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The insensitive high explosive 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is a weak acid (pKa 3.76) due to the labile N–H bond. The weakly acidic character of this compound is exploited for its assay by aqueous acid-base titration. The NTO sample was dissolved in water and the resultant solution was titrated against 0.07 N NaOH solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. Regular batch samples were assayed by this method and the results were compared with those obtained by the HPLC method. The aqueous acid-base titration method was found to be suitable for the quality control of the product.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
113--122
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 25 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Division, Sutarwadi, Pune-411021, India
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Division, Sutarwadi, Pune-411021, India
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Division, Sutarwadi, Pune-411021, India
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Division, Sutarwadi, Pune-411021, India
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Division, Sutarwadi, Pune-411021, India
autor
- High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering and Pilot Plant Division, Sutarwadi, Pune-411021, India
Bibliografia
- [1] Lee K.Y., Chapman L.B., Coburn M.D., 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, a Less Sensitive Explosive, J. Energ. Mater., 1987, 5, 27-33.
- [2] Lee K.Y., Coburn M.D., 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, A Less Sensitive Explosive, Patent US 4733610, 1988.
- [3] Langlet A., 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazole-5-one (NTO), A New Explosive with High Performance and Low Sensitivity, FOA Report C-20789-2.3, National Defence Research Establishment, Stockholm, Sweden, 1990.
- [4] Collignon S.L., Farncomb R.E., Wagaman K.L., Method for manufacturing 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, Patent US H861, 4th Dec., 1990.
- [5] Cortes A.J.C., Perez A.M., Method of Producing 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTE), Patent EP 0585235 A1, 9th March, 1994.
- [6] Östmark H., Bergman H., Agrist G., The Chemistry of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), Thermochim. Acta, 1993, 213, 165-167.
- [7] Östmark H., Bergman H., Agrist G., Langlet A., Person B., Decomposition of NTO: Some Initial Observations, 16th Proc. Int. Pyrotech. Semin., Sweden, 1991, 874-886.
- [8] Ritchie J., Structure and Energies of the Tautomers and Conjugate Bases of some 1,2,4-Triazolones, J. Org. Chem., 1989, 54(15), 3553-3560.
- [9] Prabhakaran K.V., Naidu S.E., Kurion E.M., XRD Spectroscopic & Thermal Analysis Studies on 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5 one(NTO), Thermochim. Acta, 1994, 141, 199-212.
- [10] Yi X., Rongzu H., Tonglai Z., Fuping l., Preparation and Mechanism of Thermal Decomposition of Alkali Metal (Li, Na and K) Salts of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one,J. Therm. Anal., 1993, 39, 827-847.
- [11] Smith M.W., Cliff M.D., NTO Based Explosive Formulation: A Technology Review, DSTO-TR-0796, DSTO Aeronautical & Maritime Research Laboratory, Australia, 1999.
- [12] McMillen D.F., Erlich D.C., He C., Becker C.H., Shockey D.A., Fracture-induced and Thermal Decomposition of NTO Using Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry, Combust. Flame, 1997, 111, 133-160.
- [13] Redman L.D., Spear R.J., An Evaluation of Metal Salts of NTO as Potential Primary Explosive, MRL Technical Note: MRL-TN-563, 1989.
- [14] Kulkarni P.B., Purandare G.N., Nair J.K., Talawar M.B., Mukundan T., Asthana S.N., Synthesis, Characterization, Thermolysis and Performance Evaluation Studies of Alkali Metal Salts of TABA and NTO, J. Hazard. Mater., 2005, A119, 53-61.
- [15] Mukundan T., Purandare G.N., Nair J.K., Pansare S.M., Sinha R.K., Singh H., Explosive Nitrotriazolone Formulates, Defence Science Journal, 2002, 52(2) 127-133.
- [16] Singh H., Asthana J.N., Mukundan T., Purandare G.N., Nair J.K., Pansare S.M., Sinha R.K., Tadas V.V., Bhat V.K., Nath T., Josheph M.D., Synthesis and Characterisation of 5-Nitro-2,4-dihydro-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (NTO) and Its Salts and Evaluation of NTO Based Explosive and Propellant Formulations, Technical Report No. HEMRL/EMR/2001/1, High Energy Materials Research Laboratory, Sutarwadi, Pune, India, 2001.
- [17] Singh J., Kunjir G.M., Rohit, Mandal A.K., Sikdar A.K., Pandey R.K., Process Optimization for Preparation of 1,2,4-Triazol-5-one (Triazolone), 8th International High Energy Materials Conference and Exhibits, Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory, Chandigarh, India, 2011.
- [18] Sutar V.B., Singh J., Kunjir G.M., Rohit, Mandal A.K., Sikdar A.K., Pandey R.K., Thermal Hazards Evaluation of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) by Reaction Calorimeter, 8th International High Energy Materials Conference and Exhibits, Terminal Ballistics Research Laboratory, Chandigarh, India, 2011.
- [19] Le Campion L., Adeline M.T., Ouazzani J., Separation of NTO Related 1,2,4-Triazol-3-one Derivatives by a High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Capillary Electrophoresis, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 1997, 22, 233-237.
- [20] Oehrle S.A., Analysis of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) in Explosive Mixture by Capillary Electrophoresis, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 1997, 22, 1-3.
- [21] Bassett J., Denney R.C., Jeffery G.H., Mendham J., Vogel’s Textbook of Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 4th ed., Longman Group Limited, England, 1978, p. 235.
- [22] Singh Gurdip, Prem Felix S., Studies on Energetic Compounds 25, An Overview of Preparation, Thermolysis and Application of the Salts of 5-Nitro-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (NTO), J. Hazard. Mater., 2002, A 90, 1-17.
- [23] Nandi A.K., Paramasivan P., Singh S.K., Mandal A.K., Pandey R.K., Assay of Insensitive High Explosive FOX-7 by Non-aqueous Titration, Cent. Eur. J. Energ. Mater., 2012, 9(3), 343-352.
- [24] Zbarsky V.L., Yadin N.V., Kinetics of the Synthesis of NTO in Nitric Acid, Propellants Explos. Pyrotech., 2005, 30(4), 298-302.
- [25] Jadhav H.S., Talwar M.B., Dhavale D.D., Asthana S.N., Krishnamurthy V.N., Synthesis, Characterization and Thermolysis of 2,4-Dihydro-2,4,5-trinitro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (DTNTO): a New Derivative of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO), Indian J. Eng. Mater. Sci., 2005, 12, 467-471.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-3b3b5b9b-b7bc-41c5-860f-a2cf5315c3c9