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Computational modelling of head-related transfer function

Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Measuring the Head-Related Transfer Function (HRTF) is an efficient method that takes into consideration the influence of the human body on the sound spectrum. The data base used in reproduction of the sound source position is built using the measurement results. The base is individual for each person, which makes it impossible to make a versatile base for all listeners. In this paper a numerical model of artificial head is presented. The model allows to determine the value of HRTF without making measurements. The model includes both geometrical and acoustical parameters. A method which is often used to determine the acoustical field parameters is the boundary element method, which was used to calculate the values of HRTF in this work. In the conclusion results of the calculations are presented and the correctness of the previous assumption made while constructing the geometric part of the numerical human head model is discussed.
Rocznik
Strony
659--682
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 28 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Wrocław University of Technology Institute of Telecommunications, Teleinformatics and Acoustics Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
autor
  • Wrocław University of Technology Institute of Telecommunications, Teleinformatics and Acoustics Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1] ALI A., RAJAKUMAR C., The Boundary Element Method. Application in Sound and Vibration, A.A. Balkema Publishers, Leiden 2004.
  • [2] BLAUERT J., Spatial hearing, MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts 1997.
  • [3] BOLEJKO R., Numerical modelling of acoustic field inside and outside bounded areas with impedance boundary conditions taken into account [in Polish], Ph.D. thesis, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław 2004.
  • [4] BRAŃSKI A., Analysis of acoustic parameters of boundary problems [in Polish], Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Pedagogicznej, Rzeszów 2001.
  • [5] BUJACZ M., STRUMIŁŁO P., Stereophonic representation of virtual 3D scenes – a simulated mobility for the blind, [in:] New Trends in Audio and Video, Vol. 1, Białystok 2006.
  • [6] CHENG C.I., WAKEFIELD G.H., Introduction to head-related transfer functions (HRTFs): Representations of HRTFs in time, frequency, and space, Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 49, 231–249 (2001).
  • [7] DOBRUCKI A.B., Electroacoustic transducers [in Polish], Wydawnictwa Naukowo-Techniczne, Warszawa 2006.
  • [8] VON ESTORFF O. [Ed.], Boundary Elements in Acoustics, WIT Press, Southampton 2000.
  • [9] GABRIEL K., PETRIE S., Ultrasonic absorption in rubber filled epoxies, ANTEC 2000 Plastics: The Magical Solution, Volume 2: Materials, Society of Plastics Engineers, Knovel 2001.
  • [10] HORBACH U., KARAMUSTAFAOUGLU A., PELLEGRINI R., MACKENSEN P., THEILE G., Design and Applications of a Data-based Auralization System for Surround Sound, Presented at the 106th AES Convention, Munich 1999.
  • [11] KATZ B.F.G., Boundary element method calculation of individual head-related transfer function. I. Rigid model calculation, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 110, 2440-2448 (2001).
  • [12] KATZ B.F.G., Boundary element method calculation of individual head-related transfer function. II. Impedance effects and comparisons to real measurements, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 110, 2449-2455 (2001).
  • [13] KIN M.J., PLASKOTA P., Reproduction of acoustic atmosphere in music recordings, using dummy head (in Polish), [in:] Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium the Art of Sound Engineering. Cracow 2005.
  • [14] MATHSOFT ENGINEERING & EDUCATION, Mathcad User’s Guide, Cambridge 2005).
  • [15] MOORE B.C.J., An Introduction to the Psychology of Hearing, 4th Ed., Academic, San Diego 1997.
  • [16] NUMERICAL INTEGRATION TECHNOLOGIES, Sysnoise Theoretical Manual, NIT, Leuven 1993.
  • [17] PLASKOTA P., Conception of numerical model of human head for HRTF numerical calculation [in Polish], In: Proceedings of the 10the Conference “New Trends in Audio and Video”, Wrocław 2004.
  • [18] PLASKOTA P., Measurement of acoustical impedance of human skin, [in:] The 6th European Conference on Noise Control EURONOISE 2006, Proceedings, Acoustical Society of Finland, Finland, Tampere 2006.
  • [19] PLASKOTA P., Numerical calculation of HRTF – head model [in Polish], [in:] Proceedings of the 52nd Open Seminar on Acoustics, Poznań–Wągrowiec 2005.
  • [20] PLASKOTA P., Evaluation of microphone parameters for HRTF measurement [in Polish], [in:] Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium the Art of Sound Engineering, Wrocław 2003.
  • [21] PLASKOTA P., DOBRUCKI A. B., Numerical head model for HRTF simulation, In: Proceedings of the 118th AES Convention, Preprint 6510, Barcelona 2005.
  • [22] PLASKOTA P., DOBRUCKI A. B., Ambience reproduction with dummy head utilisation [in Polish], [in:] Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium the Art of Sound Engineering, Cracow 2005.
  • [23] PLASKOTA P., DOBRUCKI A. B., Selected problems of HRTF measurement [in Polish], [in:] Metrology Congress, Wrocław 2004.
  • [24] PLASKOTA P., KIN M. J., The use of HRTF in sound recordings [in Polish], [in:] Proceedings of the 9th Conference “New Trends in Audio and Video”. Warszawa 2002.
  • [25] PLASKOTA P., PRUCHNICKI P., Practical aspects of using HRTF measuring device, Archives of Acoustics, 31, 439–444 (2006).
  • [26] PLASKOTA P., WASILEWSKI M., KIN M. J., The use of Head-Related Transfer Functions in auralization of sound recordings [in Polish], [in:] Proceedings of the 10th International Symposium the Art of Sound Engineering, Wrocław 2003.
  • [27] PN-EN ISO 10534-1:2004, Acoustics – Determination of sound absorption coefficient and acoustic impedance in impedance tubes– Part 1: Method using standing wave ratio [in Polish], PKN, Warsaw 2004.
  • [28] PRUCHNICKI P., PLASKOTA P., HRTF Automatic measuring system, Presented at the 53 Open Seminar on Acoustics, Zakopane 2006.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-3f39148e-0a60-43ca-adc7-1c03b25cb895
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