Detrital tourmaline as an indicator of source rock lithology : an example from the Ropianka and Menilite formations (Skole Nappe, Polish Flysch Carpathians)

• Autorzy: Salata D.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.7306/gq.1133

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Tourmaline populations studied from the Campanian-Maastrichtian part of the Ropianka (Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene) and Menilite (Oligocene) formations of the Polish Carpathians, represent a mixture of first-cycle and polycyclic grains. The tourmalines of the deposits studied display very strong resemblance in terms of optical features and chemical composition. They belong mostly to the schorl-dravite series with a minor contribution of tourmalines of foititic or Mg-foititic composition. Euhedral tourmalines originated from metasedimentary rocks, while the rounded grains crystallised in Li-poorgranitic rocks or in pegmatites, Al-poor and Al-rich metasedimentary rocks. Most of the tourmalines studied crystallised during a single igneous or metamorphic event. However, tourmal ines form ng in evolving chemical conditions as well as polymetamorphic grains (having a metamorphic detrital core and metamorphic overgrowths) are also present. The chemical composition of the metamorphic tourmalines studied indicates theirformation in medium-grade metamorphic conditions. This is supported by the crystallisation temperature of the garnet-biotite inclusion present in one of rounded metamorphic tourma l ines from the Ropianka Formation. The euhedral grains derive from metasediments, directly from a massif located close to the Skole Basin. The scarcity of euhedral grains in the tourmaline populations studied suggests that their source rocks were poor in these minerals. The direct sources of rounded tourmalines (most probably polycyclic grains), may have been Paleozoic and Mesozoic sedimentary rocks of the Skole Basin foreland or crystalline rocks of remote source areas. The initial igneous and metamorphic host rocks of the tourma l ines may have been crystall ine domains of the Bohemian Massif and/or the crystalline basement of Brunovistulicum.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

detrital tourmaline; source rocks; Ropianka Fm.; Menilite Formation; Skole Nappe; Outer Carpathians

• Wydawca: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Geological Quarterly
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: Vol. 58, No. 1
• Strony: 19--30
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 61 poz., rys., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Salata D.

• Institute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Oleandry 2a, 30-063 Kraków, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Bačík P., Uher P., Sýkora M., Lipka J. (2008) Low-Al tourmalines of the schorl-dravite-povondraite series in redeposited tourmalinites from the Western Carpathians, Slovakia. Canadian Mineralogist, 46: 1117-1129.
• 2. Biernacka J. (2012) Provenance of Upper Creiaceous quartz-rich sandstones from the North Sudetic Synclinorium, SW Poland: constraints from detrital tourmaline. Geological Quarterly, 56 (2): 315-332.
• 3. Breiter K., Čopjaková R., Gabašova A., Škoda R. (2005) Chemistry and mineralogy of orthogneiss in the northeastern part of Moldanubicum. Journal of the Czech Geological Society, 50: 81-94.
• 4. Bromowicz J. (1974) Facial variability and lithological character of Inoceramian Beds of the Skole Nappe beiween Rzeszów and Przemyśl (in Polish with English summary). Prace Geologiczne, 84: 1-81.
• 5. Bromowicz J. (1986) Petrographic differentiation of source areas of Ropianka Beds east of Dunajec River (Outer Carpathians, Poland) (in Polish with English summary). Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 56: 253-276.
• 6. Buriánek D., Novák M. (2004) Morphological and mineralogical evolution of tourmaline from nodular granite at Lavičky near Velké Meziřiči, Moldanubicum, Czech Republic. Journal of the Czech Geological Society, 49: 81-90.
• 7. Buriánek D., Novák M. (2007) Compositional evolution and substitutions in disseminated and nodular tourmaline from leucocratic granites: Examples from the Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic. Lithos, 95: 148-164.
• 8. Čopjaková R., Buriánek D., Škoda R., Houzar S. (2009) Tourmalinites in the metamorphic complex of the Svratka Unit (Bohemian Massif): a study of compositional growth of tourmaline and genetic relations. Journal of Geosciences, 54: 221-243.
