Prevalence and surveillance of lyme boreliosis in Istria, Croatia

• Autorzy: Cvek Maja , Girotto Dean , Pustijanac Emina , Broznić Dalibor , Tomić Linšak Dijana

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.57599/gisoj.2024.4.2.91

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Climate change is the main cause of global warming, which significantly affects human health, among other things, due to the spread of tick-borne pathogens. The paper presents a spatial analysis of collected ticks (from 2020 to 2023), historical data on the prevalence of Lyme boreliosis (LB) in humans (from 2016 to 2023), and the prevalence of the causative agent of LB, bacterias from the genus Borrelia sp. extracted from ticks. Pathogenic spirochetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. complex is transmitted by ticks of the genus Ixodes, and in the territory of Istria, three vector species for this pathogen stand out: Ixodes ricinus (70.72%), Ixodes hexagonus (0.13%) and Ixodes frontalis (1.40 %). In the observed period, a total of 115 cases of borreliosis were recorded in the examined period. The largest number of human cases of LB are recorded in urban areas. Most ticks are collected in urban areas from dogs, which are sentinel animals for human borreliosis. After proving the presence of Borrelia sp. by molecular analyses from ticks, by qPCR method, all obtained data were entered into the QGIS database to monitor the areas of greater infestation of Borrelia-infected ticks. The goal of the research is to collect data on the distribution of tick species in Istria and to investigate their role in the transmission of bacteria from the Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. complex. Scientific contribution of this research is the monitoring of ticks and the presence of LB in Istria, the identification of habitats with higher infestations, and creation of the first systematic database on tick-borne diseases in Croatia. The use of GIS technologies significantly contributes to disease surveillance.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

GIS; ticks; Lyme boreliosis; Istria

PL

GIS; kleszcze; borelioza; Istria

• Wydawca: SILGIS Association ; Croatian-Polish Scientific Network
• Czasopismo: GIS Odyssey Journal
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 4, no. 2
• Strony: 91--99
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Cvek Maja

• Teaching Institute for Public Health of the County of Istria, Pula, Croatia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2276-7774

autor

Girotto Dean

• University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine; Neurosurgery Clinic; Rijeka, Croatia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9962-3659

autor

Pustijanac Emina

• Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Pula, Croatia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9924-9364

autor

Broznić Dalibor

• University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine, Rijeka, Croatia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3935-5338

autor

Tomić Linšak Dijana

• Teaching Institute of Public Health of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County; University of Rijeka, Faculty of Medicine; Rijeka, Croatia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8379-5675

Bibliografia

• 1. Cvek M., Broznić D., Puškadija D., Blagonić B., Kirin I., Pustijanac E., Landeka N., Stojanović A., Ožanič Bučar M., Tomić Linšak D. (2023). Investigation and spatial distribution of hard ticks by geographical information system (GIS) in the region of Istria, Croatia. Applied Sciences, 13(16), 9483. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13169483
• 2. Duncan A.W., Correa M.T., Levine J.F., Breitschwerdt E.B. (2004). The dog as a sentinel for human infection: Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi C6 antibodies in dogs from southeastern and mid-Atlantic states. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 4, pp. 221–229.
• 3. DZS (Državni zavod za statistiku) (2022). Prvi digitalni popis stanovništva 2021 (The first digital census in 2021). Zagreb. https://dzs.gov.hr/u-fokusu/popis-2021/88 [access: 13.09.2024].
• 4. ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) (2018). Field sampling methods for mosquitoes, sandflies, biting midges, and ticks (V.P. 2014-2018). ECDC and EFSA, Stockholm, I. Parma, Producers.
• 5. Estrada-Peña A., Bouattour A., J-L C., Walker A. (2004). Ticks of Domestic Animals in the Mediterranean Region. A Guide to Identification of Species. University of Zaragoza, Spain. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259576176_Ticks_of_Domestic_Animals_in_the_Mediterranean_Region_A_Guide_to_Identification_of_Species [access: 03.01.2021].
• 6. HZJZ (Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo) (2016). Krpelji i bolesti koje najčešće prenose u Hrvatskoj te preventivne mjere zaštite od krpelja (Ticks and the diseases they most commonly transmit in Croatia, and preventive measures to protect against ticks). https://www.hzjz.hr/sluzba-epidemiologija-zarazne-bolesti/krpelji-i-bolesti-koje- najcesce-prenose-u-hrvatskoj-te-preventivne-mjere-zastite-od-krpelja/ [access: 03.01.2021].
• 7. HZJZ (Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo) (2017a). Godišnje izvješće o zoonozama u Hrvatskoj za 2015./16. Godinu (Annual report on zoonoses in Croatia for 2015/16). https://www.hzjz.hr/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Godi%C5%A1nje- izvje%C5%A1%C4%87e-o-zoonozama-2015_16.pdf [access: 17.06.2023].
• 8. HZJZ (Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo) (2017b). Krpelji – kako se zaštititi (Ticks – how to protect yourself). https://www.hzjz.hr/sluzba-epidemiologija-zarazne- bolesti/krpelji-kako-se-zastititi/ [access: 17.06.2023].
• 9. Kalenić S., Sur I. (2019). Medicinska mikrobiologia (Medical microbiology), 2nd ed. Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Zagreb.
• 10. Léger E., Vourc’h G., Vial L., Chevillon C., McCoy K. (2013). Changing distributions of ticks: Causes and consequences. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 59, 219–244.
• 11. Moj tender (2020). https://moj-tender.hr/Istarska%20županija/description-75.html [access: 06.06.2024].
• 12. NN (Narodne novine) (2013). Pravilnik o načinu praćenja zoonoza i uzročnika zoonoza (Rulebook on the method of monitoring zoonoses and agents of zoonoses). https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2013_04_42_797.html [access: 17.06.2023].
• 13. NN (Narodne novine)(2014). Lista zaraznih bolesti čije je sprječavanje i suzbijanje od interesa za Republiku Hrvatsku (List of infectious diseases whose prevention and control is of interest to the Republic of Croatia). Zagreb. https://narodne-novine.nn.hr/clanci/sluzbeni/2014_05_60_1119.html [18.06.2023].
• 14. NN (Narodne novine) (2021). Zakon o zaštiti pučanstva od zaraznih bolesti (Law on the Protection of the Population from Infectious Diseases). https://www.zakon.hr/z/1067/Zakon-o-za%C5%A1titi-pu%C4%8Danstva-od- zaraznih-bolesti#google_vignette [17.06.2023].
• 15. NN (Narodne novine)(2023). Pravilnik o načinu prijavljivanja zaraznih bolesti (Regulations on the method of reporting infectious diseases). Zagreb. https://zdravlje.gov.hr/UserDocsImages//2023%20OBJAVE//Pravilnik%20o%20na%C4%8Dinu%20prijavljivanja%20zaraznih%20bolesti%2012%206%2023_15.6.2 023._130516.docx [17.06.2023].
• 16. Rogers D., Randolph S.E. (2000). The global spread of malaria in a future, warmer world. Science, 289, 1763–1766.
• 17. Ropac D.Š. (2019). Epidemiološke osobitosti lajmske bolesti u Republici Hrvatskoj u razdoblju od 2012. do 2016. Godine (Epidemiological characteristics of Lyme disease in the Republic of Croatia in the period from 2012 to 2016). Acta Medica Croatica, 73(2), 151–158.
• 18. Shaw N.T. (2012). Geographical information systems and health: Current state and future directions. Healthcare Informatics Research, 18, 88–96.
• 19. Zdolec N. (2011). Jedno zdravlje (One health). Meso: prvi hrvatski časopis o mesu, 12, p. 386.