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Game theoretic analysis of ideologically biased clickbait or fake news and real news

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
A decision and game theoretic model is developed for how one and two news organisations strike balances between producing clickbait or fake news, and real news. Each news organisation seeks to attract gullible consumers who consume more clickbait or fake news than real news, and non-gullible consumers who conscientiously consume only real news. Increasing a news organisation budget results in obtaining both more clickbait or fake news, and more real news. More clickbait or fake news is produced if the news organisation’s unit cost of effort to produce real news, the production efficiency for clickbait or fake news, and the fraction of consumers consuming clickbait or fake news, increase. In contrast, less clickbait or fake news is produced if a news organisation’s unit cost of effort to produce clickbait or fake news, and the production efficiency for real news, increase, and the gullible consumers consume real news with a higher frequency. Lower unit effort costs and higher budget and production efficiencies cause higher utility for a news organisation and lower utility for the competing news organisation. Higher weight assigned to the contest over clickbait or fake news induces both news organisations to exert higher effort to produce clickbait or fake news. When the gullible consumers of a news organisation consume a relatively large amount of real news in comparison to the consumers of another news organisation, then the first news organisation exerts higher effort to produce real news and obtains higher utility than the other news organisation.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
39--57
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 12 poz., rys.
Twórcy
  • Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway
Bibliografia
  • [1] ALLCOTT H., GENTZKOW M., Social Media and Fake News in the 2016 Election, J. Econ. Perspect., 2017, 31 (2), 211–236.
  • [2] BLOM J.N., HANSEN K.R., Click Bait: Forward-Reference as Lure in Online News Headlines, J. Pragm., 2015, 76, 87–100.
  • [3] HAUSKEN K., A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Terrorist Attacks, Def. Peace Econ., 2018, 29 (2), 111–129.
  • [4] HAUSKEN K., A Game Theoretic Model of Adversaries and Media Manipulation, Games, 2019, 10 (4), 48, https://doi.org/10.3390/g10040048
  • [5] KHOJA N., 7 Reasons Why Clicking This Title Will Prove Why You Clicked This Title, 2016, https://venngage.com/blog/7-reasons-why-clicking-this-title-will-prove-why-you-clicked-this-title/, accessed July 4, 2020.
  • [6] KSHETRI N., VOAS J., The Economics of “Fake Newsˮ, IT Prof., 2017, 19 (6), 8–12.
  • [7] LEVINS R., The Strategy of Model Building in Population Biology, Am. Sci., 1966, 54 (4), 421–431.[online]. Available: http://www.jstor.org/stable/27836590
  • [8] LUTZ A., These 6 Corporations Control 90% of The Media in America, 2012. [Online]. Available:https://www.businessinsider.com/these-6-corporations-control-90-of-the-media-in-america-2012-6?r = US&IR = T&IR = T
  • [9] NAGY L., FAIRBROTHER A., ETTERSON M., ORME-ZAVALETA J., The Intersection of Independent Lies: Increasing Realism in Ecological Risk Assessment, Human Ecol. Risk Assess., Int. J., 2007, 13 (2), 355–369, DOI: 10.1080/10807030701226814.
  • [10] SUBRAMANIAN S., Inside the Macedonian Fake-News Complex, 2017, https://www.wired.com/2017/02/veles-macedonia-fake-news/, accessed July 4, 2020.
  • [11] TRIBE L.H., Policy Science: Analysis or Ideology?, Phil. Publ. Affairs, 1972, 2 (1), 66–110.
  • [12] ZANNETTOU S., CHATZIS S., PAPADAMOU K., SIRIVIANOS M., The Good, the Bad and the Bait: Detecting and Characterizing Clickbait on YouTube, 2018 IEEE Security and Privacy Workshops (SPW), San Francisco, CA, USA. [Online]. Available: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8424634/authors #authors
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-3d86f7ca-545f-4c36-96dc-46b99cd4a0c1
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