• 9. Dutrow B.L., Henry D.J. (2011) Tourmaline: a geo i ogic DVD. Elements, 7: 301-306.
• 10. Galehouse J.S. (1971) Point Counting. In: Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology (ed. R.E. Carver): 385-407. Wiley Interscience, New York.
• 11. Gasiñski M.A., Uchman A. (2009) Latest Maastrichtian foraminiferal assemblages from the Husów region (Skole Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Poland). Geologica Carpathica, 60: 283-294.
• 12. Gągała L., Vergés J., Saura E., Malata T., Ringenbach J.C., Werner P., Krzywiec P. (2012) Architecture and orogenic evolution of the north-eastern Outer Carpathians from cross-section balancing and forward modelling. Tectonophysics, 532-535: 223-241.
• 13. Golonka J., Krobicki M., Oszczypko N., Ślączka A. (2006) Palinspastic modelling and Carpathian Phanerozoic palaeogeographic maps (in Polish with Engli sh summary). In: Palaeotectonic Evolution of the Outer Carpathian and Pieniny Klippen Belt Basins (eds. N. Oszczpko, A. Uchman and E. Malata): 103-110. Instytut Nauk Geologicznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, Kraków.
• 14. Górska L., Heflik W. (1975) Hornblende-epidote schists and amphiboites from crystalline basement of the Cieszyn-Kraków area (in Polish with English summary). Geologia, 1: 41-47.
• 15. Heflik W., Konior K. (1970) Granitoids in the sub-Devonian basement of the Bielsko-Andrychów area (in Polish with English summary). Kwartalnik Geologiczny, 14 (2): 283-289.
• 16. Heflik W., Konior K. (1972) Metamorphic formations in borehole Dobczyce 1 (in Polish with English summary). Kwartalnik Geologiczny, 16 (3): 546-556.
• 17. Heflik W., Konior K. (1974) The present state of knowledge concerning the crystalline basement in the Cieszyn-Rzeszotary area (in Polish with English summary). Biuletyn Instytutu Geologicznego, 273: 195-221.
• 18. Henry D.J., Guidotti C.V. (1985) Tourmaline as a petrogenetic indicator mineral: an example from the staurolite-grade metapelites of NW Maine. American Mineralogist, 70: 1-15.
• 19. Henry D.J., Dutrow B.L. (1996) Metamorphic tourmaline and its petrologic applications. Reviews in Mineralogy, 33: 503-557.
• 20. Henry D.J., Novák M., Hawthorne F.C., Ertl A., Dutrow B.L., Uher P., Pezzotta F. (2011) Nomenclature of the tourmalinesupergroup minerals. American Mineralogist, 96: 895-913.
• 21. Hinsberg V.J. van, Henry D.J., Dutrow B.L. (2011a) Tourmaline as a petrologic forensic mineral: a unique recorder of its geologic past. El e ments, 7: 327-332.
• 22. Hinsberg V.J. van, Henry D.J., Marschall H.R. (2011b) Tourmaline: an ideal indicator of its host environment. Canadian Mineralogist, 49: 1-16.
• 23. Holdaway M.J. (2000) Application of new experimental and garnet Margules data to the garnet-biotite geothermometer. American Mineralogist, 85: 881-892.
• 24. Holdaway M.J. (2004) Opiimizaiion of some key geothermobarometers for pelitic metamorphic rocks. Mineralogical Magazine, 68: 1-14.
• 25. Hubert J.F. (1962) A zircon-tourmaline maturity index and the interdependence of the composition of heavy mineral assemblages with the gross composition and texture of sandstones. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 32: 440-450.
• 26. Kotlarczyk J. (1966) Diatomite horizon of the Krosno Beds in the Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathians (in Polish with English summary). Studia Geologica Polonica, 19: 110-129.
• 27. Kotlarczyk J. (1976) Przyczynki do wyjaśnienia genezy piaskowców kliwskich w Karpatach Polskich (in Polish). Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Komisji Naukowej PAN, Kraków, 19: 185-187.
