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Abstrakty
The reduction of sea ice area in the Arctic has increased the availability of the Russian Arctic seas for navigation by vessels of relatively low ice class. The signing of the Act on the Northern Sea Route (NSR) by the President of the Russian Federation has created the possibility for ships from countries other than Russia to use the NSR. However, the NSR is very poorly recognized in terms of navigation by countries other than Russia. The author of the paper analyzed the NSR navigation infrastructure components in terms of the reliability of the information provided by the main producers of nautical publications for initial voyage planning. For the purpose of this analysis an indicator of the quality of the navigation infrastructure was developed. The value of this indicator, obtained on the basis of the above analysis, is low. Navigators that collect information during the initial stage of voyage planning may be misled if they use nautical publications originating from only one global producer of charts and publications. If the navigators act in accordance with good seamanship and familiarize themselves with information from two or three global producers of nautical publications, they may be disoriented due to the receipt of divergent information. It seems that before the voyage begins and preferably before planning a trip, the master or owner of the vessel intending to carry out a voyage by the NSR should first use the most current local knowledge in the possession of the Northern Sea Route Administration. This is also where information can be found as to where to obtain the most current and reliable information for initial voyage planning.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
74--82
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 33 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Gdynia Maritime University, Department of Navigation, Faculty of Navigation 3 Jana Pawła II Avenue, 81-345 Gdynia, Poland
Bibliografia
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- 4. EASTWOOD, S. (Editor) (2014) Ocean & Sea Ice SAF Sea Ice Product User’s Manual, OSI-401-a, OSI-402-a, OSI- 403-a. Version 3.1, September 2014.
- 5. GUNiO (1996) The Guide to Navigating Through the Northern Sea Route. GUNiO, No. 4151W.
- 6. GUNiO (2006) Radiotechničeskie sredstva navigacionnogo oborudovanija Rossii. GUNiO No. 3003,Updated till NTM 30, 25.07.2015.
- 7. IMO (2008) Draft strategy for the development and implementation of e-navigation. IMO Resolution A. 989(25), NAV 54/25 Annex 12.
- 8. KITAGAWA, H. (2001) The Northern Sea Route. The shortest sea route linking East Asia and Europe. Tokyo, Japan: Ship & Ocean Foundation.
- 9. KOLMAN, R. (1994) Poradnik dla doktorantów i habilitantów. Bydgoszcz: Oficyna Wydawnicza Ośrodka Postępu Organizacyjnego.
- 10. LAULAJAINEN, R. (2009) The Arctic Sea Route. International Journal of Shipping and Transport Logistics. 1. 1.
- 11. MARCHENKO, N. (2012) Russian Arctic Seas. Navigational conditions and accidents. Berlin–Heidelberg: SpringerVerlag.
- 12. Masterok (2013) Система “Скорпион” в военное время заменит ГЛОНАСС [Online] August 2013. Available from: http://masterok.livejournal.com/1232841.html [Accessed: 19th July 2015].
- 13. MCA (2009) International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention. The ISM Code, Instructions for the Guidance of Surveyors, Complete redraft & reissue May 2009.
- 14. MIRONOV, E.U. (Ed.) (2010) Opasnye ledovye javlenija dlja sudochodstva v Arktike. St. Petersburg: AANII.
- 15. MOE, A. & JENSEN, O. (2010) Opening of new Arctic shipping routes. Standard Briefing. Brussels: DirectorateGeneral for External Policies of the Union/European Parliament. Policy Department, PE 433.792.
- 16. MULHERIN, N.D. (1996) The Northern Sea Route. Its development and evolving state of operations in the 1990s. CRELL Report 96-3, US Army Corps of Engineers.
- 17. MULHERIN, N.D., EPPLER, D.T., PROSHUTINSKY, T.O., PROSHUTINSKY, A.YU., FARMER, L.D. & SMITH, O.P. (1996) Development and results of a Northern Sea Route Transit Model. CRELL Report 96-5, US Army Corps of Engineers.
- 18. MULHERIN, N.D., SODHI, D. & SMALLIDGE, E. (1994) Northern Sea Route and Icebreaking Technology. An overview of current conditions. CRELL Report No 3520, US Army Corps of Engineers.
- 19. NGIA (2005) Radio navigational aids. Pub. 117. Bethesda.
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- 22. NGIA (2014b) Sailing Directions (Enroute), North coast of Russia. Pub. 183, 2014, Eleventh edition, Updated till 27.04.2015, Sprinfield.
- 23. NGIA (2015a) Sailing Directions (Planning Guide), Arctic Ocean. Pub. 180, 2015, Twelfth edition, Updated till 28.05.2015, Springfirld.
- 24. NGIA (2015b) Sailing Directions (Planning Guide), Pacific Ocean and southeast Asia. Pub. 120, 2015, Twelfth edition, Springfield: 492 p.
- 25. PASTUSIAK, T. (2012) Ship’s Navigational Safety in the Arctic Unsurveyed Regions, TransNav. International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation. 6. 2. pp. 209–214.
- 26. PASTUSIAK, T. (2015) The problem of the availability of nautical charts and publications on the Northern Sea Route. Polish Cartographical Review. 47. 1. pp. 63–72.
- 27. RAGNER, C.L. (2000) Northern Sea Route Cargo Flows and Infrastructure. Present State and Future Potential. The Fridtjof Nansen Institute, Report 13/2000.
- 28. RYVLIN, A.YA. & CHEJSIN, D.E. (1980) Ispytanija sudov vo l’dach. Leningrad: Sudostroenie.
- 29. SODHI, D.S. (1995) US Army Corps of Engineers, Northern Sea Route. Reconnaissance Study. A Summary of Icebreaking Technology. Special Raport 95–17.
- 30. UKHO (2010) The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office. Admiralty List of Radio Signals, Radio aids to navigation, differential GPS (DGPS) legal time, radio time signals and electronic position fixing system. Volume 2, NP282.
- 31. UKHO (2011) The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office. Admiralty List of Radio Signals, Maritime Safety Services. Volume 3(1), NP283(1).
- 32. UKHO (2014/2015) The United Kingdom Hydrographic Office. Admiralty List of Radio Signals, Radio aids to navigation, differential GPS (DGPS) legal time, radio time signals and electronic position fixing system. Volume 2, NP282, Edition 2014/2015.
- 33. UNiO (2008) MORF, Ogni i znaki Severnogo Morskogo Puti. UNiO Nr. 2111, Updated till NTM 30 dated 25.07.2015.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
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