Microemulsion as a means of NOx reduction in exhaust emission of diesel engines

• Autorzy: Jankowski A.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/12314005.1216479

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Currently produced internal combustion engines used in transportation, must meet very stringent legislative requirements EURO VI, for the limited emissions of exhaust gases: CO, HC, NOx, PM, PN. One of the most toxic components and the most difficult to eliminate are nitrogen oxides NOx, which currently permissible amount in the exhaust gases shall be 80 mg/km. This result must be achieved, moreover, with the fulfilment of the limits for other exhaust components, and above all, the contents of particulate matter (PM, PN). It should be pointed out, that the mechanisms of the NOx and PM formation are opposed to each other; reduction of the NOx amount is generally associated with an increase in PM and vice versa. Therefore, issues of lowering the amount of NOx in the exhaust gases devote a lot of scientific work and engine research. Currently the most effective method of reducing the NOx is the selective catalytic reduction (SCR), which requires the additional installation of sophisticated equipment in the vehicle. Therefore, methods easier to implement and to operate are sought. One such method is the use of a microemulsion to supply as fuel to diesel engines, consisting of an emulsion of diesel oil, water and surfactant (surface-active compound). The use of the microemulsion results in that already in combustion chamber forms less of NOx, and therefore reduction of NOx in the exhaust system is easier. The publication presents results of SB 3.1 engine research on the engine test bench. The research was comparative in nature and thus, in the first stage of research conducted, the engine was fuelled with diesel oil, then the area of engine load and engine speed characteristics, in which the NOx emissions are greatest, was determined, and next, when engine was fuelled with various microemulsions, the engine investigation was conducted in this area. The microemulsions of diesel fuel and water comprise 10%, 20% and 30% water, selectively. The results of investigations show that, when the engine is fuelled with microemulsions, both NOx and PM, as the main component of diesel engine exhaust - soot (smoke) can be reduced at the same time. The article also discusses the differences between emulsions and microemulsions, and how they influence the combustion in the engine combustion chambers.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

internal combustion engines; engine emissions; internal combustion engine fuels; microemulsions

• Wydawca: Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Aviation ; European Science Society of Powertrain and Transport KONES Poland ; Wydawnictwo Instytutu Technicznego Wojsk Lotniczych
• Czasopismo: Journal of KONES
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: Vol. 23, No. 3
• Strony: 225--232
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Jankowski A.

• Institute of Aviation Al. Krakowska 110/114 02-256 Warszawa, Poland tel.: [phone], fax: [phone]

Bibliografia

• [1] Bemert, L., Strey R., Diesel-Mikroemulsionen als alternativer Kraftstoff. 5. FAD Konferenz Herausforderung – Abgasnachbehandlung fuer Dieselmotoren. 7.11-8.11.2007 in Dresden
• [2] Haller, P., Jankowski, A., Kolanek, C., Walkowiak, W., Microemulsions as fuel for diesel engine, Journal of KONES, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 165-170, 2012.
• [3] Jankowski, A., Influence of chosen parameters of water fuel microemulsion on combustion processes, emission level of nitrogen oxides and fuel consumption of ci engine; Journal of KONES, Vol. 18, No. 4 2011
• [4] Jankowski, A., Laser research of fuel atomization and combustion process in the aspect of exhaust gases emission, Journal of KONES, Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 119-126, 2008.
• [5] Jankowski, A., Sandel, A., Jankowska-Siemińska, B. Sęczyk, J. Measurement of drop size distribution in fuel sprays by laser methods, Journal of KONES Vol. 8 No. 3-4, pp. 334-345, 2001.
• [6] Jankowski, A., Sandel, A., Seczyk, J., Jankowska-Sieminska, B., Some problems of improvement of fuel efficiency and emissions in internal combustion engines, Journal of KONES, Vol. 9, No. 3-4, pp. 333-356, 2002.
• [7] Jankowski, A., Some aspects of heterogeneous processes of the combustion including two phases, Journal of KONES, Vol. 12, No. 1-2, pp. 121-134, 2005.
• [8] Jankowski, A., Study of the influence of different factors on combustion processes (Part one), Journal of KONES, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 209-216, 2009.
• [9] Jankowski, A., Study of the influence of different factors on combustion processes (Part two), Journal of KONES Internal Combustion Engines 2009, Vo. 16, No. 3 pp. 135-140, 2009.
• [10] Kolanek, C. et al, Emulsje Raport, Wroclaw, 2007.
• [11] Kolanek, C., Kułażyński, M., Kempińska, M., Examination of the effects of water presece in Fuel on toxicity indices of a compression-ignition engine. Journal of KONES, Warsaw 2007
• [12] Kolanek, C., Ograniczenie emisji NOx z silników o zapłonie samoczynnym przez wprowadzenie wody do procesu spalania. Ochrona środowiska 1(64)/97 Wyd. Oddziału Dolnośląskiego PZTIS, 1997.
• [13] Kolanek, C., Sroka, Z. J., Walkowiak, W. W., Exhaust gas toxicity problems in ship drives. Polish Maritime Research. 2007.
• [14] Jankowski, A., Chosen Problems of Combustion Processes of Advanced Combustion Engine, Journal of KONES, Vol. 20, No. 3, DOI: 10.5604/12314005.1136852, pp. 203-208, 2013.
• [15] Jankowski, A., Kowalski, M., Environmental Pollution Caused by a Direct Injection Engine, Journal of KONES, Vol. 22, No. 3, DOI: 10.5604/12314005.1168461, pp. 133-138, 2015.
• [16] Jankowski, A., Reduction Emission Level of Harmful Components Exhaust Gases by Means of Control of Parameters Influencing on Spraying Process of Biofuel Components for Aircraft Engines, Journal of KONES, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 129-134, 2011.
• [17] Jankowski, A., Test Stand for Modelling of Combustion Processes of Liquid Fuels, Journal of KONES, Vol. 21, No. 2, DOI: 10.5604/12314005.1133885, pp. 121-126, 2015.
• [18] Zurek, J., Jankowski, A., Experimental and Numerical Modelling of Combustion Process of Liquid Fuels Under Laminar Conditions, Journal of KONES, Vol. 22, No. 3, DOI: 10.5604/12314005.1134559, pp. 309-316, 2015.
• [19] Zurek, J., Kowalski, M., Jankowski, A., Modelling of Combustion Process of Liquid Fuels under Turbulent Conditions, Journal of KONES, Vol. 22, No. 4, DOI: 10.5604/12314005.1168562, pp. 355-344, 2015.

Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.