzję odpalania w odniesieniu do zapalników pirotechnicznych. Do oznaczania dokładności opóźnień zapalników stosuje się różnego rodzaju metody. W ramach artykułu przeprowadzono ocenę niektórych metod oznaczania dokładności opóźnień zapalników, co miało na celu wskazanie metody najbardziej odpowiedniej do badań zapalników elektronicznych. Badania obejmowały czujnik elektroakustyczny, wzmacniacz pomiarowy z sondą rozwarciową, szybką kamerę i rejestrator danych.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
143--156
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 26 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Central Mining Institute, Plac Gwarków 1, 40-166 Katowice, Poland
autor
- KGHM CUPRUM Ltd. Research and Development Centre, 2-8 Sikorskiego Street, 53-659 Wrocław, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] Hobler M. Designing and Performing of Blasting in Underground Mining. (in Polish) Katowice: Wyd. Śląsk, 1982.
- [2] Onderka Z. Seismic Effects of Blasting – Comments and Recommendations. (in Polish) Proc. Blasting Techniques in Mining Conf., Jaszowiec, Poland, 2001, 435-453.
- [3] Nor´en-Cosgriff K.M., Ramstad N., Neby A., Madshus C. Building Damage Due to Vibration from Rock Blasting. Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 2020, 138, paper 106331.
- [4] Kabiesz J., Lurka A., Drzewiecki J. Selected Methods of Rock Structure Disintegration to Control Mining Hazards. Arch. Min. Sci. 2015, 60(3): 807-824.
- [5] Hoshino T., Mogi G., Shaoquan K. Optimum Delay Interval Design in Delay Blasting. Fragblast Int. J. Blasting Fragm. 2000, 4(2): 139-148.
- [6] Verma H.K., Thote N.R. Investigation of Delay Time Precision in Pyrotechnic Detonators. J. Rock Mech. Tunn. Technol. 2013, 19(1): 19-28.
- [7] Mertuszka P., Szumny M., Fuławka K., Zdrojewski A., Mierzwiak R. The Application of the MicroTrap VOD Recorder to Determine the Delay Times of Detonators in the Light of Standard Tests. (in Polish) Przegl. Gór. 2020, 76(1): 37-44.
- [8] Silva J., Li L., Gernand J.M. Reliability Analysis for Mine Blast Performance Based on Delay Type and Firing Time. Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol. 2018, 28(2): 195-204.
- [9] Kortnik J., Bratun J. Use of Electronic Initiation Systems in Mining Industry. Mater. Geoenviron. 2010, 57(3): 403-414.
- [10] Kara S., Adamson W.R., Reisz W.J., Trousselle R. The Latest Generation of the Electronic System Enhanced Safety and Productivity. Procedia Eng. 2014, 83: 432-440.
- [11] Cardu M., Giraudi A., Oreste P. A Review of the Benefits of Electronic Detonators. Rem: Rev. Esc. Minas. 2013, 66(3): 375-382.
- [12] Steyn A. The Benefits of Using Electronic Detonators in Both Opencast and Underground Mines. [in:] NexGen Technologies for Mining and Fuel Industries. Singh P.K., Singh V.K., Singh A.K., Kumbhakar D., Roy M.P., Eds, New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 2017, 1(3): 291-298.
- [13] Agrawal H., Mishra A.K. Evolution of Digital Detonators as an Intelligent Tool for Control Blasting in Indian Mines. Ann. Chim. Sci. Mat. 2018, 41(3-4): 157-171.
- [14] Pandey G., Ranjan P., Sinha P.K., Singh C.P. Optimum Blasting With Precision Delays and True Bottom Hole Initiation Through e-DET-ft at Jayant Project of NCL. Proc. Recent Advances in Rock Engineering Conf., Bengaluru, India, 2016, 450-454.
- [15] Blair D.P., Armstrong L.W. The Spectral Control of Ground Vibration Using Electronic Delay Detonators. Fragblast Int. J. Blasting Fragm. 1999, 3(4): 303-334.
- [16] Guan X., Guo C., Mou B., Shi L. Tunnel Millisecond-Delay Controlled Blasting Based on the Delay Time Calculation Method and Digital Electronic Detonators to Reduce Structure Vibration Effects. PLoS ONE. 2019, 14(3) paper e0212745.
- [17] Iwano K., Hashiba K., Nagae J., Fukui K. Reduction of Tunnel Blasting Induced Ground Vibrations Using Advanced Electronic Detonators. Tunn. Undergr. Space Technol. 2020, 105: 103556.
- [18] Sharma S.K., Rai P. Assessment of Blasting Performance Using Electronic Vis-a`-Vis Shock Tube Detonators in Strong Garnet Biotite Sillimanite Gneiss Formations. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. D 2016, 97: 87-97.
- [19] Grobler H.P. Using Electronic Detonators to Improve All-Round Blasting Performances. Fragblast Int. J. Blasting Fragm. 2003, 7(1): 1-12.
- [20] Digay B. Success of Resue Mining With Electronic Detonators at Stawell Gold Mines. Proc. Explosives and Blasting Technique Conf., Nashville, USA, 2012, 181-190.
- [21] BS EN 13763-16:2003: Explosives for Civil Uses – Detonators and Relays – Part 16: Determination of Delay Accuracy. 2003.
- [22] Tariq S.M. Testing the Detonator Accuracy Using Velocity of Detonation and Airblast Meters. Proc. Pakistan Engineering Congress, Lahore, Pakistan, 2004, 373-379.
- [23] Eloranta J. Cap Testing at the Minntac Mine. Eloranta and Associates Inc., Technical Report, 1992
- [24] Roy S.K., Singh R.R. Studies Into Firing Accuracy of Some Indian Permitted Electric Detonators. [in:] Performance of Explosives and New Developments. Mohanty B.H., Singh V.K., Eds., London: Taylor & Francis Group, 2013, 57-64.
- [25] BS DD CEN/TS 13763-27:2003: Explosives for Civil Uses – Detonators and Relays – Part 27: Definitions, Methods and Requirements for Electronic Initiation Systems. 2003.
- [26] Chambers C., Hookham S., Clay M. EU Type Certification of Non-Standard Electronic Initiations Systems Used in Blasting at Mines and Quarries. Proc. Explosives and Blasting Technique Conf., Orlando, FL, 2017.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-3fd3598d-563f-43ef-928c-b90179aaaa28