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Electric or hybrid vehicles are becoming increasingly common on roads. While electric vehicles are still more or less intended for city traffic, hybrid vehicles allow normal use due to wider driving range. The use of internal combustion engines in hybrid drives is still an inspiration to find the way to reduce the production of emissions. Numbers of alternative energy resources were studied as a substitution of conventional fuels for hybrid vehicles drives worldwide. The paper deals with the possibility of using alternative fuels as CNG, LPG and LNG in combination with hybrid drive of a midibus with the capacity of 20 passengers. Various aspects and techniques of hybrid vehicles from energy management system, propulsion system and using of various alternative fuels are explored in this paper. Other related fields of hybrid vehicles such as changes of vehicle weight or influence of electric energy sources on the total vehicle emission production are also included.
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Tom
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240--247
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 16 poz., fig., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- University of Žilina, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Univerzitna 1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia
autor
- University of Žilina, University Science Park, Univerzitna 1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia
autor
- University of Žilina, Faculty of Operation and Economics of Transport and Communications, Univerzitna 1, 010 26 Žilina, Slovakia
autor
- Lublin University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
autor
- Lublin University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Nadbystrzycka 36, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
Bibliografia
- 1. Jorgensen K. Technologies for electric, hybrid and hydrogen vehicles: electricity from renewable energy sources in transport. Utilities Policy, 16, 2008, 72–79.
- 2. Frost and Sullivan. Strategic analysis of global hybrid and electric heavy-duty transit bus market (NC7C-01). Frost C Sullivan Publication, New York 2013.
- 3. Mahmoud M., Garnett R., Ferguson M. and Kanaroglou P. Electric buses. A review of alternative powertrains. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 62, 2016, 673–684.
- 4. Mierlo J.V., Maggeto G. and Lataire P. Which energy source for road transport in the future? A comparison of battery, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles. In. Energy Conversion and Management, 47(17), 2006, 2748–2760.
- 5. Barta D. and Mruzek M. Factors influencing the hybrid drive of urban public transport buses. Management systems in production engineering, 4(20), 2015, 213–218.
- 6. Barta D. and Mruzek M. Design of public transport vehicles drive based on real operating parameters. Proc. of 15th International conference on civil, structural and transportation engineering. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 2015, 273/1–273/8.
- 7. Skrucany T. and Gnap J. Energy intensity and GHG production of the road and rail cargo transport using a software to simulate the energy consumption of a train. Telematics - support of transport, Katowice/ Kraków/Ustroń, Poland, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2014, 263–272.
- 8. Caban J., Gniecka A. and Holeša L. Alternative fuels for diesel engines. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal, 7(20), 2013, 70–74.
- 9. Rotarex. CNG-LPG-H2 compposter-total, 2016, (www.gjt.bme.hu).
- 10. Siemionek E. and Dziubiński M. Testing energy consumption in the trolleybus and the bus on a chosen public transport line in Lublin. Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal, 9(26), 2015, 152–153.
- 11. Rimkus A., Melaika M., Pukalskas S. and Nagurnas S. Research of hydrogen influence for gas bus ecological and economic parameters. Proc. of the 16th international conference - Technologija, Transport Means, Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, Kaunas, 2012, 13–16.
- 12. Hlavňa V. et al. Dopravný prostriedok - jeho motor. Transport mean – its engine. University of Zilina, 2007, 466.
- 13. Autolpg. Velikosti nádrží, 2016, (www.autolpg.cz).
- 14. Cryo diffusion. Cryogenic cylinder for LNG for taxis, Buses and Trucks, 2016, (www.cryodiffusion. com).
- 15. Skrúcaný T. and Gnap J. The effect of the crosswinds on the stability of the moving vehicles. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 617, 2014, 296–301.
- 16. Emisní faktory. Technická příloha pokynů pro vyplnění šablony SEAP, (www.soglasheniemerov.eu).
Uwagi
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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bwmeta1.element.baztech-3915d3a3-3682-4929-a5bb-e50c272ad8dc