Indoor air quality in the primary school classroom in Poland - case study

• Autorzy: Nowak-Dzieszko Katarzyna , Müller Jarosław

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/ace.2025.154107

Warianty tytułu

PL

Jakość powietrza wewnętrznego w sali lekcyjnej szkoły podstawowej w Polsce - studium przypadku

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Children spend on average 7–10 hours per weekday at school, that’s why the indoor air quality in the classrooms plays a key role in the assessment of the effects of their personal exposure to the air quality. Many scientific articles indicate the substantial influence of carbon dioxide (CO2º levels and overall air quality within educational environments on the well-being and cognitive performance of children. This article presents the case study of the classroom in the primary school in Cracow with very unfavourable indoor air quality caused by the usage pattern. In the classroom, there is a natural ventilation system, still the most common in the Polish existing buildings. The very high level of CO2 exceeding the standard requirements connected with low ventilation efficiency effects in harmful indoor conditions. Based on the measurements conducted in the classroom during the lessons with the users in and taking into account formal requirements authors assessed the quality of indoor air. The main reason for those unfavourable conditions is an inefficient natural ventilation system. This paper is also supposed to answer the question of whether temporary opening windows can assure proper concentration of CO2 in a standard classroom and, if not, what would be the optimal ventilation rate. In the next step, this optimal minimum required ventilation rate for the classroom was calculated. It could be used as a design assumption in the selection of a ventilation system.

PL

Dzieci spędzają w szkole średnio 7-10 godzin dziennie, dlatego jakość powietrza w klasach odgrywa kluczową rolę w ocenie ewentualnych skutków ich narażenia na złą jakość powietrza. Wiele artykułów naukowych wskazuje na istotny wpływ poziomu dwutlenku węgla i ogólnej jakości powietrza w środowiskach edukacyjnych na samopoczucie i zdolności poznawcze dzieci. W artykule przedstawiono studium przypadku, analizę sali lekcyjnej szkoły podstawowej w Krakowie, w której panowała bardzo niekorzystna jakość powietrza wewnętrznego spowodowana sposobem użytkowania. W klasie zastosowano system wentylacji naturalnej, wciąż najczęściej spotykany w istniejących polskich budynkach. Na podstawie pomiarów przeprowadzonych w sali lekcyjnej podczas zajęć z użytkownikami oraz biorąc pod uwagę wymogi formalne, autorzy ocenili jakość powietrza w pomieszczeniu. Główną przyczyną tych niesprzyjających warunków jest nieefektywny system wentylacji naturalnej. Artykuł ma także odpowiedzieć na pytanie, czy tymczasowe otwieranie okien może zapewnić odpowiednie stężenie CO2 w typowej sali, a jeśli nie, jaki byłby optymalny strumień wentylacji dla zapewnienia wymaganiej przepisami jakości powietrza. Obliczony strumień może zostać wykorzystany jako założenie projektowe przy doborze systemu wentylacyjnego.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

carbon dioxide; indoor air quality; natural ventilation; school

PL

dwutlenek węgla; jakość powietrza wewnętrznego; wentylacja naturalna; szkoła

• Wydawca: Komitet Inżynierii Lądowej i Wodnej PAN ; Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Lądowej
• Czasopismo: Archives of Civil Engineering
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: Vol. 71, nr 2
• Strony: 50--65
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 33 poz., il., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Nowak-Dzieszko Katarzyna

• Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Cracow, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5484-7747

autor

Müller Jarosław

• Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Cracow, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6624-628X

Bibliografia

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