• 28. Kotlarczyk J. (1978) Stratigraphy of the Ropianka Formation or of Inoceramian beds in the Skole Unit of the Flysch Carpathians (in Polish with English summary). Prace Geologiczne, 108: 1-81.
• 29. Kotlarczyk J., Śliwowa M. (1963) On knowledge of the productive Carboniferous formations in the substratum of the eastern part of the Polish Carpathians (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 11: 268-272.
• 30. Kotlarczyk J., Leśniak T. (1990) Lower part of the Menilite Formation and related Futoma Diatomite Member in the Skole Unit of the Polish Carpathians (in Polish with English summary). Wydawnictwo Akademii Górniczo-Hutniczej, Kraków.
• 31. Kowal-Linka M., Stawikowski W. (2013) Garnet and tourmaline as provenance indicators of terrigenous material in epicontinental carbonates (Middle Triassic, S Poland). Sedimentary Geology, 291: 27-47.
• 32. Krysowska M. (1959) Assemblages of heavy minerals in Carboniferous sediments perforated at Bolesław near Olkusz (Upper Silesian Coal Basin) (in Polish with English summary). Kwartalnik Geologiczny, 3 (4): 857-868.
• 33. Krysowska M., Piłat T., Wrochniak-Stopka W. (1960) Mineralogical-petrographical characteristic of the sediments of the highest Carboniferous at Płaza near Chrzanów (Cracow Region) (in Polish with English summary). Kwartalnik Geologiczny, 4 (2): 367-385.
• 34. Książkiewicz M., ed. (1962) Geological Atlas of Poland. Fascicle 13 - Cretaceous and Early Tertiary in the Polish External Carpathians. Instytut Geologiczny, Warszawa.
• 35. Łydka K. (1955) Petrographic studies concerning the Permo-Carboniferous of the Cracow region (in Polish with English summary). Biuletyn Instytutu Geologicznego, 97: 123-215.
• 36. Łydka K. (1958) Petrography of Dogger in the profile of the borehole near Mielec (in Polish with English summary). Archiwum Mineralogiczne, 22: 187-205.
• 37. McManus D. (1975) Modern versus relict sediment on the continental shelf. GSA Bulletin, 86: 1154-1160.
• 38. Méres Š., Aubrecht R., Gradziński M., Sýkora M. (2012) High (ultrahigh) pressure metamorphic terrane rocks as the source of the delrilal garnets from the Middle Jurassic sands and sandstones of the Cracow Region (Cracow-Wieluń Upland, Poland). Acta Geologica Polonica, 62: 231-245.
• 39. Morton A.C., Hallsworth C.R. (1999) Processes controlling the composition of heavy mineral assemblages in sandstones. Sedimentary Geology, 124: 3-29.
• 40. Morton A.C., Hallsworth C.R. (2007) Stability of detrital heavy minerals during burial diagenesis. Developments in Sedimentology, 58: 215-245.
• 41. Novák M. (2007) Contamination in granitic pegmatites; examples from the Moldanubicum, Czech Republic. In: Granitic Pegmatites: the State of the Art (eds. T. Martins and R. Vieira): 9-12. International Symposium, Porto, Portugal, Book of Abstracts. Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Univen sidade do Porto.
• 42. Novák M., Povondra P., Selway J.B. (2004) Schorl-oxy-schorl to dravite-oxy-dravite tourmaline from granitic pegmatites; examples from the Moldanubicum, Czech Republic. European Journal of Mineralogy, 16: 323-333.
• 43. Novák M., Kadlec T., Gadas P. (2013). Geological position, mineral assemblages and contamination of granitic pegmatites in the Moldanubian Zone, Czech Republic; examples from the Vlastějovice region. Journal of Geosciences, 58: 21-47.
• 44. Nowak W. (1963) Prelimlnary results of study on exotics from the Inoceramian Beds of the Skole series, of several sites in the Przemyśl and the Bircza Carpathians (in Polish with English summary). Kwartalnik Geologiczny, 7 (3): 421-430.
