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Analysis of VBO governing sequence to minimize porosity in out-of-autoclave prepregs

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The out-of-autoclave process is being used instead of the autoclave process due to its lower manufacturing costs to obtain products of the same quality. It is seen that in the out-of-autoclave, precure processes like compaction in the vacuum bag, the bagging sequence, vacuum pressure as well as the application time of vacuum are the major factors to produce acceptable quality parts, especially aero structure parts. In this study we will discuss how the bagging sequence, along with a change in the consumable materials, affects the final porosity. The void content for different bagging sequence conditions was analyzed by means of C-scan and microsection analysis on OOA prepreg laminates. It was noted that the bagging sequence and consumable materials may cause the porosity to be as low as ≈ 0.23% to as high as ≈ 4.24%.
Rocznik
Strony
87--95
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh-522213, India
  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh-522213, India
  • Vignan's Institute of Technology and Science, Deshmukhi, Yadadri Bhuvanagiri, Telangana-508284, India
autor
  • University of Nottingham, School of Mechanical, Materials and Manufacturing Engineering, United Kingdom
Bibliografia
  • [1] Taylor T., Zhang J., Yanagimoto J., Evaluation of a concept out-of-autoclave process for manufacturing carbon fibre reinforced polymer automotive parts, Procedia CIRP 2019, 86, 162-166, DOI: 10.1016/j.procir.2020.01.030.
  • [2] Bond G.G., Griffith J.M., Hahn G.L., Non-autoclave prepreg manufacturing technology. Proceedings of the 40th International SAMPE Technical Conference, Memphis 2008.
  • [3] Torres J.J., Simmons M., Sket F., González C., An analysis of void formation mechanisms in out-of-autoclave prepregs by means of X-ray computed tomography, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2019, 117, 230-242, DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.11.010.
  • [4] Chong H.M., Liu S.L., Subramanian A.S., Ng S.P., Tay S.W., Wang S.Q., Out-of-autoclave scarf repair of interlayer toughened carbon fibre composites using double vacuum debulking of patch, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2018, 107, 224-234, DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2018.01.001.
  • [5] Villareal H., Unger S., Lee F.W., Advancement of out of autoclave (OOA) technology at tencate advanced composites, Proceedings of the SAMPE 2012, Conference, Baltimore 2012.
  • [6] Courter J., Dustin J., Ritchey A., Pipes B.R., Sargent L., Purcell W., Properties of an out-of-autoclave prepreg material: oven versus autoclave, Proceedings of the 41st International SAMPE Technical Conference, Wichita 2009.
  • [7] Repecka L., Boyd J., Vacuum-bag-only-curable prepregs that produce void-free parts, Proceedings of the SAMPE 2002 Conference, Long Beach 2002.
  • [8] Lucas S., Howard S., Senger J., Vacuum bag only processing: Improving prepreg out-time and porosity for large composite structure, Proceedings of the SAMPE 2010, Seattle 2010.
  • [9] Sutter J.K., Kenner W.S., Pelham L., Miller S.G., Polis D.L., Hou T., Comparison of autoclave and out-of-autoclave composites, Proceedings of the 42nd International SAMPE Technical Conference, Salt Lake City 2009.
  • [10] Vo T.M., Alavi-Soltani S., Walker S., Das R., Minaie B., Effect of post cure temperature variation on compressive properties of an out-of-autoclave prepreg composite, Proceedings of the SAMPE 2011 Conference, Long Beach 2011.
  • [11] Centea T., Grunenfelder L.K., Nutt S.R., A review of out-of-autoclave prepregs – Material properties, process phenomena, and manufacturing considerations, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2015, 70, 132-154, DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.09.029.
  • [12] Grunenfelder L.K., Centea T., Hubert P., Nut S.R., Effect of room-temperature out-time on tow impregnation in an out-of-autoclave prepreg, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2013, 45, 119-126, DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.10.001.
  • [13] Gangloff J.J. Jr, Simacek P., Sinha S., Advani S.G., A process model for the compaction and saturation of partially impregnated thermoset prepreg tapes, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2014, 64, 234-244, DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2014.05.010.
  • [14] Thorfinnson B., Biermann T.F., Degree of impregnation of prepregs – effects on porosity, Proceedings of the 32nd International SAMPE Symposium and Exhibition, Anaheim 1987.
  • [15] Ridgard C., Out of autoclave composite technology for aerospace, defence and space structures, Proceedings of the SAMPE 2009 Conference, Baltimore 2009.
  • [16] Naresh K., Khan K.A., Umer R., Cantwell W.J., The use of X-ray computed tomography for design and process modelling of aerospace composites: A review, Materials & Design 2020, 190, 108553, DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108553.
  • [17] Di Landro L., Montalto A., Bettini P., Guerra S., Montagnoli F., Rigamonti M., Detection of voids in carbon/epoxy laminates and their influence on mechanical properties, Polymers and Polymer Composites 2017, 25(5), 371-380, DOI: 10.1177/096739111702500506.
  • [18] Lee J., Ni X., Daso F., Xiao X., Dale K., Gómez J.S., Varela T.B., Kessler S.S., Wardle B.L., Advanced carbon fiber composite out-of-autoclave laminate manufacture via nanostructured out-of-oven conductive curing, Composites Science and Technology 2018, 166, 150-159. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2018.02.031.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-3894220a-82f7-4518-8b3c-e5f405a94579
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