Design and testing 3D printed structures for bone replacements

• Autorzy: Ikonomov P. G. , Yahamed A. , Fleming P. D. , Pekarovicova A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0014.4922

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose: 3D printing has shown enormous potential for building plastic products, including bone, organs, and body parts. The technology has progressed from visualization and preoperation training to the 3D printing of customized body parts and implants. This research aims to create 3D printed bone structure from plastics and test the mechanical properties of the cortical and trabecular bone structures if they match the real bone structure strength. Design/methodology/approach: We used Digital Imaging, and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images from Computer Tomography (CT) scans to created external bone structures. These images' resolution did not allow the creation of fine trabecular bone structures, so we used 3D modeling software to engineer special 3D void honeycomb structures (with triangular, square, and hexagonal shapes). Another reason to design void structures is that the 3D printing of complex shapes without support materials is problematic. After designing and 3D printing of the 3D bone structures, their mechanical properties need to be tested. Findings: 3D bone models, solid (cortical), and void (trabecular) bone structures were designed, 3D printed, and then tested. Tensile, bending, and compression testing was performed. Testing the mechanical properties of the honeycomb structures (triangular, square, and hexagonal) shows that their strength and modulus are higher than those of the real trabecular bones. The results show that 3D printed honeycomb structures mechanical properties can match and some cases exceeding the properties of the actual bones trabecular structures, while the sold structures have lower mechanical properties than the bone cortical structures. Research limitations/implications: During the 3D printing experiments, we found that 3D printers, in general, have low resolution, not enough to print fine trabecular bone structures. To solve the existing 3D printing technology's insufficient resolution, we later designed and built an SLA (stereolithography) 3D printer with high printing resolution (10 micrometers). Another limitation we found is the lack of biocompatible materials for 3D printing of bone structures. Future research work is in progress formulating superior ink/resin for bone structures 3D printing. Further, clinical trials need to be performed to investigate 3D printed parts’ influence on the healing of bone structures. Practical implications: We found that the 3D void (honeycomb) structures will have an impact not only on building bone structures but also in engineering special structures for industrial applications that can reduce the weight, time, and the cost of the material, while still keep sufficient mechanical properties. Originality/value: Designing and testing 3D printed bone models, solid (cortical), and void (trabecular) bone structures could replace bones. Design and test special void honeycomb structures as a replacement for cortical bone structures.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

3D printing; bone structure; 3D modelling; testing; mechanical properties

PL

druk 3D; struktura kości; modelowanie 3D; badania; właściwości mechaniczne

• Wydawca: International OCSCO World Press
• Czasopismo: Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: Vol. 101, nr 2
• Strony: 76--85
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz., rys., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Ikonomov P. G.

• Engineering, Design, Manufacturing and Engineering Systems, Western Michigan University, 1903 Western, Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA

autor

Yahamed A.

• Chemical and Paper Engineering, Western Michigan University, 1903 Western, Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA

autor

Fleming P. D.

• Chemical and Paper Engineering, Western Michigan University, 1903 Western, Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA

autor

Pekarovicova A.

• Chemical and Paper Engineering, Western Michigan University, 1903 Western, Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA

Bibliografia

• [1] CT scan vs. MRI. Available from: http://www.diffen.com/difference/CT_Scan_vs_MRI (retrieved on 05/20/2020).
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• [4] A Comprehensive Guide to Material Jetting 3D Printing. Available from: https://amfg.ai/2018/06/29/material-jetting-3d-printing-guide/ (retrieved on 05/20/2020).
• [5] P. Ikonomov, A. Yahamed, Testing of plastic materials for 3D printing of bone structure, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Systems 15/1 (2014) 23-29.
• [6] MeshLab, System for processing and editing 3D triangular meshes. Available from: https://www.meshlab.net/ (retrieved on 05/20/2020).
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• [8] J.M. Williams, A. Adewunmi, R.M. Schek, C.L. Flanagan, P.H. Krebsbach, S.E. Feinberg, S.J. Hollister, S. Das, Bone tissue engineering using polycaprolactone scaffolds fabricated via selective laser sintering, Biomaterials 26/23 (2005) 4817-4827. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.11.057
• [9] T. Dikova, T. Vasilev, Bending fracture of Co-Cr dental bridges, produced by additive technologies: Simulation analysis and test, Engineering Fracture Mechanics 218 (2019) 106583. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2019.106583
• [10] A. Yahamed, P. Ikonomov, P.D. Fleming, A. Pekarovicova, P. Gustafson, Designed structures for bone replacement, Journal of Print and Media Technology Research 4-16 (2016) 267-350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14622/JPMTR-1614
• [11] C.T. Tao, T.H. Young, Polyetherimide membrane formation by the cononsolvent system and its biocompatibility of MG63 cell line, Journal of Membrane Science 269/1-2 (2006) 66-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2005.06.019
• [12] D.I. Stoia, C. Vigaru, L. Rusu, Laser sinterization aspects of PA2200 biocompatible powder - spinal cage application, Key Engineering Materials 638 (2015) 352-356. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.638.352

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2020).