• 45. Paszkowski M., Jachowicz M., Michalik M., Teller L., Uchman A., Urbanek Z. (1995) Composition, age and provenance of gravel - sized clasts from the Upper Carboniferous of the Upper Silesia Coal Basin. Studia Geologica Polonica, 108: 45-127.
• 46. Pieczka A. (1996) Mineralogical study of Polish tourmalines (in Polish with English summary). Prace Mineralogiczne, 85: 1-79.
• 47. Rajchel J. (1990) Lithostratigraphy of the Upper Paleocene and Eocene sed i ments from the Skole Unit (in Polish with English summary). Zeszyty Naukowe AGH, Geologia, 48: 1-112.
• 48. Rajchel J., Myszkowska J. (1998) Exotic clasts of organodetritic algal limestones from lithosomes of the Babica Clay, Skole Unit (Outer Flysch Carpathians, Poland). Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 68: 225-235.
• 49. Salata D. (2013a) Source rocks for heavy minerals in lower part of Menilite Formation of Skole Nappe (Polish Flysch Carpathians), based on study of detrital garnet and tourmaline. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 83: 1-17.
• 50. Salata D. (2013b) Heavy minerals as detritus provenance indicators for the Jurassic pre-Callovian palaeokarst infill from the Czatkowice quarry (Kraków-Wieluń Upland, Poland). Geological Quarterly, 57 (3): 537-550.
• 51. Salata D. (2013c) Garnet provenance in mixed first-cycle and polycycle heavy-mineral assemblages of the Ropianka and Menilite formations (Skole Nappe, Polish Flysch Carpathians): constraints from chemical composition and grain morphology. Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae, 83: 161-177.
• 52. Salata D., Uchman A. (2012) Heavy minerals from the Oligocene sandstones of the Menilite Formation of the Skole Nappe, SE Poland: a tool for provenance specification. Geological Quarterly, 56 (4): 803-820.
• 53. Salata D., Uchman A. (2013) Conventional and high-resolution heavy mineral analyses applied to flysch deposits: comparative provenance studies of the Ropianka (Upper Cretaceous-Palaeocene) and Menilite (Oligocene) formations (Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathians). Geological Quarterly, 57 (4): 649-664.
• 54. Słaby E., Kozłowski A. (2005) Composition of tourmalines from tin-tungsten-bearing country rock of the Variscan Karkonosze granitoid - a record of the wall rock and hydrothermal fluid interaction. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Abhandlungen, 181: 245-263.
• 55. Ślączka A., Unrug R. (1966) Sedimentary structures and petrology of some sandstone members of the Menilite Beds, Carpathians (in Polish with English summary). Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego, 36: 155-184.
• 56. Turnau-Morawska M., Lydka K. (1954) Petrographic study of the arkose of Kwaczała (in Polish with English summary). Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego, 22: 473-494.
• 57. Unrug R. (1979) Palinspastic reconstruction of the Carpathian arc before the Neogene tectogenesis. Rocznik Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego, 49: 3-21.
• 58. Wdowiarz S. (1949) Structure géologique des Carpates marginales au sud-est de Rzeszów (in Polish with French summary). Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, 11: 1-51.
• 59. Żachuń M. (1996) Porównanie minerałów ciężkich z arenitów i egzotyków krakowskiej serii piaskowcowej (in Polish). Unpublished MSc thesis. Archive of the Instilute of Geological Sciences, Jagiellonian University.
• 60. Żgiet J. (1963) Wstępna charakterystyka sedymentologiczna piaskowców kliwskich. Kwartalnik Geologiczny, 7 (4): 715-716.
• 61. Žáček V., Sulovský P. (2005) The dyke swarm of fractionated tourmaline-bearing leucogranite and its link to the Vydra Pluton (Moldanubian Batholite), Šumava Mts., Czech Republic. Journal of Czech Geological Society, 50: 10-118.