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Since March 11, 2020, the global community has faced the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. In response, numerous countries, including the Republic of Lithuania, mandated the wearing of face masks to curb the virus’s spread. Yet, a section of the Lithuanian populace resisted this move, voicing concerns about the inconvenience of mask-wearing and potential privacy infringements. These concerns endured, even amidst debates on the masks’ effectiveness. This article explores how the Lithuanian public responded to mask-wearing protocols during the pandemic. Survey analysis highlighted a troubling trend: many individuals dispose of face masks with their regular trash, often without proper packaging. Most masks are sourced from pharmacies or are provided by employers and are typically thrown away after just one day of use. The data underscores a significant knowledge gap in correct mask disposal, as a significant portion ends up mingled with general household waste, without proper containment. Moreover, many people keep used masks in pockets or bags. Notably, during the pandemic, an estimated 2 mln adult Lithuanians may have generated roughly 15.24 Mg of hazardous plastic waste through mask disposal.
Słowa kluczowe
Wydawca
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
275--282
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 30 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Vytautas Magnus University, Agriculture Academy, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Ecology, Studentų St 11, Akademija, Kaunas, Lithuania
autor
- Vytautas Magnus University, Agriculture Academy, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Ecology, Studentų St 11, Akademija, Kaunas, Lithuania
autor
- Vytautas Magnus University, Agriculture Academy, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Ecology, Studentų St 11, Akademija, Kaunas, Lithuania
autor
- University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Ecology, Climatology and Air Protection, Krakow, Poland
Bibliografia
- Aragaw, T.A. (2020) “Surgical face masks as a potential source for microplastic pollution in the COVID-19 scenario,” Marine Pollution Bulletin, 159, 111517. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111517.
- Bartsch, S.M. et al. (2022) “Maintaining face masks use before and after achieving different COVID-19 vaccination coverage levels: A modelling study,” The Lancet Public Health, 7(4), E356–E365. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00040-8.
- Cheng, K.K., Lam, T.H. and Leung, C.C. (2020) “Wearing face masks in the community during the COVID-19 pandemic: altruism and solidarity,” The Lancet, 399, 10336, E39–E40. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30918-1.
- Chua, M.H. et al. (2020) “Face masks in the new COVID-19 normal: Materials, testing, and perspectives,” Research, 2020, 7286735. Available at: https://doi.org/10.34133/2020/7286735.
- De-la-Torre, G.E. and Aragaw, T.A. (2021) “What we need to know about PPE associated with the COVID-19 pandemic in the marine environment,” Marine Pollution Bulletin, 163, 111879. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111879.
- Dong, M.T. et al. (2020) “The rapid increases in microplastics in urban lake sediments,” Scientific Reports, 10, 848. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-57933-8.
- Du, H., Huang, S. and Wang, J. (2022) “Environmental risks of polymer materials from disposable face masks linked to the COVID-19 pandemic,” Science of the Total Environment, 815, 152980. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.152980.
- Du, H., Xie, Y. and Wang, J. (2021) “Microplastic degradation methods and corresponding gedradation mechanism: Research status and future perspectives,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 418, 126377. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhaz-mat.2021.126377.
- Esmaeilzadeh, P. (2022) “Public concerns and burdens associated with face mask-wearing: Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic,” Progress in Disaster Science, 13, 100215. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdisas.2022.100215.
- Evangeliou, N. et al. (2020) “Atmospheric transport is a major pathway of microplastics to remote regions,” Nature Communications, 11, 3381. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17201-9.
- Feng, S. et al. (2020) “Rational use of face masks in the COVID-19 pandemic,” The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 8, pp. 434–436. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30134-X.
- Greenhalgh, T. et al. (2020) “Face masks for the public during the covid-19 crisis,” The BMJ, 369:m1435. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m1435.
- Kumar, A., Kalia, A. and Kalia, A. (2022) “ETL-YOLO v4: A face mask detection algorithm in era of COVID-19 pandemic,” Optik – International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 259, 169051. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2022.169051.
