Maritime security and threat assessments

• Autorzy: Eidnes I. M. , Batalden B. M. , Sydnes M. K.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12716/1001.13.04.02

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Maritime security is still a challenge in international trade. In this case-study we analyze how the Norwegian Shipowners’ Mutual War Risks Insurance Association (DNK) provides Norwegian maritime companies with regional assessments of threat-levels. Through a survey and a series of interviews, we study factors that affect the communication and perception of threats, in addition to how maritime companies make security decisions regarding operating in different areas. The study concludes that the DNK and maritime companies largely have a common assessment of threat levels. Though communication between DNK and its member companies has challenges, the members largely consider DNK threat assessments to be reliable. Security decisions in maritime companies typically involve multiple actors, considerations of economy versus security, and multiple sources of security intelligence information.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

maritime security; DNK-Norwegian Shipowners Mutual War Risks Insurance Association; security intelligence information; Company Security Officer (CSO); Analysis of Variance (ANOVA); Norwegian Maritime Companies; threat assessment; risk assessment

• Wydawca: Faculty of Navigation, Gdynia Maritime University
• Czasopismo: TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: Vol. 13. no. 4
• Strony: 707--714
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 32 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Eidnes I. M.

• University of Tromsø the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

autor

Batalden B. M.

• University of Tromsø the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

autor

Sydnes M. K.

• University of Tromsø the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway

Bibliografia

• 1. Aven, T. & Renn, O. 2010. Risk management and governance: concepts, guidelines and applications. Berlin: Springer. - doi:10.1007/978-3-642-13926-0
• 2. Aven, T., Renn, O. & Rosa, E.A. 2011. On the ontological status of the concept of risk. Safety Science 49: 1074-1079. - doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2011.04.015
• 3. Aven, T. & Veland, H. 2012. Risk communication in the light of different risk perspectives. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 110, 34-40. - doi:10.1016/j.ress.2012.09.007
• 4. Aven, T. & Vinnem, J.E. 2007. Risk management with applications from the offshore petroleum industry. London: Springer.
• 5. Baniela, S.I & Rios, J.V. 2012. Piracy in Somalia: A Challenge to The International Community. The Journal of Navigation, 65: 693–710. - doi:10.1017/S0373463312000185
• 6. Batalden, B.-M., & Sydnes, A.K. 2014. Maritime safety and the ISM Code: a study of investigated casual¬ties and incidents. Journal of Maritime Affairs, 13: 3-25. - doi:10.1007/s13437-013-0051-8
• 7. Bueger, C. 2015. Learning from piracy: future challenges of maritime security governance. Global Affairs, 1(1): 33-42. - doi:10.1080/23340460.2015.960170
• 8. Cox, Jr., L.A. 2008. Some Limitations of “Risk = Threat × Vulnerability × Consequence” for Risk Analysis of Terrorist Attacks. Risk Analysis, Vol. 28(6): 1749-1761. - doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.2008.01142.x
• 9. Fawcett, J.A. 2010. Challenges to apprehension and prosecution of East African maritime pirates. Maritime Policy & Management, 37(7): 753-765. - doi:10.1080/03088839.2010.524742
• 10.Germond, B. 2015. The geopolitical dimension of maritime security. Marine Policy 54: 137-142. - doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2014.12.013
• 11. Hallahan, K., Holtzhausen, D., Ruler, V.B, Verčič, D. & Sriramesh, K. 2007. Defining Strategic Communication, International Journal of Strategic Communication 1(1): 3-35. - doi:10.1080/15531180701285244
• 12. Hasan, S.M. & Hassan, D. 2016. Current Arragements to Combat Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea Region: An Evalutation. Journal of Maritime Law and Commerce 47 (2): 171-217.
• 13. Hollnagel, E. 2009. The ETTO principle. Surrey: Ashgate.
• 14. Kasperson, R., Renn, O., Slovic, P., Brown, H., Emel, J., Golbe, R., Kasperson, J. & Ratick, S. 1988. The Social Amplification of Risk: A Conseptual Framework. Risk Analysis 8(2): 177-187. - doi:10.1111/j.1539-6924.1988.tb01168.x
• 15. Kaufmann, G. & Kaufmann, A. 2009. Psykologi i Organisasjon og Ledelse. Bergen: Fagbokforlaget Vigmostad & Bjørke AS.
• 16. Kristiansen, S. 2005. Maritime transportation. Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann.
• 17. Mandanda, D.L & Ping,G. 2016. The Gulf of Guinea piracy: Impact and Effectuveness of Control Measures. Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization 55: 105-130.
• 18. Onggo, B.S. 2017. Social Amplification of Risk Framework: An Agent-Based Approach. Springer International Publishing: 335-339. - doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47253-9_30
• 19. Onuoha, F. 2009. Sea piracy and maritime security in the Horn of Africa: The Somali coast and Gulf of Aden in perspective. African Security Studies 18(3): 31-44. - doi:10.1080/10246029.2009.9627540
• 20. Oltedal, H & Lützhöft, M. 2018. Managing Maritime Safety. Routhledge. - doi:10.4324/9780203712979
• 21. Psarros, G., Skjong, Rolf., Eide, Magnus S. (2009). The acceptability of maritime security risk. Journal of Transportation Security 2: 149-163. - doi:10.1007/s12198-009-0033-4
• 22. Rasmussen, J. 1997. Risk Management in a dynamic society: a modelling problem. Safety Science 27 (3): 183-213. - doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(97)00052-0
• 23. Reason, J. 1997. Managing the risks of organizational accidents. Ashgate.
• 24. Renn, O. 2008. Risk Governance Coping with the Uncertainty in a Complex World. London: Earthscan.
• 25. Rosa, E.A. 1998. Metatheoretical foundations for post-normal risk. Journal of Risk Research, 1 (1): 15–44. - doi:10.1080/136698798377303
• 26. Shortland, A. & Vothknecht, M. 2011. Combating ”maritime terrorism” off the coast of Somalia. European Journal of Political Economy 27: 133-151. - doi:10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2011.03.004
• 27. Sjöberg, L. 2000. Factors in risk perception. Risk analysis, 20 (1), 1-11. - doi:10.1111/0272-4332.00001
• 28. Smith, C.L & Brooks, D. 2013. Security science. USA: Elsevier.
• 29. Slovic, P. 2000. Perception of risk. P. Slovic (Red.), The Perception of Risk. (p. 220-231). London: Earthscan.
• 30. Slovic, P. Fischoff, B. & Lichtenstein, S. 2000. Response mode, framing and informationprocessing effects. P. Slovic (Red.), The Perception of Risk. (p. 154-167). London: Earthscan.
• 31. Vespe, M., Greidanus, H. & Alvarez, M.A. 2015. The declining impact of piracy in maritime transport in the Indian Ocean: Statistical analysis of 5-year vessel tracking data. Marine Policy 59: 9-15. - doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2015.04.018
• 32. Winn, N. & Lewis, A. 2017. European Union anti-piracy initiatives in the Horn of Africa: linking land-based counter-piracy with maritime security and regional development. Third World Quarterly 38(9): 2113-2128. - doi:10.1080/01436597.2017.1322460