- Li, B. et al. (2022) “Environmental risks of disposable face masks during the pandemic of COVID-19: Challenges and management,” Science of the Total Environment, 825, 153880. Available at: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153880.
- Lindsley, W.G. et al. (2021) “Efficacy of face masks, neck gaiters and face shields for reducing the expulsion of simulated cough-generated aerosols,” Aerosol Science and Technology, 55(4), pp. 449–457. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/02786826.2020.1862409.
- Ma, J. et al. (2021) “Face masks as a source of nanoplastics and microplastics in the environment: Quantification, characterization, and potential for bioaccumulation,” Environmental Pollution, 288, 117748. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117748.
- Mghili, B., Analla, M. and Akissou, M. (2022) “Face masks related to COVID-19 in the beaches of the Moroccan Mediterranean: An emerging source of plastic pollution,” Marine Pollution Bulletin, 174, 113181. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol-bul.2021.113181.
- Mol, M.P.G. and Caldas, S. (2020) “Can the human coronavirus epidemic also spread through solid waste?,” Waste Management & Research: The Journal for a Sustainable Circular Economy, 38, pp. 485–486. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0734242X20918312.
- Morgana, S., Casentini, B. and Amalfitabo, S. (2021) “Uncovering the release of micro/nanoplastics from disposable face masks at Times of COVID-19,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 419, 126507. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126507.
- Neto, H.G. et al. (2021) “Mortality of a juvenile Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus, Spheniscidae) associated with the ingestion of a PFF-2 protective mask during the Covid-19 pandemic,” Marine Pollution Bulletin, 166, 112232, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112232.
- OSP (2022) The population of Lithuania (edition 2022). Vilnius: Official Statistics Portal. Available at: https://osp.stat.gov.lt/en/lietuvos-gyventojai-2022/salies-gyventojai/gyventoju-skaicius-ir-sudetis (Accessed: August 31, 2023).
- Perikala, M. and Bhardwaj, A. (2022) “Waste to white light: A sustainable method for conversing biohazardous waste to broadband white LEDs,” RSC Advances, 18, pp. 11443–11453. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA01146H.
- Poon, W.C.K. et al. (2020) “Soft matter science and the COVID-19 pandemic,” Soft Matter, 36, pp. 8310–8324. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1039/D0SM01223H.
- Ray, S.S. et al. (2022) “Microplastics waste in environment: A perspective on recycling issues from PPE kits and face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic,” Environmental Technology & Innovation, 26, 102290. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2022.102290.
- Seiya, S. and Kalaji, M.H. (2021) Moss filter, mask, ventilation mechanism, cabin-air ventilation mechanism, or moss artistic installation. Japan JP,2021-179052,A. A41D 13/11(2006.01), A62B 18/02(2006.01), B60H 3/06(2006.01), 4F 7/013(2006.01). Appl no. 2020085999. Date of filling 2020.05.15. Date of publ. 2021.11.18. Available at: https://www.j-platpat.inpit.go.jp/c1800/PU/JP-2021-179052/3DA535CB1535D2D9691C16B1B84128C11862F420-F9A1B49084B0C5A3E61FAD33/11/en (Accessed: May 12, 2023).
- Shen, M. et al. (2021) “Neglected microplastics pollution in global COVID-19: Disposable surgical masks,” Science of the Total Environment, 790, 148130, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148130.
- Torres-Agullo, A. et al. (2021) “Overview on the occurrence of microplastics in air and implications from the use of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic,” Science of the Total Environment, 800, 149555. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scito-tenv.2021.149555.
- Wang, G. et al. (2022) “Use of COVID-19 single-use face masks to improve the rutting resistance of asphalt pavement,” Science of the Total Environment, 826, 154118. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154118.
- WHO (2023) Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. Geneva: World Health Organization. Available at: https://covid19.who.int/?msclkid=f49ca3b5c54911ec9f5e417c880e6ac1 (Accessed: May 12, 2023).
- Zhang, Z. et al. (2022) “A critical review of microplastics in the soil-plant system: Distribution, uptake, phytotoxicity and prevention,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 424, 17750, Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127750.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-374361b4-043f-455d-befd-b2ea0aad38f2